춘천(春川) 사마소(司馬所)와 사마안(司馬案) 연구(硏究)

정순교 ( Jung Soon-kyo ) 강원사학회 2021 江原史學 Vol.- No.36

사마소는 司馬試에 합격한 생원, 진사들이 모인 장소이며, 이곳에서 결성한 계모임이 사마계이다. 또한 여기에 모인 생원, 진사들의 명단을 작성한 것이 司馬案이라 부른다. 춘천에는 『司馬稧座目』, 『司馬所先生案』이 현전해 사마소의 운영이 확인된다. 춘천 거주 입격자는 15세기 이후 꾸준히 증가하였으며, 이에 따라 사마소 건립이 논의된 것으로 보인다. 1604년에 한성 출신인 원사열과 최순경이 춘천 사마소를 설립했다고 기록되어 있는데, 춘천 거주자와 다른 지역 입격자의 참여로 사마소를 세운 것을 알 수 있다. 이어서 호란 이후에 1655년에 강회를 시작했고, 1799년에는 문소각에서 새로운 강신이 열렸다. 그리고 새롭게 홍언철이 『사마소선생안』을 편찬하였다. 『사마소선생안』에는 19세기 말까지 계속해서 인물들이 등재되다가 1894년을 마지막으로 등재되지 않았으며, 사마계에서 입격자 수를 보면 전주 이씨가 54명, 풍양 조씨 30명, 경주 이씨 20명의 순이다. 춘천 『사마소선생안』에 등재된 전주 이씨, 남양 홍씨, 풍양 조씨, 경주 이씨와 같은 춘천 재지 사족들을 거주지별로 분석해보면 한성과 춘천 거주자가 섞여 있으며, 혈연으로 연결되어 있다는 공통점이 있다. 또한 점차 후손으로 갈수록 춘천 거주자가 비중이 높아지는 것을 볼 수 있다. 이는 춘천 사마계 등재 사족들의 특징으로 볼 수 있다. 춘천 사마계 입록 기준을 보면 춘천에 부임해왔거나, 앞서 등재된 인물의 후손이거나, 춘천에 왔던 이름난 선비가 이름을 올릴 수 있었다. 지역에 한정하지 않고 친인척 관계도 등재할 수 있게 해두어 사마계의 외연을 넓히는 모습을 보인다. 또한 춘천 사마계는 사마시에 합격한 인물만을 등재했으며, 다른 지역에서 자신의 가문의 세력을 넓히기 위해 입격자가 아닌 인물을 등재한 것과는 다른 모습을 보인다. Samaso is a place for Saengwon(生員) and Jinsa(進士) who passed in Samasi(司馬試). Samagye(司馬契) is organized of Saengwon and Jinsa gathered there. Samaan(司馬案) is a list showing names of Saengwon(生員) and Jinsa(進士) of Samagye. Samagyejoamok『司馬稧座目』, Samaso Seonsaengan『司馬所先生案』 extant in Chuncheon prove that Samaso existed there. Because Chuncheon residents who passed in Samasi increased continuously after the 15th century, it is thought that construction issue of Samaso was discussed. It is recorded that Won Sa-yeol, Choi Soon-gyeong come from Hanseong constructed Samaso in Chuncheon in 1604. Samaso was established as residents in Chuncheon and successful applicants from other region participated in. After Qing invasion of Joseon, study assembly(講會) began in 1655 and new Gangsin(講信) was open at Moonsogak(聞韶閣) in 1799. Hong Eon-cheol newly compiled Samaso Seonsaengan『司馬所先生案』. Figures had been recorded on Samaso Seonsaengan『司馬所先生案』 until the year 1894. The number of successful applicants in the examination in the Samagye was 54 with family name Jeonju Lee, 30 with Poongyang Jo, 20 with Gyeongju Lee Based on analysis result on figures with family name Namyang Hong, Poongyang Jo, Gyeongju Lee etc. listed on 『Samaso Seonsaengan』 by residence, they have something in common that each family had resident in Hanseong and Chuncheon, and they are connected each other by blood. And it can be seen that portion of residents in Chuncheon increased over time towards later generation. This could be a characteristic of scholar family listed on Samagye of Chuncheon. As for criterium for registering on Samagye of Chuncheon, it did not put limitation of region and relatives could be listed. For example, there were persons who were assigned for work to Chuncheon from other region, descendents or family of existing listed figure, famous scholars from other region to Chuncheon. This shows that Chuncheon Samagye intended to extend its size. And Chuncheon Samagye basically allowed to register figures who passed Samasi. This is different from other Samaso where figures who were not successful applicants were also listed to extend its own family's influence.

