시간지연을 갖는 적분 시스템의 PID 제어기 동조법

이윤형(Yun-Hyung Lee),안종갑(Jong-Kap Ahn),소명옥(Myung-Ok So),이준탁(Jun-Tack Lee) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2007 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

A simple tuning methods of PI, PD and PID controller are proposed for an integrating process with time delay. This is based on matching the coefficients of corresponding powers of s in the numerator and that in the denominator of the closed-loop transfer function. For set-point tracking problem, the derived controller is found to be a PD controller which is shown by Lee's tuning rule based on minimizing the performance indexes (lSE, IAE, ITAE) using a real-coded genetic algorithm. A method can be also proposed PI, PID controllers according to tuning parameter lambda (A) similar to IMC method. Simulation example is given to illustrate the set-point tracking performance of the proposed method.

요골동맥을 이용한 관동맥 조영술의 유용성

윤정한,이승환,이한요,김장영,김일회,최윤종,이형준,이명옥,김승년,황성오,홍인수,최경훈 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.10

7두의 개에서 배설성 요로조영술을 통한 신장 기능 평가

최윤정,이기자,최형준,이용진,박성준,송근호,정성목,최호정,이영원 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 動物醫科學硏究所 2005 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

Excretory urography is a type of contrast study used to verify and localize upper urinary tract disease. It is an inexpensive and easy way to visualize of anatomic and functional status of the kidney and has been used as a primary imaging modality for the evaluation of urinary tract abnormalities. We describe urological signs of 7 dogs who examined with excretory urography and ultrasonography. Six cases were referred to veterinary medical teaching hospital. Chungnam national university (VMTH, CNU) to evaluate renal function after the treatment for renal failure and one case was referred showing hematuria. In case 1, 2 and 4, blood test and urinalysis was normal and the results of excretory urography presented that renal function were normal range. In case 3, the results of urinalysis, ultrasonography, and excretory urography except blood test presented abnormal kidney and hydronephrosis was diagnosed. In case 5 and 6, blood test, urinalysis, ultrasonography and excretory urography indicated renal failure. In case 7, blood test, urinalysis and ultrasonography presented partially abnormal signs, however, the results of excretory urography was normal range.

진행성 위암에 동반된 위 칸디다증 1예

이두영,김성호,선제형,박진석,손존광,선홍주,이승,박찬국 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.2

Gastric candidiasis is an uncommon disorder. It is an opportunistic pathogen in immune compromised individuals, alcoholics, persons treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressive and chemotherapeutic agents. Besides, the use of drugs that reduce the gastric acid production may be a cause of gastric candidiasis. We experienced a case of gastric candidiasis following advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. A 85-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of epigastric soreness. Endoscopic findings revealed a large ulcero-infiltrating mass with yellow exudate at cardia of the stomach, which suggested an advanced gastric cancer. Endoscopic biopsy revealed spores and pseudohyphae infiltrating through the ulcerated stomach wall, diffuse infiltration of tumor cells and abortive tumor glands. After treatment with fluconazole 100 mg daily for 21 days, no evidence of the gastric candidiasis was seen on endoscopic biopsy and pathologic findings. The case is herein reported of gastric candidiasis following advanced gastric adenocarcinoma along with a review of corresponding literature.

Le Fort I 골절단술을 이용한 진구성 상악골 골절의 치험 2예

이재휘,박형식,권준호 大韓顎顔面成形外科學會 1989 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.11 No.1

This is a report of 2 cases on old maxilla fractures accompanied with sagittal palatal fracture and severe malocclusion. We treated them by using of classic Le Fort 1 osteotomy and modified Le Fort I osteotomy along the old fracture lines satisfactorily. The results obtained from treatment are as follows : 1. Careful examination and correct care on sagittal palatal fracture should be need during initial diagnosis and emergency care of maxilla fracture showed malocclusion. 2. Although early definite treatment of maxilla injuries is difficult due to major organ injuries associated with accident, the positive effort to induce normal occlusion is always necessary as soon as possible. 3. In the cases of malocclusion due to transverse discrepancy of maxillary dentition associated with injury as like as our cases, classic and modified Le Fort I osteotomy and rigid internal fixation were useful to correct occlusion, to ease operation and return normal functions early.

