이상설 : 한국 근대수학교육의 아버지

설한국,이상구,Seol, Han-Guk,Lee, Sang-Gu 한국수학사학회 2009 Journal for history of mathematics Vol.22 No.3

본 논문은 한국수학사에서 연구와 정리가 취약한 시기인 근대수학의 도입기를 조사하면서, 그 근대수학의 도입기에서 만나게 되는 인물인 이상설(李相卨)에 대한 조명을 시도한다. 시대적 상황이 모든 분야의 침체기를 가져온 구한말 이상설은 근대수학에서 당대를 대표하는 높은 학식을 쌓고 뛰어난 재능을 보여주었다. 그간 이상설에 대해 '근대수학교육의 아버지'라는 평가가 없지 않았음에도 불구하고 낯설게 느껴진다면, 그것은 그가 독립운동가로만 강하게 각인된 탓일 것이다. 하지만 그는 19세기말 조선 근대수학의 첫 번째 교과서 편저자이자 수학교사이기도 했음을 새겨둘 필요가 있다. 대유학자이면서도 선구적으로 외국어와 서양과학 특히 근대 서양수학을 이해한 면모는 한국이 배출한 천재 중 하나라는 평가가 결코 과장이 아님을 보여준다. 이에 본 논문에서는 한국 근대수학교육에 커다란 기여를 한 인물인 이상설의 교육과 학문 및 실천업적을 조명한다. 보재 이상설이 1886년경에 쓴 책 <수리>와 최초로 수학과 과학을 관립교육기관의 교육과정에 편성한 과정, 최초의 근대수학교과서로 여겨지는 <산술신서>의 발간, 민족교육기관인 '서전서숙'의 설립 및 운영을 포함한 보재의 업적을 한국수학사 관점에서 조명한다. 또한 <산술신서>의 목차와 구체적인 내용 및 1901년에 출간된 <신정산술>의 내용을 소개하고, 지금까지 부정확하게 알려진 <수리>와 <산술신서>에 관한 몇 가지 역사적 사실을 발굴하여 재조명한다. Most who have heard of Sang-Seol Lee know him for his contribution to the Korean independence movement nearly a hundred years ago. This paper, however, will discuss Lee's other great contribution to his country; that of being "The father of modern mathematical education in Korea". Lee passed the rigorous government officer examination with the highest honor and became a teacher for the royal prince. Later he became the president of Sunkyunkwan, a national institute of higher learning since 1398, and eventually a well-known university bearing the same name. Lee was also a highly regarded Confucian scholar and well versed in foreign languages. He wanted Korea to become a modern country and felt that the areas of science and engineering were studies that needed improving in order to achieve modernization. While researching Western textbooks on the subjects he realized that Western mathematics would be especially important for Korea. With that, it became his mission to integrate Western mathematics into the Korean educational system. This paper will explain the importance of Sang-Seol Lee's contributions to mathematic education in Korea and how it helped Korea become the modern nation it is today.

Improving the Chemical Accidents Prevention Management System

Sang Il Ryu,Jae Eun Lee,Ju Ho Lee,Gi-Geun Yang,Pilrae Cho,Moon Myong-Hwan,Seong Cho,Seol A Kwon,A Yeon Kim,Jee Eun Kim,Ga Hee Kim 위기관리 이론과 실천 2017 위기관리 이론과 실천 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.12

Enhanced Bone Augmentation by Controlled Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 from Bioabsorbable Membranes

Lee, Yong-Moo,Nam, Sung-Heon,Seol, Yang-Jo,Kim, Tae-Il,Lee, Seung-Jin,Ku, Young,Rhyu, In-Chul,Chung, Chong-Pyoung,Han, Soo-Boo,Choi, Sang-Mook 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 2003 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.12

