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Im, Kyungtaek,Kim, Jisu,Min, Hyeyoung The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.4
Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a heat-processed ginseng developed by the repeated steaming and air-drying of fresh ginseng. Compared with fresh ginseng, KRG has been shown to possess greater pharmacological activities and stability because of changes that occur in its chemical constituents during the steaming process. In addition to anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory activities, KRG and its purified components have also been shown to possess protective effects against microbial infections. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the properties of KRG and its components on infections with human pathogenic viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human herpes virus, hepatitis virus, norovirus, rotavirus, enterovirus, and coxsackievirus. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of KRG as an antiviral and vaccine adjuvant is discussed.
Antiviral activity of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 against murine gammaherpesvirus
Soowon Kang,Kyungtaek Im,Geon Kim,Hyeyoung Min 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4
Background: Ginsenosides are the major components of Panax ginseng Meyer, an herbal medicine used for the treatment of various diseases. Different ginsenosides contribute to the biological properties of ginseng, such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effects of 15 ginsenosides and compound K on gammaherpesvirus. Methods: The antiviral activity of ginsenosides was examined using the plaque-forming assay and by analyzing the expression of the lytic gene. Results: 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited the replication and proliferation of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68), and its half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) against MHV-68 was estimated to be 2.77 mM. In addition, 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced lytic replication of human gammaherpesvirus in the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV)-positive cell line BC3. Conclusion: Our results indicate that 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 can inhibit the replication of mouse and human gammaherpesviruses, and thus, has the potential to treat gammaherpesvirus infection.
Jahyun Yang,Kyungtaek Im,Juneyoung Lee,임상우 한국공업화학회 2009 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.15 No.5
Measurement of particles is crucial in wafer and photomask cleaning. In order to develop a simple method to quantify the number of particles on a semiconductor wafer, multiple internal reflection Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (MIR FT-IR) was used. The results using this measurement technique revealed that the number of polystyrene latex (PSL) particles deposited on a Si surface linearly increase with the concentration of PSL particles in deionized water. Furthermore, the ozonated deionized water (DIO3) process was superior to the sulfuric peroxide mixture (SPM) process in suppressing the deposition of PSL particles. Using this measurement technique in combination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements, the number of PSL spheres in a unit area could be estimated from the peak absorbance intensity of C–H2.
Macro and small over micro: macromolecules and small molecules that regulate microRNAs.
Kang, Soowon,Im, Kyungtaek,Baek, Jihae,Yoon, Sungroh,Min, Hyeyoung Wiley-VCH Verlag 2014 Chembiochem Vol. No.
<P>Given the correlation between the deregulation of specific miRNAs and disease onset, it is critical to identify miRNA regulators that effectively control miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of target diseases. This review provides the latest update on oligonucleotide- and small-molecule-based miRNA regulators, and discusses assays developed to screen for small-molecule regulators.</P>
Antiviral activity of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 against murine gammaherpesvirus
Kang, Soowon,Im, Kyungtaek,Kim, Geon,Min, Hyeyoung The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4
Background: Ginsenosides are the major components of Panax ginseng Meyer, an herbal medicine used for the treatment of various diseases. Different ginsenosides contribute to the biological properties of ginseng, such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effects of 15 ginsenosides and compound K on gammaherpesvirus. Methods: The antiviral activity of ginsenosides was examined using the plaque-forming assay and by analyzing the expression of the lytic gene. Results: 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited the replication and proliferation of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68), and its half-maximal inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50} $) against MHV-68 was estimated to be $2.77{\mu}M$. In addition, 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced lytic replication of human gammaherpesvirus in the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-positive cell line BC3. Conclusion: Our results indicate that 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 can inhibit the replication of mouse and human gammaherpesviruses, and thus, has the potential to treat gammaherpesvirus infection.
Effects of ginsenosides on regulatory T cell differentiation
Kim, Jisu,Byeon, Hyeyoung,Im, Kyungtaek,Min, Hyeyoung 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1
Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are a subpopulation of T cells defined as $CD4^+Foxp3^+CD25^+$. They mainly function as immunosuppressive T cells by downregulating the induction and proliferation of effector T cells, but also modulate the immune system by maintaining self-tolerance and preventing autoimmune disease. In this study, the regulatory roles of ginsenosides, one of the active components in ginseng, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, in Treg cell differentiation were examined. The results demonstrated that ginsenoside Rd induced Treg differentiation by upregulating Foxp3 expression and increased the generation of $TGF-{\beta}1$, IL-10 and IL-35. The data suggest that ginsenoside Rd may be a potential immunomodulating agent or supplement that can be applied for transplantation and autoimmune disorders.