Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease; subgroup analysis for causes, risk factors for mortality rate, and steroid responsiveness

( Seung Hyun Yong ),( Ah Young Leem ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Kyung Soo Chung ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Young Ae Kang ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Joon Chang ),( Moo Suk Park ),( Hye Jin Jang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Background: Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) has known as a poor prognosis disease, particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Corticosteroid is widely used for treatment of acute exacerbation (AE)-ILD. This study aims to clarify efficacy of corticosteroid use, and compare the mortality rate depending on the subgroups of ILD. Materials and Methods: We collected the data from the patients who have diagnosed ILD and visited emergency room (ER) with the respiratory symptoms from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. We classified AE-ILD patients into 3 groups depending on methylprednisolone dose per kilogram. Also, we compared the mortality of IPF patients to that of non-IPF patients. Results: A total case of AE-ILD visited ER from 2016 to 2018 was 209 cases, including IPF cases (n=122) and non-IPF cases (n=87). We divided total patients (n=209) into three groups depending on steroid use, and these include group 1 of 0-0.49 mg/kg (n=78), group 2 of 0.5-0.99 mg/kg (n=58), and above 1.0 mg/kg (n=41), each. We found poor prognosis from the cases of IPF compared to non-IPF cases (p=0.029, OR 2.463). Furthermore, there was significant differences of mortality rate according to steroid dose (p=0.036, OR 1.712), CRP elevation (p=0.016, OR 1.004), and intubated case (p=0.000, OR 8.152). Also, we categorized IPF (n=122) to non-IPF cases (n=87) and analyzed the mortality rate. Most of the patients were death from ILD itself (n=23, 63.9%), Pneumonia(n=8, 22.2%), and Lung cancer (n=5, 13.9%). Bacterial infection (n=26) was dominant cause of AE, followed by fungal infection (n=15), and viral infection (n=10). Conclusions: This retrospective analysis of corticosteroid treatment shows more fatal outcome when we use high dose steroid in AE-ILD cases, and there was significant difference in mortality rate depending on the subgroup of ILD and medical background, such as intubation status, higher CRP level, and IPF cases.

정토신앙 공동체와 향가

박애경 延世大學校 文科大學 2008 人文科學 Vol.88 No.-

이 글은 신라 향가의 발전과정을 신라 사회 불교 공동체의 동향과 관련하여 살피고자 시작되었다. 다른 시가 장르의 발생과 마찬가지로 향가 역시 민간의 노래에 기원을 두고 있지만, 장르적 정체성을 완성하는 과정에서 신앙의 집단적 표현과 의례를 위한 불교적 성격의 노래로 정착하게 되었다. 대승불교가 주를 이룬 신라사회에서는 승려와 신도가 신행을 수행하기 위한 다양한 형태의 불교공동체가 만들어졌다. 특히 신라 중대 이후 신라사회에 광범위하게 자리잡은 정토신앙은 상 · 하층을 아우르는 신앙으로 광범위하게 자리잡게 되었다. 내세를 위한 정토신앙의 신행법으로는 고도의 수행법과 함께 향가와 염불 같은 보다 대중적인 방식이 장려되었다. 이글에서는 향가가 정토신앙 공동체의 신행에 개입하는 방식을 크게 선업형, 수도형, 절속형으로 나눠 살피고 이들의 신행이 향가와 관련 기록에 구현되는 방식을 살펴보았다. 이러한 공동체의 유형은 기본적으로 사대대중의종교적 근기에 따라 나뉜다. 이 글에서는 그 외에 각각의 정토신앙 공동체가 각각 신라의 상대, 중대, 하대의 신행을 대표하는 방식이라는 점을 주시하고자 하였다. The main purpose of this paper is to inquire the process of the development of Hyangga with a relation to the Buddhist communists in the Shinla Dynasty. Like any other genres of Korean classical songs and poetry Hyangga has originated from the folk songs. In the process of forming the style, Hyangga has been rooted on the Buddhist community as a song for propagation of religion and ritual. The majority of Buddhist communists in the Shinla Dynasty were the communists for the Pure Land Faith, which showed the speciality of Mahayana Buddhism in that period. Among the believers who pursued the Pure Land, Hyangga was enjoyed as a way of ascetic exercises or religious confession. This paper categorized the types of Buddhlst communists shown in Hyangga and following prose writings into three parts; the type of good deed, ascetic exercise and supermundane. Basically each type of community could be differentiated by the religious perseverance of ascetics. This paper calls the question each type of community shows the representative way of ascetic exercise in each period of the Shinla Dynasty.