Background: The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)-loaded biodegradable membranes on bone augmentation in a rabbit calvarial model. Methods: Five ㎍ of rhBMP-2 was loaded into a stiff hemispherical dome membrane made of poly(L-lactide) and tricalcium phosphate (PLLA/TCP). The release kinetics of rhBMP-2 from the membrane were determined in vitro using a human BMP-2 immunoassay. Twelve rhBMP-2-loaded dome membranes (test group) and 12 control dome membranes (control group) were placed on the partial-thickness calvarial defects of 24 rabbits. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks, and undecalcified ground sections were prepared. Newly formed bone area and height were measured histomorphometrically and calculated by percentage ratio to the total submembranous space area and height below the dome. Results: In vitro release results demonstrated that rhBMP-2 was released consistently over a 4-week period following a high initial burst release on the first day. At both 4 and 8 weeks, histomorphometric analysis revealed that the test group showed significantly higher newly formed bone heights and areas than the control group (P<0.01). In the control group, new bone height was 36.3% of the dome height and the new bone area reached 8.2% of the submembranous space area at 8 weeks, while the test group reached 87.3% and 35.4%, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest that the use of rhBMP-2-loaded PLLA/TCP membranes can result in additional bone augmentation, which is due to the osteoinductive properties of rhBMP-2 released from the membrane during healing.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Prenatal Aneuploidy Screening and Diagnostic Testing from Korean Society of Maternal-Fetal Medicine: (2) Invasive Diagnostic Testing for Fetal Chromosomal Abnormalities

Lee Ji Yeon,Kwon Ji Young,Na Sunghun,Choe Seung-Ah,Seol Hyun-Joo,Kim Minhyoung,김민아,Park Chan-Wook,Kim Kunwoo,Ryu Hyun Mee,Hwang Han-Sung,Shim Jae-Yoon 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.4

The Korean Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine proposed the first Korean guideline on prenatal aneuploidy screening and diagnostic testing, in April 2019. The clinical practice guideline (CPG) was developed for Korean women using an adaptation process based on good-quality practice guidelines, previously developed in other countries, on prenatal screening and invasive diagnostic testing for fetal chromosome abnormalities. We reviewed current guidelines and developed a Korean CPG on invasive diagnostic testing for fetal chromosome abnormalities according to the adaptation process. Recommendations for selected 11 key questions are: 1) Considering the increased risk of fetal loss in invasive prenatal diagnostic testing for fetal genetic disorders, it is not recommended for all pregnant women aged over 35 years. 2) Because early amniocentesis performed before 14 weeks of pregnancy increases the risk of fetal loss and malformation, chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is recommended for pregnant women who will undergo invasive prenatal diagnostic testing for fetal genetic disorders in the first trimester of pregnancy. However, CVS before 9 weeks of pregnancy also increases the risk of fetal loss and deformity. Thus, CVS is recommended after 9 weeks of pregnancy. 3) Amniocentesis is recommended to distinguish true fetal mosaicism from confined placental mosaicism. 4) Anti-immunoglobulin should be administered within 72 hours after the invasive diagnostic testing. 5) Since there is a high risk of vertical transmission, an invasive prenatal diagnostic testing is recommended according to the clinician's discretion with consideration of the condition of the pregnant woman. 6) The use of antibiotics is not recommended before or after an invasive diagnostic testing. 7) The chromosomal microarray test as an alternative to the conventional cytogenetic test is not recommended for all pregnant women who will undergo an invasive diagnostic testing. 8) Amniocentesis before 14 weeks of gestation is not recommended because it increases the risk of fetal loss and malformation. 9) CVS before 9 weeks of gestation is not recommended because it increases the risk of fetal loss and malformation. 10) Although the risk of fetal loss associated with invasive prenatal diagnostic testing (amniocentesis and CVS) may vary based on the proficiency of the operator, the risk of fetal loss due to invasive prenatal diagnostic testing is higher in twin pregnancies than in singleton pregnancies. 11) When a monochorionic twin is identified in early pregnancy and the growth and structure of both fetuses are consistent, an invasive prenatal diagnostic testing can be performed on one fetus alone. However, an invasive prenatal diagnostic testing is recommended for each fetus in cases of pregnancy conceived via in vitro fertilization, or in cases in which the growth of both fetuses differs, or in those in which at least one fetus has a structural abnormality. The guidelines were established and approved by the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences. This guideline is revised and presented every 5 years.

