Highly efficient RNA-guided base editing in mouse embryos

Kim, Kyoungmi,Ryu, Seuk-Min,Kim, Sang-Tae,Baek, Gayoung,Kim, Daesik,Lim, Kayeong,Chung, Eugene,Kim, Sunghyun,Kim, Jin-Soo Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2017 Nature biotechnology Vol.35 No.5

<P>Base editors (BEs) composed of a cytidine deaminase fused to CRISPR-Cas9 convert cytidine to uridine, leading to single-base-pair substitutions in eukaryotic cells. We delivered BE mRNA or ribonucleoproteins targeting the Dmd or Tyr gene via electroporation or microinjection into mouse zygotes. F0 mice showed nonsense mutations with an efficiency of 44-57% and allelic frequencies of up to 100%, demonstrating an efficient method to generate mice with targeted point mutations.</P>

Genome surgery using Cas9 ribonucleoproteins for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration

Kim, Kyoungmi,Park, Sung Wook,Kim, Jin Hyoung,Lee, Seung Hwan,Kim, Daesik,Koo, Taeyoung,Kim, Kwang-eun,Kim, Jeong Hun,Kim, Jin-Soo Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2017 Genome research Vol.27 No.3

<P>RNA-guided genome surgery using CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases has shown promise for the treatment of diverse genetic diseases. Yet, the potential of such nucleases for therapeutic applications in nongenetic diseases is largely unexplored. Here, we focus on age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness in adults, which is associated with retinal overexpression of, rather than mutations in, the VEGFA gene. Subretinal injection of preassembled, Vegfa gene-specific Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) into the adult mouse eye gave rise to mutagenesis at the target site in the retinal pigment epithelium. Furthermore, Cas9 RNPs effectively reduced the area of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a mouse model of AMD. Genome-wide profiling of Cas9 off-target effects via Digenome-seq showed that off-target mutations were rarely induced in the human genome. Because Cas9 RNPs can function immediately after in vivo delivery and are rapidly degraded by endogenous proteases, their activities are unlikely to be hampered by antibody-and cell-mediated adaptive immune systems. Our results demonstrate that in vivo genome editing with Cas9 RNPs has the potential for the local treatment for nongenetic degenerative diseases, expanding the scope of RNA-guided genome surgery to a new dimension.</P>

Genome-wide target specificities of CRISPR RNA-guided programmable deaminases

Kim, Daesik,Lim, Kayeong,Kim, Sang-Tae,Yoon, Sun-heui,Kim, Kyoungmi,Ryu, Seuk-Min,Kim, Jin-Soo Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2017 Nature biotechnology Vol.35 No.5

<P>Cas9-linked deaminases, also called base editors, enable targeted mutation of single nucleotides in eukaryotic genomes. However, their off-target activity is largely unknown. Here we modify digested-genome sequencing (Digenome-seq) to assess the specificity of a programmable deaminase composed of a Cas9 nickase (nCas9) and the deaminase APOBEC1 in the human genome. Genomic DNA is treated with the base editor and a mixture of DNA-modifying enzymes in vitro to produce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) at uracil-containing sites. Off-target sites are then computationally identified from whole genome sequencing data. Testing seven different single guide RNAs (sgRNAs), we find that the rAPOBEC1-nCas9 base editor is highly specific, inducing cytosine-to-uracil conversions at only 18 +/- 9 sites in the human genome for each sgRNA. Digenome-seq is sensitive enough to capture off-target sites with a substitution frequency of 0.1%. Notably, off-target sites of the base editors are often different from those of Cas9 alone, calling for independent assessment of their genome-wide specificities.</P>

김정은 시기의 북한 고등교육정책 변화 방향 분석

김경미(Kim, Kyoungmi),김안나(Kim, Anna) 연세대학교 교육연구소 2020 미래교육학연구 Vol.33 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 사회주의 강성국가라는 국가적 과제에 대응하기 위한 김정은 시대 북한의 고등교육정책의 변화전략이 무엇인지 탐색하는 데 있다. 이에 본 연구는 북한 교육문화성이 발행한 교육신문 2012년~2019년 기사 중에서 ‘대학’, ‘고등교육’을 키워드로 수집한 1,255편의 기사를 분석하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 북한은 세계 일류급 고등교육을 강조하며 연구중심대학으로의 변화를 도모하며 과학기술연구 강조와 지식경제 시대에 대응하기 위한 지식을 생산하고자 하였다. 둘째, 대학을 유형별로 특성화하여 종합대학 일원화 및 박사 후 교육체계 마련, 직업기술대학체계를 확립하였다. 셋째, 대학교육의 질 향상을 위하여 원격교육 실행 및 교원의 교수 방법의 변화를 요구하였다. 넷째, 대학기능의 수월성 향상을 위하여 대학행정 시스템 및 대학입학 원격시험체계를 마련하고 인프라구축을 강화하고 있다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구는 북한과 같은 독특한 정치체제에서 교육정책의 변화가 북한사회의 변화에 어떤 영향을 미칠지 논의하였다. This study examines reform in higher education under Kim Jong-un that was motivated and defined by the strong influence of North Korea’s socialist ideology. To this end, 1,255 news articles containing the keywords “college” and “higher education” were analyzed. These were sourced from the Education Newspaper published by North Korean Education between 2012 and 2019.The study s conclusions are summarized below. First, North Korea seeks to develop a world-class higher education system modeled on research-centered institutions which emphasize science and technology for the new knowledge economy. Second, North Korea seeks to unify colleges, universities, post-doctoral studies, and vocational technology university system. Third, changes in the implementation of remote education and teaching methods were requested to improve the quality of university education. Fourth, infrastructure for improving university administration and remote testing for university admission have been emphasized and implemented to facilitate learning. This study discussed how changes in North Korean higher education policy reflect the unique characteristic of the political system and will shape future developments in North Korean society.