치아 이상의 발생 빈도와 양상에 관한 연구

이제호,손홍규,전승준,최형준 大韓小兒齒科學會 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

An object definition of the anomaly is not avaliable and most investigators define the term differently or fail to describe their criterion.Because dental anomaly may lead to many complications,early detection and diagnosis of dental anomalies are essential steps in the evaluation of the child patient and in treatment planning.These procedures require detailed medical and dental histories,through clinical examination and the use of radiographs.So,this study was designed to find out the prevalece of dental anomalies.The clinical and roentgenographic examination was undertaken for 8,054 children at age from 0 to 15 years and statistical analysis was done.The results were as follows: 1.Among the examined subjects 2,134 subjects(26.5%) showed dental anomalies.The prevalance of individure dental anomalies were as as follows:Supernumerary teeth 15.6% congenitally missing teeth 6.6%,fusion 2.2%,odontoma 0.35%,microdontia 1.2%,macrodotia 0.05%,gemination 0.22%,talon cusp 0.36%,dens evaginatus 0.24%,dens invaginatus 0.15%,dilaceration 0.27%,taurodontism 0.09%,abnormal tooth position 1.7%,natal $ neonatal teeth 0.92%,amelogenesis imperfecta 0.01%. 2.Significant correlations between the groups with individual dental anomalies were as follows:between groupⅠand other groups,there was nagative correlation,especially groupⅠ and groupⅡ.And the correlation coefficient between male and female showed differences. 3.For the supernumerary teeth group,the prevalence of male was higher than female(p<0.001).While for the congenitally missing teeth,macrodontia,microdontia,abnormal tooth position group,the prevalence of female was greater than male(p<0.001). 4.For the congenitally missing teeth group,the mandibular primary lateral incisor showed the highet incidence in primary dentition,while mandibular lateral incisor in permanent dentition.In the mandible(72.5%),this site showed higher prevelence than in maxilla.In this case with deciduous congenitally missing teeth,the prevelence of successive permanent congenitally missing teeth was about 33.9%,the incidence was highet in mandibular lateral incisors. 5.Most supernumerary teeth existed on middle area and showed inverted position and unerupted state.In addition,supernumerary teeth showed higher incidence on maxilla(99.3%). 6.In the case with deciduous fused teeth,the prevelence of successive permanent congenitally missing teeth was 39.9%,while that of successive permanent fused teeth was 2.7%.And the highet rate of the prevalence(40.3%) appeared in fusion of mandibular deciduous lateral incisor and canine. 7.In the case of odontoma,the prevelence was higher in maxilla(78.6%) and anterior region(82.7%) the mandible and posterior region.

응집제의 주입량 및 압력변화에 따른 여과특성

이성호,임택준,조준형 강원대학교 삼림과학연구소 2001 Journal of Forest Science Vol.17 No.-

제지공업은 다른 공업에 비해 용수 소비량이 많고 이에 따라 폐수의 배출량도 많은 용수 다소비 산업이다. 제지폐수의 처리는 물리적, 화학적, 처리로 1차 처리를 하고 생물학적 처리로 2차 처리를 한 후, 필요에 따라 고도처리를 행하여 재이용 하거나 방류하는 시스템으로 구성되어 있다. 물리적 처리 중 응집침전법에 의한 처리방법은 생물학적 처리의 전 단계로서 처리가 불량할 경우 생물학적 처리 시스템의 부하량이 높아져 처리율의 저하를 유발한다. 또한 가장 비용이 적게 드는 처리방법이므로 응집침전에서 많은 오염물을 제거하는 것이 비용 면에서도 유리하다고 할 수 있다. 제지공장의 폐수에는 Fiber, Filler, 그 밖의 유기용매가 포함되어 있으며, 폐수량이 많기 때문에 그 만큼의 설비자본과 운영비가 소요된다. 그러므로 폐수의 양을 줄이고 그 안에 함유된 여러 가지 물질들을 적은 비용으로 효율적으로 제거하는 방법이 필요하게 된다. 본 실험은 제지폐수를 보다 효율적으로 여과하는 방법을 찾고자 함에 있어 가압 여과시험을 채택하여 응집제의 종류 및 첨가량 그리고 압력의 변화를 주면서 여과의 특성 실험을 하였다. 폐수내의 섬유나 Filler 등은 미세하게 분산되어 콜로이드성 물질이 되는데 이것은 여과시에 여재 위에 쌓여 여과 조작을 방해한다. 여기에 응집제를 첨가하게 되면 분산된 콜로이드 입자를 응집제가 표면에 사슬처럼 붙어 안정화시킨다. 즉, 침전성과 여과성이 향상되고 SS가 떨어진다. 본실험에 사용된 응집제는 FeCl3, Alum, CaCl2, Polymer 이며, 네 가지 응집제를 0.01g, 0.03g, 0.05g 씩 첨가(폐수 100mL에 대해)하고 압력을 49, 98, 147, 196 kPa로 변화시키면서 실험을 하였다. 이와 같은 여러 변화의 실험을 통하여 각 단위 시간 별로 여과되는 여액량을 측정하여 여과 속도 및 탁도 등을 측정하였다. Compared to other industries, pulp and paper industry use a lot of water. As a result, a large amount of the waste water is discharged in the pulp and paper industry. This study was investigated to prevent the environmental pollution terribly faced with our society nowadays. In the waste water of pulp and paper there are so many things in the waste water, like fiber, filler, and other organic solvent etc. so we must remove them from our environment. This study was investigated to experiment on test of impressed filtration with the kind and quantity of coagulant and the variance of pressure. In this study, we used feds, alums, CaCl2, polymer as a coagulant and these pressure was 49, 98, 147, 196kpa. According to this study, we measured the speed of filtration and turbidity, measuring filtrated water. According to the values, we know the fact that as the consistency of coagulant and pressure were high, the filtration was good.Key words : Coagulant, wastewater, filtration, turbidity

