Family Origin Names and Haplotypes of Y - DNA in Korean Population

Kim, Jong Soon,Kim, Yung Jin,Ahn, Gwang Sook,Lee, Ju Won,You, Sun Ah 한국유전학회 1996 Genes & Genomics Vol.18 No.4

The use of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) has been proposed for the construction of a human genetic linkage map and also become a powerful tool in human population genetics. Human Y-chromosome which is haploid and paternally inherited is valuable for investigating male-mediated gene flow and for complement maternally based studies of mtDNA. We have studied 166 samples from 4 kinds of family origin names such as Kyungju Kim, Kimhae Kim, Chunju Lee and Milyang Park based on the 49aTaq 1 polymorphisms, and a total of 25 haplotypes were observed. The B, F, and I bands is observed in all haplotypes and haplotype showing A3, B, D2, D3, F, and I bands is common haplotype except for Chunju Lee. The result obtained are summarized as follows.

下道給代金 直接支給과 관련한 發注者의 契約管理 方案에 관한 硏究 : 判例硏究 및 法理分析을 중심으로 Focusing on Analyzing Case and Legal Theories

이종광,김용수 대한건축학회 2005 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize the legal conditions regarding direct payment to subcontractor con tamed in Article 14 of The Fair Trade Subcontract Transactions Act and Its Impacts While demonstrating the practical and theoretical matters, this study also suggests ways to improve the owner's contract management methods, which help the management reduce unnecessary claims and commercial disputes The literature research, case study, and legal theory analysis are adopted as research methods The primary results of the study are summarized as the following (1) The basic legal relationship among owner, contractor and subcontractor is maintained even when the owner's obligation for prime payment and contractor's obligation for subcontract payment is liquidated according to the legal framework of direct payment to subcontractor (2) When contractor's assets for relevant construction projects are confronted with the seizure (or provisional seizure) claim by the third party creditor, the claim is effective If it occurs before direct payment to subcontractor (3) An owner is not allowed to claim financial compensation from the assets designated for direct payment for contractor's defects liability and responsibility of damage compensation On the other hand, Contractor's debt to subcontractor - e g charge for discounting of a bill, overdue Interest-which has no concern with subcontract money is not comprised m the scope of the money of direct payment (4) In the pre-direct payment to subcontractor phase, it is appropriate for the owner to prevent direct payment to subcontractor because the alteration of the money flow based on the contractual relationship hinder the stabilization of the construction organization In a direct payment to subcontractor phase, however, the owner must manage a series of situations with regard to direct payment to subcontractor An owner must grasp the level of the credit and debt among contractor, subcontractor and contractor's third creditors, while defining the scope of the money of direct payment and the owner must prevent the money utilized for construction from leaking and make It flow into the construction organization