사회극화놀이의 효과와 지도방법에 관한 연구

박경애,서영숙 숙명여자대학교 생활과학연구소 1993 生活科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sociodramatic play training on children's learning readiness development and to find effective teaching strategies of sociodramatic play for 4∼5 year-olders. The subjects were 30 children attending a full time day care center. They were divided into experiment group and control one according to their age, sex, and IQ scores. Experiment group had 12 sociodramatic play training sessions. There training sessions were held in a week and each session took about one hour. The test used in this study was Developmental Test of Learning Readiness for Preschoolers developed by KEDI(1987), and t-test was used for the analysis of data. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Experiment group was improved significantly more than control group in the total score of learning readiness development test. 2. Experiment group was improved significantly more than control group in the scores of motor coordination area and in the comprehension area. 3. Children showed preference for particular social roles such as doctor or buyer. The more training sessions were, the more spontaneous were children. Older children showed more leadership than younger ones in sociodramatic play. As play session proceded, children became involved into play more quickly and actively. Teacher's affective intervention brought positive effects on children's active participation. Summary and discussion were followed.

사설시조의 여성화자와 여성 섹슈얼리티

박애경 한국여성문학학회 2000 여성문학연구 Vol.3 No.-

사설시조에는 여성화자가 주도하는 성담론이 두드러지게 나타나고 있다. 이 글은 여성화자의 성담론이 당대 현실과 관계 맺는 양상을 살피기 위해, 여성화자의 존재양상을 정황에 따라 나누어 살펴보고, 여기에 나타나는 발화 방식과 태도를 점검해 보았다. 여성화자의 성담론에는 훼손된 성을 드러내는 비교적 균일한 목소리도 간혹 드러나지만, 대개 간통, 성에 편향된 자아를 고백하는 분열된 목소리가 압도적으로 나타나고 있다. 어조의 분열은 시점의 불일치, 비현실적 상황 설정, 화자와 논평자의 분리로 가시화되고 있다. 이것은 사설시조에 나타난 여성화자와 실질적 발화의 주체와의 분리를 의미한다. 이 글은 이러한 문제 의식에서 출발하여 사설시조에 나타난 여성화자가 실은 기방 등 남성이 주도하는 유흥 공간에서 성욕을 대리 체험하고 대리 진술하는 욕망의 투사체로 기능하고 있음을 살펴보았다. 이 순간 여성화자는 남성의 일탈적 욕망의 대상으로 혹은 희화화된 ‘관음’의 대상으로 고정화되고 만다. 이는 사설시조의 여성화자가 적극적 태도, 도발적 포즈에도 불구하고 ‘타자성’에서 벗어나지 못했다는 의미로 해석할 수 있을 것이다. Sasul-Sijo is censuring in many aspects. In this study, I focused female narrator and its discourse of sexuality in Sasul-Sijo. Sexuality is the main process to understand the esthetic value of Sasul-Sijo, is known as being coincident with irregular form of this genre. Female narrator in Sasul-Sijo is escaping from the 'Model of the woman' that is restricted notion of Middle Ages. They express sexual desire, sexual experience and illicit love without hesitation. To make clear the meaning of female narrator and its discourse, I examined the aspects of discourse including tone and poetic circumstances, being related with reality at that time, and then was revealed its discord of tone, lack of unity. It is to say that the female narrator is not consistent with the real subject of speaking. It is the man who control the sexual discourse of female narrator. Therefore, we can conclude that female narrator is not the provision of expressing the desire and emotion of woman but the projection of man's sexual desire something like deviating. Female narrator is showed as the subject of expressing sexual desire and experience in place of man, sometimes the object of ridicule. And the characteristic of female narrator in Sasul-sijo is consistent with the image of Kisaeng. It means that however active on the surface, female narrator in Sasul-Sijo is not free from the meaning of the 'object'.

韓國飮食에 대한 女高生의 意識과 嗜好에 關한 調査硏究 : 光州ㆍ全南地域을 中心으로

박미섬,김경애 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1991 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.3 No.-

The consciousness and food preference of Korean foods by high school girls in Kwangju city and Chonnam area was survery by questionnaire. The resutls were as follows; 1. Although the cooking methods of Korean foods were scientific (63.8%), they have to be improved because of complication and diffeculty. The point of improvement in the urban area was cooing method but that in the rural area was nutrition and hygiene 2. The motives of having interest in korean tradition foods were through home life and school education, mass communication and ets. As the subjects live in more urban area and have high income level, they were affected by school education and mass communication. 3. They are used to eat both traditional and nontraitional foods on the korean festive days and annual functions. There is tendency to decrease the use of traditional foods gradually because of complicated their cooking methods and long cooking time. 4. Most houehold responded that Korean traditional food are must to succession development (52.9%), because of succeed to korean diet culture and suit one's taste. Teh most pride of traitional food are kimchi, rice cake, sweet rice drink, persimmon punch, sweet waxy rice cooked potherbs. 5. The preferenc about the korean foods were high in this order of chopusey, mandu, laver, shikhae, cooked waxy rice. And they were low in salted anchovies salted yellow convina liver cheon, lyster cheon.