PC를 이용한 2축 구동시스템개발

권순호,김교형 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1997 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.25 No.1

본 연구는 X-Y테이블을 스테핑 모터로 구동하여 시일드를 파렛에 적재하기 위한 시스템을 구성하는 것으로서 X-Y테이블에 조립된 파렛의 움직임을 여러경로의 시일드적재에 적용할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 차분에 의한 직선제어 방식의 알고리즘을 제안하였으며, 이 알고리즘에 의해 제어되는 복잡다양한 경로를 PC에서 다운로드 받아 처리할 수 있는 시스템을 구성하여 시일드적재장치에 적용함으로써 유연생산시스템을 구현하였다. Tow axis driving system was developed to establish flexible loading system of shield which is a part of electronic equipment, on pallet. Driving of two stepping motors is accomplished by Z-80 single board microprocessors. Moving trajectories of x-y atble are developed by personal computer and downloaded to single boad through RS232C serial communication port. Developed system has shown flexible movement as expected to laad shield on pallet automatically.

出生前 MAM(methylazoxymehtanol) 投與가 逃避不可能한 衝擊에 의해 生成되는 도피수행결손에 미치는 效果

鄭奉敎,朴淳權,張鉉甲 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1987 基礎科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

본 연구는 임신중에 MAM이 투여된 어미에서 태어난 새끼들이 도피검사에서 수행장애를 나타내는가를 검토해 보고자 하였다. 피험동물의 반수는 변동간격계획 60초에 따라 6초간 지속되는 60회의 도피불가능한 전기충격(1.0mA-900V, DC)을 받았고, 나머지 동물들은 충격을 받지 않았다. 도피검사는 최초의 스트레스회기가 종료된 24시간 후에 실시되었다. 도피불가한 전기충격에 대한 노출경험은 전기충격을 도피하는 과제에서 반응시간의 증가를 초래했다. 그러나 이런 충격효과는 MAM 처치동물에서는 현저하지 않았다. 단순구금된 MAM 처치흰뒤들도 전기충격을 받은 MAM처치 흰쥐와 통제군의 흰쥐만큼 도피수행의 결함을 나타내었다. 이런 결과는 MAM처치동물들이 비교적 정도가 낮은 스트레스에 대해서도 민감하게 반능할 가능성을 시사해 준다. The effect of prenatal treament of rats with methylazowymethanol(MAM) on the deficits of escape behavior was evaluated. Half the rats received 60 inescapable shocks of 1.0mA (900V, DC) of 6s duration at variable intervals of 60s. The other restrained animals did not receive any shock. Escape testeing was conducted 24h after termination of the initial stress session. The exposure to inescapable shock subsequently increased the latency to escape from shock, but the degree of icrease was less prounced in MAM-treated animals than in saline treated controls. The performance of nonshock rats with MAM treatment exhibited escape deficits comparable to preshocked rats. This results suggested that the MAM rats are sensitive to the moderate levels of stress.

淨水場 單位工程의 最適化 自動制御 시스템에 관한 硏究

김성순,문교영,김갑진 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 1998 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.28 No.-

본 연구는 상수도 공급의 합리적 방안 연구의 일환으로서 수질개선과 효율적인 공급관리 체계확립을 연구하였다. 먼저 상수도 체계도를 각각 단계별로 분류하였으며, 정수장의 수처리 공정에서 발생하는 근원적인 문제점과 실태를 조사ㆍ분석하여 개선책과 대안들을 제시하고자 하였다. 또한 상수도 관리공정의 자동화 및 계측제어 system 방식의 도입을 통하여 비효율적인 기존의 인위적 생산방식을 탈피하고, 제한된 용수자원을 최대한 호라용하여 능률적인 상수원 공급체계를 확립하고자 하였다. Water Supply in Water Treatment Plants has been accomplished at a great extent for last decade in Anyang City. Some problems to be solved were disclosed in the survey which dealt with operation and the installation procedure. Optimum Auto-Control System is a kind of preventive maintenance equipment which monitors continuously the operating condition of equipment and alarms to the operator in case of abnormal condition to prevent equipment from transition to big trouble. This system monitoring the efficiency of water treatment plants. By suggesting standard model of Optimizing Control System after completion, it will be possible to adapt this model to the renewaland/or new construction of other Water Supply System. Also it will contribute to the effective equipment operation by maintenancing cost cut-down and remote monitoring and control.

各種 Miticide에 對한 귤응애 Panonychus citri의 感受性에 關하여

李義淳,韓敎弼 慶北大學校 生産技術硏究所 1966 生産技術 Vol.1 No.-

The authors studied on the susceptibility of Citrus red mite to the various miticides collected from two localities; in resistant group and non-resistant group, resistance of Phenkapton and Folidol among the applied miticides were investigated. 1. Difference on the susceptibility of NR group an R group were shown significance. 2. In case of Phenkapton, Folidol and Tedion, the susceptibility were shown the highest differences among the various mitecides. 3. In the LD_50 by Probit treatment of Bliss to Phenkapton and Folidol, the ratio of the resistance R/NR were shown as 22 times in both chemicals. 4. The reasonable control methods and the most suitable chemicals can be selected in the orchards for the control of red mites through the recognition of susceptible degree to the chemicals by the conducted experimentation and its results.