Nanowire Substrate-Based Laser Scanning Cytometry for Quantitation of Circulating Tumor Cells

Lee, Sang-Kwon,Kim, Gil-Sung,Wu, Yu,Kim, Dong-Joo,Lu, Yao,Kwak, Minsuk,Han, Lin,Hyung, Jung-Hwan,Seol, Jin-Kyeong,Sander, Chantal,Gonzalez, Anjelica,Li, Jie,Fan, Rong American Chemical Society 2012 Nano letters Vol.12 No.6

<P>We report on the development of a nanowire substrate-enabled laser scanning imaging cytometry for rare cell analysis in order to achieve quantitative, automated, and functional evaluation of circulating tumor cells. Immuno-functionalized nanowire arrays have been demonstrated as a superior material to capture rare cells from heterogeneous cell populations. The laser scanning cytometry method enables large-area, automated quantitation of captured cells and rapid evaluation of functional cellular parameters (e.g., size, shape, and signaling protein) at the single-cell level. This integrated platform was first tested for capture and quantitation of human lung carcinoma cells from a mixture of tumor cells and leukocytes. We further applied it to the analysis of rare tumor cells spiked in fresh human whole blood (several cells per mL) that emulate metastatic cancer patient blood and demonstrated the potential of this technology for analyzing circulating tumor cells in the clinical settings. Using a high-content image analysis algorithm, cellular morphometric parameters and fluorescence intensities can be rapidly quantitated in an automated, unbiased, and standardized manner. Together, this approach enables informative characterization of captured cells in situ and potentially allows for subclassification of circulating tumor cells, a key step toward the identification of true metastasis-initiating cells. Thus, this nanoenabled platform holds great potential for studying the biology of rare tumor cells and for differential diagnosis of cancer progression and metastasis.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2012/nalefd.2012.12.issue-6/nl2041707/production/images/medium/nl-2011-041707_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl2041707'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Synthesis and Characterization of Silicon/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites as Anodes for Lithium Secondary Batteries

Lee, Sang-Hoon,Kim, Yong-Jae,Nam, Ye-Seol,Park, Seong-Hyo,Lee, Hochun,Hyun, Yura,Lee, Chang-Seop American Scientific Publishers 2018 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.18 No.7

<P>Silicon (Si) is one of the most attractive anode materials for lithium secondary batteries because of its large theoretical capacity, high safety, low cost and environmental benignity. However, Si-based anode material needs to overcome the structural change of the solid-electrolyte interphase due to the large volume change during cycling. To resolve these problems of composites by exploiting the superior conductivity, large specific surface area and flexibility of graphene, we have synthesized reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Si composite electrode via a simple dip-coating method. Nickel foam is used as a current collector and template for the electrode fabrication. At 0.03 wt%, Si concentration, the rGO/Si composite anode presented the excellent cycle performance with large reversible capacity (778 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles). The characteristics of the rGO/Si composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The improved anode performance of the rGO/Si composite anode is ascribed to the rGO serving as a buffer layer, thereby preventing the volume expansion of Si nanoparticles, and provide facile electron pathways.</P>

Strategies to Multiply Elite Cow in Hanwoo Small Farm

Lee, Seung Hwan,Kim, Ui Hyung,Dang, Chang Gwan,Aditi, Sharma,Kim, Hyeong Cheul,Yeon, Seung Heum,Jeon, Gi Jun,Chang, Sun Sik,Oh, Sung Jong,Lee, Hak Kyo,Yang, Bo Suk,Kang, Hee Seol The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.2

The recent development in genetic assisted selection (combining traditional- and genome assisted selection method) and reproduction technologies will allow multiplying elite cow in Hanwoo small farm. This review describes the new context and corresponding needs for genome assisted selection schemes and how reproductive technologies can be incorporated to get more genetic gain for cow genetic improvement in Hanwoo. New improved massive phenotypes and pedigree information are being generated from commercial farm sector and these are allowing to do genetic evaluation using BLUP to get elite cows in Korea. Moreover cattle genome information can now be incorporated into breeding program. In this context, this review will discuss about combining the reproductive techniques (Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer; MOET) and genome assisted selection method to get more genetic gain in Hanwoo breeding program. Finally, how these technologies can be used for multiplication of elite cow in small farm was discussed.

