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The Feminization of Poverty among the Elderly Population of Hong Kong
LEE, William KM Asian Center Women's Studies Korean Women's Instit 2001 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.7 No.3
This paper examines the feminization of poverty among the aged population in Hong Kong. Women are systemically disadvantaged wherever old age pension is linked to prior wages and contributions because, on average, they are paid less than men. They are also much more likely to have interrupted or part-time work histories, because of the predominance of women in care-giving roles within families. Consequently, women's pension benefits, compared to those of men in Hong Kong are predicated on smaller incomes and fewer years of formal service. In the light of the lower wages and interrupted work histories, this paper examines the newly implemented pension system and the Mandatory Provident Fund that discount women's unpaid work, and generate economic insecurity among elderly women.
이영호,김관수,이금노,김영희,이광민 대한산부인과학회 1993 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.36 No.9
본원 산부인과에서는 매우 드문 자궁 내임파간질성근증을 가진 환자에서 폐로 전이된 경우를 치험하였기에 간단한 문헌적 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Endolymphatic stromal myosis is a low-grade infiltrating asrcoma that occurs predominantly in premenopausal women, It arises from the endometrial stroma from adenomyosis or rarely from endometriosis It refers to lesions with infiltrative borders, especially involving lymphatics, but with fewer than 10 mitoses per 10 HPF Long-term survival is the rule, even with recurrent disease. A rare case of endolymphatic stromal myosis with metastasis to lung in a 48-year old woman is presented with a brief review of the literatures.
소집단 활동 중심 융복합수업에서 나타난 교사의 스캐폴딩 양상
유금복(Km-Bog Ryu),황세영(Se-Yeoung Huwang),이현주(Hyun-Joo Lee),이선경(Sun-Kyung Lee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.13
본 연구의 목적은 융복합교육 프로그램에서의 교사가 학생의 학습을 지원하는 양상, 즉, 교사의 스캐폴딩 양상을 분석하는데 있다. 융복합교육은 교수-학습 과정에서 특별한 전략을 필요로 하는 경우가 많은데 이는 학습자를 다양한 삶의 맥락에서 능동적이고 창의적 지식을 생산하는 주체로 상정하기 때문이다. 교사의 스캐폴딩은 수업 활동이 전개되는 동안 학습자와 상호작용하며 사회적 협의를 통해 공동의 목표를 수행하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다. 본 연구에는 2016년 1월 이루어진 소집단 활동 중심 융복합교육 캠프 과정을 녹화, 전사하여, 프로그램에서 나타난 교사의 스캐폴딩 양상을 일자별, 소집단별로 살펴보고, 융복합교육의 자율성, 가교성, 맥락성, 다양 성의 원리에 입각하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 전반적으로 프로그램이 진행됨에 따라 스캐폴딩의 빈도는 감소하였다. 융복합교육 프로그램 동안 가장 많이 나타난 교사의 스캐폴딩의 유형은 활동지식 제공과 정서적 지원이었으며, 주로 학습자의 참여를 독려하기 위한 전략으로 사용되었다. 소집단에 따라 특이적인 스캐폴딩 양상이 나타나기도 하였으며, 이는 소집단 구성원의 특성과 더불어 교수자의 특성이 반영된 것이기도 하였다. 이러한 분석 결과를 토대로 추후 융복합교육의 교사 전문성 함양을 위해 필요한 스캐폴딩 전략이 논의되었다. The aim of this study was to analyze the teachers’ scaffolding patterns in the Yungbokhap education program. Yungbokhap education requires a distinct teacher strategy in that it supposes learners as the knowledge producers in their own diverse life contexts. Teacher scaffolding is critical means for learners to achieve the common goal through interactions and social negotiations rather than to acquire knowledge from the teacher. This study tried to explore teachers’ scaffolding patterns in terms of the four principles of Yungbokhap education such as Autonomy, Bridgeability, Contextuality, and Diversity by analyzing the data from a program case which focused on small group work with a focus on the variance that occurred by time span and group dynamics. As a result, the frequency of teacher scaffolding decreased by time, and this could be interpreted that teachers tried to encourage students to understand the aims of the activities and to participate actively in the activities by presenting the method of activities. The most frequent scaffolding patterns were providing activity knowledge and emotional support, which were strategically used in order to encourage students’ participation. Overall, teachers’ scaffolding patterns were similar whereas difference occurred depending on learners’ and teachers’ own characteristics. Based on this result, the study discussed teacher scaffolding strategy which is necessary to ensure teacher professionalism on Yungbokhap education.
Policy and status of light pollution management in Korea
Cha, JS,Lee, JW,Lee, WS,Jung, JW,Lee, KM,Han, JS,Gu, JH SAGE Publications 2014 Lighting research & technology Vol.46 No.1
<P>Light pollution is emerging as one of the most rapidly increasing types of environmental degradation. Many localities have developed regulations to constrain the use of excessive light. Recently, the government of Korea has enacted and executed the ‘Light Pollution Prevention Act’ for the proper management of light pollution. This paper reviews the background and the main contents of the Act as well as the current status of light pollution in Korea. By this Act, a ‘Light Pollution Prevention Committee’ is established and the designation of environmental zones and the light emission standards for these zones are given. The contents of this study will be useful as a guideline for developing countries preparing light pollution management plans.</P>
생후 10개월 유아 질벽에 발생한 Sarcoma Botryoides의 1예
이수종(SJ Lee),노기문(KM No),이광홍(KH Lee) 대한산부인과학회 1961 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.4 No.3
본증예는 만 10개월의 유아에 발생한 원발성질육종으로 조직학적으로 Mesen chymoma Malignum라고 불리어 진다. 본예는 질벽의 부분척제와 종유의 척제로 일차치유 후 X광선심부치료를 200r/a만 받고 환자보호자의 협조결여로 중단한 예로 재발여부는 모른다.