Antenatal Treatment of Ambroxol Hydrochloride and Dexamethasone for the Prevention of Respiratory Distress Syndrome

박은애,이경은 이화여자대학교 이과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

연구목적: 미숙아에 대한 치료 한계가 점점 어린 연령, 적은 체중으로 햐향되면서 미숙아에서 발생하는 호흡곤란증(respiratory distress syndrome)은 출생 후 치료 뿐만 아니라 출생 전 예방에 더 많은 관심을 가지게 되었다 이에 본 저자는 산전 ambroxol hydrochloride와 dexamethasone치료가 미숙아 호흡곤란증 예방과 신생아 감염에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 본연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 조기 진통으로 미숙아를 분만하게 되는 101명의 산모에서 무작위로 ambroxol hydrochloride와 dexamethasone을 투여하였다. 이들에서 분만 된 113명의 신생아가 연구에 포함되었으며, 이들 환아를 대상으로 뇌실 내 출혈 및 신생아 감염의 빈도에 대한 평가도 이루어졌다. 결과: 대상 환아의 두 군간에 평균 재태연령, 출생시 체중, 조기양막파수의 빈도, 아프가 점수 등의 차이는 없었다. Ambroxol투여군에서 호흡곤란증후군의 발생 빈도가 20.6%로 dexamethasone군의 38%에 비해 낮았으나 통계적 의의는 없었다(p>0.05). 또한 인공 폐포 활성물질의 투여를 요구하는 중증의 호흡곤란증후군 빈도가 인공호읍기, 산소 치료, 입원 기간도 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 신생아 감염의 경우 ambroxol 투여군에서 4.8%로 dexamethasone군의 24%에 비해 의미있게 낮았다(p<0.05). 결론: Ambroxol hydrochloride의 산전 치료 효과는 미숙아 호흡곤란증의 예방에는 dexamethasone과 비슷한 효과를 보였으며, 신생아 감염에서는 더 낮은 감염률을 보였다.

대전 충남지역 국민학교의 학교급식 실태에 관한 조사

박영숙,이경애,김연순 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.1 No.1

The foodservice management of school-lunch program was studied to certify the fulfillment of it's objectives. One hundred thirtheen primary schools in Taejon and Chungnam province were participated in our survey. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Average cost per meal for each student was 772 won, that was less in central kitchen system. Productivity in terms of meals per worker was also higher in centralized kitchen system. 2. The menu was mostly planned weekly and not cyclic. 3. The dietitian's work covered all 5 parts of material handling duties in conventional system which were described in the school-lunch program laws. However it was mainly concentrated on 2 parts of the food purchase order and of the inspection of delivered foods in co-management and central kitchen systems. 4. Our results indicated that nutrition education in school-lunch program especially in co-management and central kitchen systems was almost neglected. It was stressed that school-lunch program should be extended without omitting its objectives especially nutrition education, which is important for the young.

화학적으로 유도한 랫드 간세포 암화과정에서 단백질 식이가 생체막 안정도와 glutathione 의존성 효소계에 미치는 영향

박경애 가야대학교 2001 가야대학교 논문집 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of dietary proteins on the membrane stability and drug-metabolizing enzyme activities during chemically induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were fed the diet containing 20% casein or soy protein isolate and 15% beef tallow for 10 weeks. Hepatocarcinogensis was initiated with diethylnitrosamine(DEN), and the rats were fed diets containing 0.02% 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) followed by 0.05% phenobarbital (PB). Relative liver weights were significantly increased by AAF and PB treatment in rats. Glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activities, an index of membrane stability, were not influenced by AAF and PB treatment, but were higher in soy protein diet compared to casein diet groups treated with carcinogen. Lipid peroxide values also were increased by AAF and PB treatment and were higher in soy protein diet compared to casein diet groups. NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activity were significantly increased by AAF and PB treatment in casein diet group and aniline hydroxylase activities were increased by AAF and PB treatment. Glutathione S-transferase enzyme activities were increased by AAF and PB and higher in soy protein diet compared to casein diet groups treated with carcinogen. Glutathione peroxidase and g1utathione reductase were influenced by AAF and PB. Our results suggest that soy protein maintain the membrane stability and influence the glutathione S-transferase during chemically induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Soy protein may be protective against the stage of promotion of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by chemical carcinogen. KEY WORD ; glutathione S-transferase, hepatocarcinogenesis, membrane stability, soy protein.

한국 노인의 특성에 따른 맛 감지 능력의 차이에 관한 연구

박경애,이희주,박명숙,이정희,전상은,김종성,최스미 대한노인병학회 2002 대한노인병학회지 Vol.6 No.4

급성 췌장염의 합병이 추정되는 한국형 출혈열 1예

박영수,김창오,김영근,홍성관,장경희,허애정,염준섭,송영구,김준명 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.5

The Korean hemorrhagic fever (KHF) is an acute febrile disease with characteristic of fever, bleeding tendency, and renal failure. There are many complications of Korean hemorrhagic fever such as infection, anemia, internal bleeding, hypopituitarism, respiratory, and neurologic complication. A few cases were reported on acute pancreatitis with hemorrhagic fever abroad, but there was no case about Korean hemorrhagic fever with acute pancreatitis in this country. We experienced a case of Korean hemorrhagic fever associated with suspected acute pancreatits. With review of articles, we report a case of 51 year-old woman with KHF, where acute pancreatitis developed during management, (Korean J Infect Dis 33:376∼379, 2001)