다산 정약용의 개혁적 관료역할론

이광종 청주대학교 국제협력연구원 2006 國際文化硏究 Vol.24 No.-

다산의 정치 · 행정이념은 공맹의 인애 · 인의사상에 바탕을 두면서 민본적 덕치 · 예치를 수단으로 왕도정치를 이상(理想)으로 생각하면서도 법치를 중요시 하였다. 그러나 통치자가 인민의 뜻에 어긋났을 때에는 과감하게 갈아세우는 것이 당연하다고 하는데 이는 맹자의 폭군방벌론이 지배층의 변동만을 상정한 것에 비하면 다산은 단순한 지배층의 변동만이 아닌 사회구조 전반에 걸친 변혁을 기도했다는 점에서 보다 근대적 요소가 강하다. 그의 정치 · 행정의 이념인 민생의 충분한 보장과 부국강병을 실현하기 위하여는 우선 신분이나 출신지역에 의한 차별없이 오직 능력본위로 인재를 등용함과 과학 · 기술의 발전을 가져옴으로써 농업 · 방직업등에 새로운 발전을 기약할 수 있기 때문에 정부와 관인(官人)들은 기술도입과 발전을 위하여 적극적으로 기여하는 역할을 하는 것에 대해 강조하였다. 당시는 산업의 중추가 농업이었기 때문에 농업에 많은 관심과 열정을 갖고 새로운 농기구를 도입 · 개량하여 농사일을 편리하게 하고 생산성을 높이는 문제와 농민들의 각종 부담을 경감해주어 그들의 후생을 돕는 문제, 농부들을 농업기술분야 전문인으로 유도해 관직에도 진출할 수 있게 하는 문제 등에 관인들의 재정적 · 능동적 지원을 매우 중요시 하였다. 또한 청렴이란 모든 관인의 근본이면서 모든 덕의 원천이라 하고 청렴하지 못하면 유능한 관인이 되기 어려울 뿐만 아니라 민중들로부터 도둑으로 지목받아 더럽다고 할 것이니, 얼마나 부끄러운 노릇이냐고 경계하였다. 청렴하자면 절약해야 하지만 절약과 동시에 빈약한 사람들에 공과사를 구별하여 정당하게 베푸는 방법도 권장하였다. 윗사람의 명령이 민심을 크게 자극하고 민생에 심한 피해가 생기는 경우에는 관직을 그만 둘 용기를 가지라고 한다. 이것이 관인이 위민하는 근본에 접근하는 것으로 보았다. 수령(守令)은 칠사(七事)에만 한정하지 말고 구민(救民)의 역할, 산업생산지원등의 역할을 다원화 · 전문화해야 한다는 것이다. 오늘날 공직사회에 일고 있는 일부 공무원의 각종 부정부패, 무사안인주의, 예산의 낭비 · 유용, 형식주의 문제 등의 해법에 다산이 강조하고 있는 정치행정인의 청렴성 · 민본위 이념, 문제해결에 혁신적인 합리적 사고(思考)와 역할관이 시대를 초월하여 앞으로도 높은 규범적 가치를 지니게 될 것임을 이 연구를 통하여 발견할 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to discuss the issues related to the innovative roles of bureaucrat proposed by Da San in the first half of 19th century. His political ideology has a connection with confucianism and Sil Hak. But when compared with confucianism, he had used a practical instrument system in policy implementation. Da San administrative principle also emphasized rationality. technical competence, economy, probity and supporting roles. He insisted that officials of public agency should be selected and placed on the basis of practical competence, not considerations such as social states and specific local area. His view of bureaucrat's roles for the betterment of people's life is obviously reflected in his writings and his exceptional sense of responsibility for the people's security and benefit is expressed in his many articles Da San had analyzed the roles of bureaucrats group in the formation and the execution of policy, stressing the right power exercised in particular policy area by the bureaucrats. In conclusion his democratic perspective on bureaucrat's role and the people that has had the most lasting influence on later scholars is considerable validity for the civil servants in modern Korea.

다산 정약용의 개혁적 관료역할론

이광종 청주대학교사회과학연구소 2005 한국사회과학연구 Vol.27 No.4

The purpose of this study is to discuss the issues related to the innovative roles of bureaucrat proposed by Da San in the first half of 19th century. His political ideology has a connection with confucianism and Sil Hak. But when compared with confucianism, he had used a practical instrument system in policy implementation. Da San administrative principle also emphasized rationality. technical competence, economy, probity and supporting roles. He insisted that officials of public agency should be selected and placed on the basis of practical competence, not considerations such as social states and specific local area. His view of bureaucrat's roles for the betterment of people's life is obviously reflected in his writings and his exceptional sense of responsibility for the people's security and benefit is expressed in his many articles Da San had analyzed the roles of bureaucrats group in the formation and the execution of policy, stressing the right power exercised in particular policy area by the bureaucrats. In conclusion his democratic perspective on bureaucrat's role and the people that has had the most lasting influence on later scholars is considerable validity for the civil servants in modern Korea. Key Words: Da San, Innovative roles, Probity, Responsibility, Technical competence.

