Alternaria yunnanensis sp. nov., a New Alternaria Species Causing Foliage Spot of Rubber Tree in China

( Zhi-ying Cai ),( Yi-xian Liu ),( Yu-ping Shi ),( Li-ming Dai ),( Lan-lan Li ),( Hong-jun Mu ),( Mei-lin Lv ),( Xiao-yong Liu ) 한국균학회 2019 Mycobiology Vol.47 No.1

A new species of Alternaria causing leaf spots on the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) in Yunnan, China, was isolated, examined, and illustrated. Morphologically, it belongs to the section Porri of Alternaria, which produces relatively large conidia and a simple or branched, filamentous long beak. It is, however, characterized by conidiophores gradually enlarging near the apex into a clavate conidiogenous cell and long ellipsoid to obclavate, smoothwalled conidia with a long filamentous beak. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on ITS rDNA, GAPDH, and TEF1-alpha sequences demonstrate that the phytopathogen falls in the clade of the section Porri, being most closely related to A. sidae, A. sennae, A. deseriticola, A. cyamopsidis, A. rostellata, A. nitrimali, A. crassa, and A. thunbergiae.

New Insights into mTOR Signal Pathways in Ovarian-Related Diseases: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Ovarian Cancer

Liu, Ai Ling,Liao, Hong Qing,Li, Zhi Liang,Liu, Jun,Zhou, Cui Lan,Guo, Zi Fen,Xie, Hong Yan,Peng, Cui Ying Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.12

mTOR, the mammalian target of rapamycin, is a conserved serine/threonine kinase which belongs to the phosphatidyl-linositol kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family. It has two complexes called mTORC1 and mTORC2. It is well established that mTOR plays important roles in cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. Over-activation of the mTOR pathway is considered to have a relationship with the development of many types of diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and ovarian cancer (OC). mTOR pathway inhibitors, such as rapamycin and its derivatives, can directly or indirectly treat or relieve the symptoms of patients suffering from PCOS or OC. Moreover, mTOR inhibitors in combination with other chemical-molecular agents may have extraordinary efficacy. This paper will discuss links between mTOR signaling and PCOS and OC, and explore the mechanisms of mTOR inhibitors in treating these two diseases, with conclusions regarding the most effective therapeutic approaches.

Hydrogen sulfide inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli through oxidative damage

Liu-Hui Fu,Zeng-Zheng Wei,Kang-Di Hu,Lan-Ying Hu,Yan-Hong Li,Xiao-Yan Chen,Zhuo Han,Gai-Fang Yao,Hua Zhang 한국미생물학회 2018 The journal of microbiology Vol.56 No.4

Many studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is both detrimental and beneficial to animals and plants, whereas its effect on bacteria is not fully understood. Here, we report that H2S, released by sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), significantly inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies have shown that H2S treatment stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreases glutathione (GSH) levels in E. coli, resulting in lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. H2S also inhibits the antioxidative enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) and induces the response of the SoxRS and OxyR regulons in E. coli. Moreover, pretreatment with the antioxidant ascorbic acid (AsA) could effectively prevent H2S-induced toxicity in E. coli. Taken together, our results indicate that H2S exhibits an antibacterial effect on E. coli through oxidative damage and suggest a possible application for H2S in water and food processing.

Alterations in protein and amino acid metabolism in honeybees (Apis mellifera) fed different L-leucine diets during the larval stage

Lan-Ting Ma,Ying Wang,Weixing Zhang,HongfangWang,Zhenguo Liu,Baohua Xu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.3

L-Leucine is an important factor for growth and development in animals. However, very little is known about the nutritional role and physiological function of L-leucine in honeybees. In this study,we determined the effects of Lleucine supplementation on protein synthesis and amino acid balance in honeybee larvae. First instar larvaewere fed different L-leucine diets (6.45, 8.45 and 10.45 mg/g) during the entire larval stage. After the larvae egested urate crystals, we analyzed the protein and amino acid metabolism indexes in the larvae. There was little effect of L-leucine on larval body weight and body protein content, but the hemolymph protein concentrations were higher in 8.45 and 10.45 mg/g groups than 6.45 mg/g group. Compared to the 6.45 mg/g group, L-leucine significantly increased the contents of Ala, Leu, Lys and Met in 8.45 mg/g group and continued to be increased in 10.45 mg/g group. L-Leucine affected many TOR signaling pathway- and L-leucine metabolism-related genes, including tor, 4Ebp1, bcaat et al. Moreover, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities as well as the triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TCHO), uric acid (UA) and urea nitrogen (URER) contents in haemolymph were significantly different among treatments. These results suggested that many factors involved in the metabolism of L-leucine and larval hemolymph play important roles in honeybee protein synthesis and amino acid balance.