The Changes of Steroid Receptors by Irradiation in rat Mammary Tumors

Lee, Myung Duk,Park, Jang Sang,Jung, Sang Seol,Koh, Yong Bok,Lee, Seong,Park, Cho Hyun,Kim, Dong Goo,Kim, Se Kyung,Kim, In Chul CATHOLIC MEDICAL CENTER 1986 Bulletin of the Clinical Research Institute Vol.14 No.1

To centralize the determining estrogen and progesterone receptor concentrations in metropolitan area which are essential to decide the therapeutic method in managing the breast cancer patients and to realize the changes of hormonal receptors after irradiation authors induced mammary tumors in female rats by single intragastric feeding of 20㎎ 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene(DMBA). The estrogen and progesterone receptor concentrations were estimated before and four weeks after irradiation using the dextran-coated charcol procedures and the tumor size was checked before and weekly after irradiation for 4 weeks. 1. Only one of the nine positives was changed into negative state in estrogen receptor concentration after irradiation without statistical significance. 2. The positive seven cases were changed into negative state in progesterone receptor concentration except one and statistically significant reduction was observed after irradiation. 3. The average tumor size of single irradiation group before irradiation was 11.45±4.49㎝^2 and changed to 5.55±2.88㎝^2 at irradiated 2 weeks, 0.89±0.36㎝^2 at irradiated 4 weeks. 4. The average size in divided dose group was 16.17±7.22㎝^2 and changed to 11.85±7.81㎝^2 firstly irradiated 2 weeks, 7.85±5.07㎝^2 at secondarily irradiated 2 weeks.

Polymorphisms in Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Genes Are Associated with Kidney Failure in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

Lee, Sang Ho,Ihm, Chun-Gyoo,Sohn, Seong Dong,Lee, Tae Won,Kim, Myung Jae,Koh, Gwangyo,Oh, Seung Joon,Woo, Jeong Taek,Kim, Sung Woon,Kim, Jin Woo,Kim, Young Seol,Lee, Byung Cheol,Kim, Seong Do,Cho, By KYUNG HEE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER 2005 고황의학상 수상논문집 Vol.21-22 No.-

Background/Aim: Cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of interleukin (IL)-1 cluster genes on diabetic nephropathy in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: We investigated -511 C/T polymorphism of IL-1β and tandem repeat polymorphism in intron 2 of IL-1 receptor antagonist in type 2 DM patients with end-stage kidney failure as compared with patients without nephropathy. Results: The IL1B2 allele was found more frequently in patients with kidney failure than in controls (57.4 vs. 46.1%, p<0.05). An excessive homozygous carriage of IL1B2 was found in patients with kidney failure when compared with controls (30.5 vs. 18.3%, p<0.05). The allelic frequency of IL1RN^(*)2 was also higher in cases than in controls without nephropathy (8.4 vs. 2.8%, p<0.05). The carriage rate of IL1RN^(*)2 was significantly associated with an increased risk of kidney failure (15.8 vs. 5.6%; OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.24-8.17). The risk of kidney failure was highest in those carrying both IL1RN^(*)2 and IL1B2 (OR 3.90, 95% CI 1.34-11.40). Conclusion: IL1B2 and IL1RN^(*)2 genotypes of the IL-1 cluster genes are associated with diabetic nephropathy in Korean patients with type 2 DM.

Successional Changes in Seed Banks in Abandoned Rice Fields in Gwangneung, Central Korea

Lee, Seon-Mi,Cho, Yong-Chan,Shin, Hyun-Chul,Oh, Woo-Seok,Seol, Eun-Sil,Park, Sung-Ae,Lee, Chang-Seok The Ecological Society of Korea 2008 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.31 No.4

In order to understand the role of seed banks for restoration, seed banks in abandoned rice fields in the Gwangneung National Arboretum, central Korea were investigated using the seedling emergence method. The study sites represented three stages: an initial stage dominated by forbs such as Persicaria thunbergii and Juncus effuses var. decipiens, a middle stage dominated by Salix, and a late stage dominated by Quercus aliena and Prunus padus (in nearby riparian forest chosen as a reference stand). DCA ordination arranged the stands according to the number of years since abandonment. CCA ordination identified the dominant environmental variables correlated most closely with Axes 1 and 2 as $Mg^{2+}$ (intraset correlation was 0.827) and $K^+$ (intraset correlation was -0.677), respectively. Species richness and diversity decreased from the initial stage (H'=2.61) to the middle (H'=1.79) and late (H'=0.75) stages. A total of 49 species $(/m^2)$ and 18,620 seedlings $(/m^2)$ emerged out of the seed bank samples. The DCA ordination and similarity analysis detected a large discrepancy between the composition of the actual vegetation and the seed bank. We conclude that the contribution of seed bank to restoration is low. However, seed bank may help the recovery of forbs after disturbance. Some of our results are consistent with the tolerance model of succession whereas others follow the trajectory of the facilitation model. More research on succession will be required to understand the underlying mechanisms.