Azathioprine에 반응을 보인 류마티양 관절염에 의한 경막염(Pachymeningitis)1예

배광봉,이정호,이정찬,곽상혁,강정현,김철희,김현수,김종숙,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

Rheumatoid arthritis frequently involves the cervical spine and may lead to neurologic impairement. However, direct involvement of CNS structures by inflammatory cells has been reported infrequently. The prevalence of this complication of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown. Inflammatory CNS involvement in rheumatoid arthritis reportedly occurs in the setting of longstanding, active, erosive articular disease and is accompanied by extracranial and extraspinal nodules and vasculitis. This is diagnosed by radiologic finding of CNS nodules or meningeal thickening and by biopsy or autopsy. Treatment with corticosteroid, cytotoxic agent or surgical decompression is helpful. But the majority of patients die within several months of onset of neurologic symptom. Recently, we experienced a case of pachymeningitis caused by rheumatoid arthritis, which resolved repeatedly with azathioprine treatment.

중증 재생불량성 빈혈 환자에서 신우신염에 대한 광범위항생제치료 중에 속발한 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 진균감염 1예

김철희,이정호,이정찬,강정현,곽상혁,배광봉,김현수,김종숙,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

Most patients with aplastic anemia who do not respond to immunosuppressive treatment or are not candidates for bone marrow transplantation die of infection or bleeding. The neutropenia in acute leukemia, aplastic anemia, or occurring subsequently to chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation increases susceptibility to infection. In general, the number of infectious episodes correlate with the degree and duration of neutropenia. Global immunosuppression produced by conditioning for bone marrow transplantation or graft-versus-host disease, is associated with unusual bacterial and fungal pathogens, or serious viral and protozoan infections. In addition, repeated treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics is associated with the emergence of resistant organisms and fungal diseases because of the altered microbial microenvironment of the host. The incidence of invasive fungal infection caused by Saccharomycetes eerevisiae in immunosuppressed patients is very rare, compared with that of infection by candida or aspcrgillus species. Cases of Saccharomycetes cerevisiae fungemia occurring in the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics are reported in patients with extensive burn or with prosthetic valve endocarditis. We experienced a case of urinary tract infection by Saccharomycetes cerevisiae in a 27-year old female patient with severe aplastic anemia. We report the case with a review of relevant literatures.

단기간의 저용량 Cytosine arabinoside 치료에 반응하였던 Down 증후군에 병발한 급성골수성백혈병 1례

김현수,이정호,이정찬,강정현,곽상혁,김철희,배광봉,김종숙,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

The incidence of hematologic disorders in patients with Down's syndrome is significantly increased, about 14∼30 - fold higher than in general population and includes neonatal transient abnormal myelopoieis and acute leukemias. The age of onset of leukemia in Down's syndrome is peaking first in the newborn period and then under 4 years of age. Down's syndrome with acute leukemia above the age of 20 is very rare and it's treatment oucome is unclear. The treatment of Down's syndrome with leukemia has been controversial because of toxicity and associated congenital cardiac and other abnormalities. But if treated adequately, children with Down's syndrome show a favorable response to anti-leukemia therapy. A 24-year-old man with Down's syndrome was first seen for the evaluation of anemia and thrombocytopenia. The peripheral blood morphology and bone marrow study revealed acute myelogenous leukemia, cytogenetic study of bone marrow showed trisomy 21. Beacuse of his sicioeconomic condition and medical abnormalities including deafness, visual loss, he was treated with low dose subcutaneous cytosine arabinoside(Ara-C) for 11 days. Complete remission was obtained after 37 days. The complete remission lasted for 5 months. He subsequently relapsed, and died 6 months later.

통풍성 관절염의 임상적 고찰

윤채중,정승문,김영학,김동규,허광식,김태원,배학연,정종훈,이승일,김평남 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1997 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.22 No.2