The role of outlet temperature of flue gas in organic Rankine cycle considering low temperature corrosion

Shuang-Ying Wu,Chun Li,Lan Xiao,You-Rong Li,Chao Liu 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.12

This paper gives a special focus on the role of outlet temperature of flue gas (Tgo) in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system for low temperatureflue gas waste heat recovery. The variations of performance indicators: net work (Wnet), exergy efficiency (ηex) and levelizedenergy cost (LEC) versus Tgo are discussed. Considering the corrosion of low temperature flue gas, the necessity and reasonability oflimiting Tgo at its minimum allowed discharge temperature (355.15 K) are analyzed. Results show that there exist optimal Tgo (Tgo,opt) forWnet and LEC, while Tgo,opt for ηex does not appear under the investigated range of Tgo. Moreover, the Tgo,opt for Wnet is always lower than355.15 K, the Tgo,opt for LEC, despite being greater than the one for Wnet, is just slightly higher than 355.15 K when the inlet temperatureof flue gas varies from 408.15 K to 463.15 K. For the waste heat recovery of low temperature flue gas, it is reasonable to fix Tgo at 355.15K if Wnet or LEC is selected as primary performance indicator under the pinch point temperature difference of evaporator (ΔTe) below 20K.

Exergo-economic analysis of finned tube for waste heat recovery including phase change heat transfer

Shuang-Ying Wu,Jing-Rui Jiu,Lan Xiao,You-Rong Li,Chao Liu,Jin-Liang Xu 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.11

In this paper, an exergo-economic criterion, i.e. the net profit per unit transferred heat load, is established from the perspective of exergy recovery to evaluate the performance of finned tube used in waste heat recovery. Also, the dimensionless exergy change number is introduced to investigate the effect of the flow (mechanical) exergy loss rate on the recovered thermal exergy. Selecting R245fa as a working fluid and exhaust flue gas as a heat source, the effects of the internal Reynolds number Rei, the external Reynolds number Reo, the unit cost of thermal exergy εq, the geometric parameter of finned tube ηoβ and the phase change temperature Tv etc. on the performance of finned tube are discussed in detail. The results show that the higher Tv and ηoβ, and lower Rei may lead to the negligible flow (mechanical) exergy loss rate. There exists an optimal value of Rei where the net profit per unit transferred heat load peaks, while the variations of Reo, εq and Tv cause monotonic change of the net profit per unit transferred heat load. The phase change temperature exerts relatively greater influence on the exergo-economic performance of finned tube in comparison with other parameters. And there exists a critical phase change temperature, where the net profit per unit transferred heat load is equal to zero.

Preliminary Study of the Liouduei Area Hakka Industry and Cultural Tourism Using Analytic Hierarchy Process Method

Chuang Lan-Ying,Liu Hui-Ling,Chen Jui-Ling,Kuo Shiunn-Der 세계문화관광학회 2011 Conference Proceedings Vol.12 No.-

Taiwan is an island of diverse ethnicities and each ethnic group has maintained its unique traditional industry and culture. The saying "Tung Flower in the North and Liouduei in the South" is commonly used to describe the Hakka communities in Taiwan. "Liouduei" is not an administrative district that could be found on the map. The term refers to the Kaohsiung and Pingtung Hakka settlement in Southern Taiwan. In recent years the Council for Hakka Affairs of the Executive Yuan and the local government has made significant efforts to cultivate and support local culture and industry development. They actively marketed the Hakka cultural industry internationally and connected the local Hakka industry with cultural tourism hoping to raise public awareness of Hakka culture and establish a sustainable Hakka industry in a long run. In this study key evaluation criteria and literature were collected and reviewed. And there were 5 evaluation component fields 16 evaluation criterion items drawn-up. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied to conduct the criteria evaluation analysis of the Liouduei area Hakka Industry and cultural tourism with the target groups including the municipal Hakka administrative agencies social organizations Hakka Industry Business and experts and scholars. The findings were summarized into a cohesive conclusion and the results of the analysis were provided for government agencies as future references for their work on the preservation of Hakka cultural tourism and promotion of Hakka industry. Overall the study suggested that the interviewees ranked "Product Quality Assurance"(0.303) as the most critical factor and ranked the "The Maintenance of Industry and Cultural "(0.299) as the second factor and "Government Subsidies and Promotion"(0.232) as the third factor and followed by "Economic Efficiency Improvement"(0.085) ranked as the fourth factor. Finally it ranked the "Hakka Industry Business Alliance" (0.081) as the fifth factor.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ is essential for secretion of ANP induced by prostaglandin D₂ in the beating rat atrium