한국 레저산업의 운영과 지도자 실태 조사

김교준,박순호 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.8 No.1

This study attempteds to investigate the gualifications and personal philosophy study anlage of sports leaders concerning Sport for all movement, so as to make some improvement of Korean leisure sport industry. The conclusion are as follows: 1. Most leaders (male and female) are the full time workers who graduate from high school. The proportion of leaders who graduated college or university in the field of physical education reached about only 25%. 2. Leaders must take part in discussion for the program development, so, they can understand and accomplish their duty successfully. 3. The reason for choosing their job was "to fit for their own interests or to become a famous leader" reached about 83% 4. The number of leaders of physical training for society is in short for the leisure sports facilities. The number of holding certificate of training for society were very few, and more leaders of physical training with certificate of qualification are needed to direct the right physical training. 5. It is suggested that the leaders should keep in mind "Safety First" as first prioity, especially in "Skiing" and "Golf". 6. For the further promotion of leisure industry, people's awareness of leisure sports, and pubic information about activities through mass media should be provided.

알콜과 DIAZEPAM 이 흰쥐의 공포학습과 소거에 미치는 효과

정봉교,윤병수,박순권 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구는 알콜과 diazepam의 투여가 흰쥐의 공포학습과 소거에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자수행되었다. 공포조건형성시 동물들은 관찰상자에서 8회의 1초간 지속되는 0.6㎃ 강도의 전기충격을 받았다. 동물들은 소거시에는 전기충격을 받았던 관찰상자에 전기충격이 없이 노출되었다. 실험 1은 알콜과 diazepam의 투여가 조건공포의 지표인 행동동결에 미치는 효과와 두 약물의 상호작용을 검증하였다. 공포학습 직후의 관찰과 24시간 후의 파지검사에서 ethanol 1.2g/㎏ 또는 diazepam 5.0㎎/㎏을 투여받은 집단 그리고 ethanol 1.2g/㎏을 동시에 투여받은 diazepam 0.5㎎/㎏ 집단 또는 diazepam 1.0㎎/㎏ 집단 모두가 saline 통제집단에 비해 공포학습의 지표인 행동동결의 감소를 보여 주었다. 특히 ethanol 1.2g/㎏과 동시 투여된 diazepam 1.0㎎/㎏은 조건행동동결의 감소효과를 상승시켰다. 이 결과는 ethanol과 diazepm이 공포학습을 방해하여 불안감소효과를 산출하며, 두 약물의 동시투여는 용량의존적으로 그 효과를 상승시킬 수 있음을 시사한다. 실험 2는 ethanol과 diazepam의 영향하에서의 소거가 약물이 투여되지 않은 상태로 전이되는가를 검증하였다. 그 결과, 소거훈련전에 ethanol 1.2g/㎏ 또는 diazepam 5.0㎎/㎏을 투여받은 집단은 약물이 투여되지 않은 소거검사시행에서 소거의 실패 즉 행동동결의 회복을 보였다. 이 결과는 두 약물이 용량에 따른 상태의존적 소거를 산출함을 보여주는 것이다. 마지막으로 두 약물의 상호작용효과와 상태의존적 공포소거현상에 대한 실용적 측면을 논의하였다. This study investigated the effects of alcohol and diazepam on conditioned fear and extinction in Sprague-Dawley male rats. Fear was conditioned by pairing an experimental chamber with footshock and was assessed by observing freezing. During extinction session, rats were exposed to the chamber without shocks. In Experiment 1, the effects of ethanol and diazepam on fear acquisition and retention were examined. The interaction between ethanol and diazepam on conditioned freezing was also tested. Diazepam 5.0㎎/㎏ and ethanol 1.2g/㎏ decreased freezing response immediately following the shocks and in retention test. Diazepam 1.0㎎/㎏ interacted synergistically ethanol 1.2g/㎏ to reduce conditioned freezing. These results demonstrate a significant dose-dependent anxiolytic effect due to the combined treatment of ethanol and diazepam. Experiment 2 investigated whether fear extinction conducted under the influence of ethanol and diazepam transfer to the undrugged state. The groups that received extinction with either ethanol 1.2g/㎏ or diazepam 5.0㎎/㎏ showed significantly more freezing than the saline control during undrugged test but those with either ethanol 0.6g/㎏ or diazepam 2.0㎎/㎏ did not. These result suggest that ethanol and diazepam produce state-dependent fear extinction in dose-related manner as indicated by renewed fear during undrugged test. The practical implications for both the behavioral interaction effect between ethanol and diazepam and the state-dependent extinction with ethanol and diazepam are noted.