통풍은 Purine 대사의 이상으로 발생하는 질환으로, 고뇨산혈증인 사람의 전부가 통풍으로 발현되지 않고 증상의 출현 양상이 다양하여 진단과 치료에 주의가 필요하며, 조기에 적절한 조치를 한다면 충분히 조절이 가능한 질환이다. 본대학 내과학교실에서는 통풍으로 치료한 32명의 환자에서 임상양상, 병력과 검사소견을 분석하여 다음과 같음 결과를 얻었다. 1. 32명 모두 남자이며, 최초 발병 시기는 24세에서 72세로 평균 43.8±11.9세이었으며, 30대에서 40대까지가 19명(59.4%)으로 대부분을 차지하였다. 내원 당시 나이는 27세에서 75세까지로 평균 52.3±10.4세였으며, 내원시 까지 평균 유병기간은 8.5±6.8년으로 나타났다. 2. 동반 질환으로는 고지혈증 12례, 신장질환 10례, 고혈압 12례, 비만 8례, 당뇨 2례 등이었다. 3. 이환된 관절은 단관절 침범이 19례(59.4%), 다관절 침범이 13례 이었으며, 최초 이한된 관절은 족무지 중족골지골 관절로 19례(59.4%)로 가장 많았고, 통풍 결절은 20례(62.5%)에서 관찰되었으며, 유병기간이 10년 이상된 12례중 11례 (91.7%)에서 결절이 관찰되었다. 4. 평균 혈중 요산치는 9.17±1.75 ㎎/dl이었으며, 8.0 ㎎/dl에서 9.9 ㎎/dl 사이가 19명으로 전체의 59.4%를 차지하였다. Objective: The gout is a heterogeneous group of diseases resulting from tissue deposition of monosodium urate or uric acid crystals from extracellular fluids supersaturated with respect to this end product of human purine metabolism. The clinical manifestations are such as hyperuricemia, gouty arthritis, gouty nephropathy, uric acid nephrolithiasis. We analyze of clinical manifestations and associated factors in gout. Method: We have reviewed the medical records, radiologic findings and clinical results of thirty-two patients admitted at our department from April 1996 to July 1997. Result: 1) All patients were male. The mean age at initial attack was 43.8 years old, ranging from 24 to 72 years old. 2) The mean level of serum uric acid was 9.17mg/dl on admission. 3) The first metatarsopharyngeal joint was involved in 19 cases (59.4%). Tophus was observed in 20 cases (62.5%). 4) Hyperuricemia was associated with hypertension, obesity, nephrolithiasis and hyperlipidemia.

Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastric Subepithelial Tumors: A Single-Center Experience

Lee, Jin Sung,Kim, Gwang Ha,Park, Do Youn,Yoon, Jong Min,Kim, Tae Wook,Seo, Jong Hun,Lee, Bong Eun,Song, Geun Am Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 Gastroenterology Research and Practice Vol.2015 No.-

<P><I>Background and Aims</I>. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been accepted as a treatment modality for gastrointestinal epithelial tumors. Recently, ESD has been applied to resect subepithelial tumors (SETs) in the gastrointestinal tract, but clinical evidence on its efficacy and safety is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of ESD for gastric SETs and to assess possible predictive factors for incomplete resection. <I>Patients and Methods</I>. Between January 2006 and December 2013, a total of 49 patients with gastric SET underwent ESD at our hospital. Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients and SETs, therapeutic outcomes, complications, and follow-up outcomes were evaluated. <I>Results</I>. The overall rates of en bloc resection and complete resection were 88% (43/49) and 84% (43/49), respectively. Complete resection rates in tumors originating from the submucosal layer were significantly higher than those in tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer (90% versus 56%, <I>P</I> = 0.028). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, tumor location (upper third: odds ratio [OR] 12.639, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.087–146.996, <I>P</I> = 0.043) and layer of tumor origin (muscularis propria: OR 8.174, 95% CI 1.059–63.091, <I>P</I> = 0.044) were independently associated with incomplete resection. Procedure-related bleeding and perforation rates were both 4%. No recurrence was observed in patients with complete resection at a median follow-up period of 29 months (range: 7–83 months). <I>Conclusions</I>. ESD is an effective, safe, and feasible treatment for gastric SETs. The frequency of incomplete resection increases in tumors located in the upper third of the stomach and in those originating from the muscularis propria layer.</P>

Effect of Lateral Substituents on the Formation of Smectic Phases in Banana-Shaped Molecules

Lee, Jong Gwang,Gwon, Sun Sik,Liang-Chy Chien,Choi, E. Joon Korean Chemical Society 2000 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.21 No.11