Zhang, Ying,Li, Xiang,Liu, Li-Ping,Hong, Lan,Liu, Xia,Zhang, Bo,Wu, Cheng-Zhe,Cui, Xun The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.3

Prostaglandin $D_2$ ($PGD_2$) may act against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and play an anti-inflammatory role in the heart. Although the effect of $PGD_2$ in regulation of ANP secretion of the atrium was reported, the mechanisms involved are not clearly identified. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether $PGD_2$ can regulate ANP secretion in the isolated perfused beating rat atrium, and its underlying mechanisms. $PGD_2$ (0.1 to $10{\mu}M$) significantly increased atrial ANP secretion concomitantly with positive inotropy in a dose-dependent manner. Effects of $PGD_2$ on atrial ANP secretion and mechanical dynamics were abolished by AH-6809 ($1.0{\mu}M$) and AL-8810 ($1.0{\mu}M$), $PGD_2$ and prostaglandin $F2{\alpha}$ ($PGF2{\alpha}$) receptor antagonists, respectively. Moreover, $PGD_2$ clearly upregulated atrial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ($PPAR{\gamma}$) and the $PGD_2$ metabolite 15-deoxy-${\Delta}12$, 14-$PGJ_2$ (15d-$PGJ_2$, $0.1{\mu}M$) dramatically increased atrial ANP secretion. Increased ANP secretions induced by $PGD_2$ and 15d-$PGJ_2$ were completely blocked by the $PPAR{\gamma}$ antagonist GW9662 ($0.1{\mu}M$). PD98059 ($10.0{\mu}M$) and LY294002 ($1.0{\mu}M$), antagonists of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling, respectively, significantly attenuated the increase of atrial ANP secretion by $PGD_2$. These results indicated that $PGD_2$ stimulated atrial ANP secretion and promoted positive inotropy by activating $PPAR{\gamma}$ in beating rat atria. MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were each partially involved in regulating $PGD_2$-induced atrial ANP secretion.

Multi-depth three-dimensional image encryption based on the phase retrieval algorithm in the Fresnel and fractional Fourier transform domains

Piao, Mei-Lan,Liu, Zi-Xiong,Piao, Yan-Ling,Wu, Hui-Ying,Yu, Zhao,Kim, Nam The Optical Society 2018 Applied optics Vol.57 No.26

Study on Thermodynamics of Three Kinds of Benzindocarbocyanine Dyes in Aqueous Methanol Solution

Wei Huang,Lan-Ying Wang,Yi-Le Fu,Ji-Quan Liu,You-Ni Tao,Fang-Li Fan,Gao-Hong Zhai,Zhen-Yi Wen 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.3

Aggregation behavior of three kinds of benzindocarbocyanine dyes in aqueous methanol solution was studied by UV-Vis absorption spectrum. The results indicated that the three dyes all existed monomer-dimer equilibrium in aqueous methanol solution (concentration range 10−5 to 10−6 M) at 25.0~41.0 °C for Dye 1, 28.0~49.0 oC for Dye 2 and 26.0~47.0 °C for Dye 3. The fundamental property of the three dyes as the dimeric association constant KD, the dimeric free energy ΔGD, the dimeric entropy ΔSD, and the dimeric enthalpy ΔHD were determined. The ΔHD of three dyes: Dye 1, Dye 2 and Dye 3 was -42.5, -15.1 and -18.9 kJ/mol, respectively. The experimental observations were the subject of a theoretical study including the ground-state geometries which were fully optimized using DFT at B3LYP/6-31G level. The effect of dye molecule structure on ΔHD was discussed by theoretical calculations.