상아질 접착제를 사용한 광중합 복합레진과 Glass lonomer Cement의 전단 결합력에 관한 연구

이제호,이종갑,권병렬,최형준 大韓小兒齒科學會 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength of composite resin using several dentin bonding agents and light cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji Ⅱ LC). 40 Bovine primary anterior teeth were used for this experiment.Labial surface of teeth were flattened.It were divided into four groups.Each group was composed of 10 teeth.The material used for this experiment were Scotchbond Multipurpose-Z-100,Allbond 2-Aelitefil,Gluma-Pekalux,light and cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji Ⅱ LC). Each of the materials was applied to the exposed surface of 10 teeth by insertion into a cylindrical shaped matrix which is 3mm diamiter and 3mm in height. The completed specimens were stored at 37℃ under 100% humidity for 24 hours:the shear bond strength of material to detin surface were measured with INSTRON universal testing machine. The results were as follows: 1.Shear bond strength to detin surface increased in oder of light cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji Ⅱ LC),Gluma,Allbond 2,Scotchbond Multipurpose. 2.Between shear bond strength of light cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji Ⅱ LC) and Allbond 2,there was statistical significace(P<0.05). 3.Between shear bond strength of light cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji Ⅱ LC) and Scotchbond Multipurpose,between shear bond strength of Gluma and Scotchbond Multipurpose,there was statistical significace(P<0.01). The shear bond strength of detin bonding agents were higher than light cured glass ionomer cement.The reason is that material and quality of detin bonding agent were enhanced.Further investigation is necessary to improve shear bond strength of light cured glass ionomer cement.

공기 정압 저어널 베이링에서 동강성 측정에 관한 실험적 연구

이종렬,이준석,이득우,김태형,박보선 한국공작기계학회 2001 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2001 No.-

This paper has been presented the dynamic effect by the journal speed, eccentricity and source positions in order to overcome the defects of air bearing such as low stiffness and damping coefficient. Choosing two row sources position of air bearing is different from previous investigations in the side of pressure distribution of air film by the wedge effects. An experimental study was performed to compare theoretical analysis. The dynamic stiffness was measured in actual cutting. It helps predicting of air spindle's characteristic in machining of die more precisely. The results of investigated characteristics was applied to air spindle for high speed milling.

잔존 봉합사에 의해 발생한 점액종

이제호,최병재,서원건,최형준 大韓小兒齒科學會 1999 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

점액종이란 소타액선 분비관의 폐쇄 또는 파열로 인한 타액의 저류로 나타나는 종창에 대한 임상적인 용어이다. 점액종은 조직학적으로 삼출형과 잔류낭종형으로 분류되어, 삼출형은 외상등으로 소타액선 분비관이 파열된 후 점액이 조직내로 유출되어 조직간격에 고여있는 상태이기 때문에 상피 피복을 볼 수 없고 낭종벽은 육아조직으로 둘러싸여있다. 그리고 잔류낭종형은 소타액선 분비관이 작은 타석에의해 폐쇄되거나 분비관 주위 반흔조직의 협착으로 발생하며 낭종강은 원주상피 또는 위중층 편평상피로 피개되어있다. 본 증례는 3년전 하순의 열창 치료를 위해 봉합된 후 발사되지 않은 silk 봉합사에 의해 발생한 점액종의 치험례로, 발사되지 않은 봉합사가 하순 소타액선의 분비관을 관통하여 파열시켜서 점액이 결체조직으로 유출되어 점액종이 발생하였다. Mucocele is clinical term used to describe swelling caused by the pooling of saliva at the site of a severed or obstructed minor salivary gland duct. Mucoceles are categorized into two subgroups, extravasation type and retention cyst type. The etiology of extravasation type mucocele is related to mechanical trauma to the minor salivary gland excretory duct, resulting in extravasation of mucus into the fibrous connective tissue so that a cystlike cavity is produced, but the epithelial lining is absent. Retention cyst type mucocele results from obstruction of minor salivary gland excretory duct, and cystic cavity is lined by epithelial cells. This case report presents a mucocele occurred on the lower lip, and caused by suture silk unremoved for 3 years. Suture silk penetrated and tore the minor salivary gland duct on the lower lip with subsequent extravasation of mucus into the fibrous connective tissue.