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Chiral Separation of (±)-Higenamine by Capillary Electophoresis
Choi,One-Kyun,Jung,Kyo-Soon,Choi,Heisook-Yun,Yang,Deok-Chun 한국자원식물학회 2003 Plant Resources Vol.6 No.1
Higenamine [1-(4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydroxy-l, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline) is a cardiotonic constituent of Aconiti tuber, one of the most widely prescribed oriental medicines. S-(-)higenamine was reported to have a stronger cardiotonic activity than R-(+)-higenamine and known as a central intermediate in the biosynthesis of various benzyl isoquionoline alkaloids in plants. The separation of higenamine enantiomers has been accomplished with capillary electrophoresis using cyclodextrins (CDs) as chiral selectors. Good resolution of this enantiomers was obtained using a 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer containing hydroxypropyl β-CDs using 27 cm fused silica capillary (50㎛ i.d., 20 cm to detector) at 25℃. With the electric field of 340 V/cm, the separation time of higenamine enantiomers was less than 6 min. Under this optimum conditions, the relative standard deviations of migration time and peak area were less than 1.6% and 3.2%. A 512-channel diode array detector was confirmed for the higenamine. The detection limits (S/N = 3) of these enantiomers are 1.5mutextrmm/mL. We confirmed the chiral form of higenamine in medicinal plants.
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Choi,One-Kyun,Kim,Yong-Seong,Yu,Hye-Kyoung,Lee,Chan,Bang,Hyo-Pil,Yang,Deok-Chun,Kim,Young-Kee 한국자원식물학회 2003 Plant Resources Vol.6 No.1
In this study, as preliminary research for the development of natural estrogen supplement the chemical properties of Iranian black pomegranate juice concentrate and seeds were evaluated. Proximate compositions of pomegranate juice concentrate and seeds were as follows; crude lipid 0.4% and 8.2%, moisture 39.9% and 6.6%, crude protein 0.9% and 12.2%, ash 1.4% and 1.7%, and carbohydrate 42.0% and 84.5% respectively. Major amino acids are glutamic acid (1310.0ppm) and aspartic acid (896.2ppm) in juice concentrate, and glycine (611.1ppm) and arginin (401.6ppm) in seeds. Ascorbic acid has the highest concentration of 20.0mg/l00g in juice concentrate and 0.23mg/l00 in seeds. The compositions of unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid were higher than those of saturated fatty acids such as stearic palmitic acid. Major minerals were potassium, calcium and sodium, potassium was highest in both juice concentrate and seeds. Vitamins were composed of ascorbic acid (20.0mg/l00g), vitamin B$_1$ 수식 이미지(0.12mg/100g) and niacin (0.80mg/l00g) in juice concentrate, and only ascorbic acid(0.23mg/l00g) in seeds. Organic acids such as citric and L-malic acid were detected only in pomegranate juice concentrate. The contents of total polyphenols were 4.55g/L in juice concentrate and 3.5mg/l00g in seeds, respectively. Phytoestrogens detected in pomegranate juice concentrate and seeds were daidzein, quercetin, genistein and 17β-estradiol.
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희곡의 한 형태로서 희극 : 주로 Shakespearean Comedy를 중심으로 Chiefly on Shakespearean Comedy
崔京蘭 단국대학교 1983 論文集 Vol.17 No.-
Division of Shakespeare's plays into comedies, tragedies, and histories is somewhat arbitrary, for Shakespeare himself did not make the division we observe today. First of all, it is very difficult to define the meaning of comedy. Most definitions of comedy go back to Aristotle's Poetics. Since Aristotle we have been accustomed to think of comedy as drama concerned with the ridiculous in human nature and ending happily; of tragedy as drama of man's nobility, ending unhappily. But a story beginning in sadness and ending in happiness can hardly be an adequate essential quality of Shakespearean comedy. Shakespearean comedy is an Elizabethan type of comedy. However, it differs from Elizabethan drama. It is commonplace to speak of the different kinds of Shakespearean comedy. Shakespeare comedy is usually divided into four categories-early comedies, festive comedies, dark comedies, and romances. Each of these categories has its own characteristics. Especially Shakespeare's two plays, All's Well That Ends Well and Measure for Measure, are called 'dark comedies' or 'problem plays'. The lovers in these two plays do not show as much delight as the lovers in the earlier comedies. However, the plays end well as a result of skillful planning called 'bed-trick', and those characters who had hated each other are reconciled. The impression that remains, however, is one of sadness and disillusionment. Shakespeare's last plays written between 1608 and 1611 Cymbeline, Pericles, The winter's Tale, and The Tempest are called romances by critics. These plays are concerned with wonderful actions that cover a long period and are full of findings as well as losses, reconciliation and forgiveness. The dominant motif in these four plays is the restoration of losses.
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최경숙 釜山 外國語 大學校 1995 外大論叢 Vol.13 No.1
From many publications in the Daehan Empire age we find leading editorials for the salvation of the country. In the editorials they longed for sovereign independence, and enlightened democratic rights and development of edueation. As we examine the policies and the economic reform arguments of The Independence, The Hwangseong, and The Daehanmail Newspapers, we see how they recognized and would have reformed the political, scial, and economic contradictions. The results from this study are as follows. First, the ethnographical newspapers (ENP) in the Daehan Empire age tried to find cause of underdeveloped industry in Korea in the feudal system. Second, as a specific device for development in industry the ENP suggested the establishment of capitalistic companies. Third, as the main cause of impeding the development in commerce and industry the ENP indicated that feudalism's way of thinking layed stress on ostentation rather than on substance. Fourth, though the ENP indicated the problems in feudalism's way of thinking, they did not fully recognize the weaknesses in feudalism's economic system. Fifth, as the cause of peasants' poverity, the ENP especially failed to notice the feudal landowner and land plundering system. Insteed they poverty was the result of the peasants' ignorance. Sixth, the ENP emphasized the sublation of feual value system on the one hand, but did not concern itself with changeing the feudal economic system on the other hand. Seventh, the ENP desired the capitalistic system, but did not recognize the contradiction between national capitalism and imperialism. Instead they encouraged wrongly imperialist invasion to develope the country in some aspects.
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