흰쥐의 내측 중격핵 손상이 MORRIS 수중미로과제의 학습에 미치는 효과

정봉교,윤병수,박순권 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.5 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 콜린성 중격해마체계에 속하는 내측 중격핵의 손상이 공간학습에 미치는 효과를 검토하는 것이다. 공간학습과제로는 Morris 수중미로가 사용되었다. 실험 1에서 colchicine 또는 kainic acid을 주입한 내측 중격핵의 손상은 표준적인 Morris 수중미로의 학습에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그러나 자유수영검사에서는 kainic acid 손상집단이 파지의 장애를 보였다. 실험 2에서도 실험 1과 동일한 공간과제를 사용하였는데, 국소마취제인 lidocaine의 훈련전 주입에 의한 손상은 공간학습을 방해하였다. 손상이 되지 않은 채로 실시된 자유수영검사에서는 집단들간의 차이가 없었다. 실험 3에서는 작업기억 검증용 Morris 수중미로를 사용하였는데, colchicine을 주입한 내측 중격핵의 손상은 그 과제에서 결손을 초래하였다. 결과적으로 공간 준거기억 기능을 검증하는 표준적인 Morris 수중미로과제에서는, 내측 중격핵의 손상효과가 일관성이 적다는 선행연구들의 결과를 확인하였고, 수정된 공간 작업기억 검증과제에서는 내측중격핵 손상이 작업기억의 결손을 초래하였다. 따라서 해마에 대한 내측중격핵의 입력이 공간 작업기억에서 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 논의하였다. This study was conducted to examine the effects of medial septal lesions on the spatial learning in rats. A standard Morris water maze task was used in both Experiment 1 and 2. In Experiment 3, a modified spatial working memory version of the Morris water maze task was used. In Experiment 1, colchicine or kainic acid(KA) lesions of the medial septal area were made in rats. Both colchicine and KA rats learned to find the hidden platform as quickly as sham-operated rats in the water maze, but KA rats spent somewhat less time in the training quadrant than did sham-operated rats in a probe trial. In Experiment 2, rats with pretraining infusion of lidocaine into medial septum showed impairment on acquision of the water maze, but they could retain place information as much as sham-operated rats in a probe trial. In Experiment 3, Animals were trained to swim directly to a visible platform in one of four quadrant and subsequently probed a hidden platform in the same location. Each day the platform was placed in a different quadrant. In the task, rats with colchicine-induced lesions to medial septum were significantly impaired relative to control animals. In summary, medial septal lesions did not consistently interfered with the acquisition of the standard Morris water maze task, but impaired the performance in a spatial working memory version of the water maze task. These results indicate that damage to the medial septum disrupts spatial working memory more than it disrupts cognitive mapping ability.

염화수은(HgCl_2)이 (Na^+-K^+)-ATPase의 活性度에 미치는 영향

陳敎寬,朴映淳 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1989 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.2

The present experiments were disigned to investigate the effect of HgCl_2 on the dog brain cortex(Na^+-K^+)-ATPase activity. The inhibitiory effects of HgCl_2 on the enzyme activity and its mechanismwere analyzed by Dixon plot and Eadie-Scatchard plot. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. The (Na^+-K^+)-ATPase activity was inhibited more than the total ATPase activity in the presentexperiments. 2. The concentration of 50% inhibition for HgCl_2 was almost identical with the inhibition coastant(Ki)The Ki was 0.5μ moles for HgCl_2. 3. HgCl_2 did not change the Km value(4.49) bot decreased the V_max of the (Na^+-K^+)-ATPaseactivity, suggesting that Hg^++ion acts as a noucompetitive nhibitor on the enzyme. 4. Hg^++ions were also found to be reversible inhibitors on the enzyme.

흑미 첨가가 바게트의 품질 특성에 미치는 영향

임정교,박인경,김영희,김순동 동아시아식생활학회 2003 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The Characteristics of dough and the quality of baguette with 1~5% pigmented rice(PR) were investigated. The pH of dough with PR were lower(pH 4.93~5.06) than that of the control(pH 5.13).The viscosity of dough with PR(498-575 BU) measured by the amylograph were lower than that of the control(600 BU). The volume of the baguette with PR(l~3%) was higher than that of the control. Color L^(*) value of baguette crumb with PR decreased from 60.65 to 50.44~60.36 and color a^(*) value increased from -2.13 to 0.28~3.30 as the concentration of PR increased. The hardness of the baguette decreased from 375.51×10⁴ dyne/㎠ to 273.95~256.83×l0⁴ dyne/㎠ as the concentration of PR increased. The overall acceptability score of baguette was the highest with 3% PR.