Adenine base editing in mouse embryos and an adult mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Ryu, Seuk-Min,Koo, Taeyoung,Kim, Kyoungmi,Lim, Kayeong,Baek, Gayoung,Kim, Sang-Tae,Kim, Heon Seok,Kim, Da-eun,Lee, Hyunji,Chung, Eugene,Kim, Jin-Soo Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2018 Nature biotechnology Vol.36 No.6

<P>Adenine base editors (ABEs) composed of an engineered adenine deaminase and the Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 nickase enable adenine-to-guanine (A-to-G) single-nucleotide substitutions in a guide RNA (gRNA)-dependent manner. Here we demonstrate application of this technology in mouse embryos and adult mice. We also show that long gRNAs enable adenine editing at positions one or two bases upstream of the window that is accessible with standard single guide RNAs (sgRNAs). We introduced the Himalayan point mutation in the Tyr gene by microinjecting ABE mRNA and an extended gRNA into mouse embryos, obtaining Tyr mutant mice with an albino phenotype. Furthermore, we delivered the split ABE gene, using trans-splicing adenoassociated viral vectors, to muscle cells in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy to correct a nonsense mutation in the Dmd gene, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of base editing in adult animals.</P>

Highly efficient RNA-guided base editing in mouse embryos

Kyoungmi Kim 한국수정란이식학회 2017 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.05

Highly efficient RNA-guided base editing in mouse embryos

Kyoungmi Kim 한국실험동물학회 2017 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.8

Influence of Optimism, Social Support, and Spirituality on COVID-19 Stress in Christian Church Community

Kim Kyoungmi,Lim Hyun Ju,Moon Eunsoo,Moon Sung Il 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.2

Objective Optimism, social support, and spirituality can be important factors related to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) stress. However, studies investigating the influence and interplay of optimism, social support, and spirituality on COVID-19 simultaneously are still few. This study is aimed to explore the influence of optimism, social support, and spirituality on COVID-19 stress in the Christian church community.Methods A total 350 participants were included in this study. This study was cross-sectionally conducted by using an online survey on optimism, social support, spirituality, and COVID-19 stress that were measured by the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS), Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), and COVID-19 Stress Scale for Korean People (CSSK). The prediction models for COVID-19 stress were analyzed by using univariate and multiple linear regression.Results Based on the results of univariate linear regression, subjective feelings on income (p<0.001) and health status (p<0.001), LOTR (p<0.001), MSPSS (p=0.025), and SWBS (p<0.001) scores were significantly associated with COVID-19 stress. The multiple linear regression model with subjective feelings on income and health status and SWSB score was significant (p<0.001) and explained 17.7% of the variance (R²=0.177).Conclusion This study showed that subjective feeling on low income, those who had poor health status, lower optimism, lower perceived social support, and lower spirituality were significantly affected with COVID-19 stress. Especially, the model with subjective feelings on income and health status, and spirituality showed highly significant effects, despite the interaction with associated factors. To cope with unpredictable stressful situations like the COVID-19 pandemic, integrated interventions on psycho-socio-spiritual aspect are warranted.

대학생의 감사와 불면증 및 우울의 관계에서 낙관성의 매개효과

김경미(Kyoungmi Kim) 한국동서정신과학회 2019 동서정신과학 Vol.22 No.1

많은 선행연구들은 감사가 행복에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인이며, 감사일지, 감사편지와 같은 활동이 우울을 감소시킨다는 주장을 해왔다. 이를 바탕으로 감사가 불면증와 우울을 감소시키는지 검토했다. 그리고 이 관계에서 낙관성이 매개역할을 하는지 알아보았다. 이를 위해서 대학생 남자 142명(42.47%), 여자 193명(57.64%)의 355명을을 대상으로 감사, 낙관성, 불면증, 및 우울을 측정하였다. 그리고 빈도분석, 상관분석 회귀분석, sobel 검증을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 감사수준이 높을수록 불면증과 우울은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 낙관성 역시 불면증과 우울에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 그리고 낙관성은 감사와 불면증 및 우울의 관계에서 유의미한 부분매개 역할을 하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 대학생의 정신건강을 증진시키기 위해 감사와 낙관성의 요소를 활용한 상담 및 교육프로그램의 개입이 필요함을 시사점에서 논의하였다. Many prior studies have argued that grateful disposition is an important factor affecting happiness, and activities such as gratitude diaries and thank-you notes reduce depression. Based on this, we reviewed whether the grateful disposition reduces insomnia and depression. And we looked at whether optimism is a carrier in this relationship. To this end, 455 university students were surveyed to measure their gratitude, optimism, insomnia and depression. We also performed frequency analysis, regression analysis, and sobel test. Analysis shows that the higher the level of grateful disposition, the less insomnia and depression. Optimism also had a significant effect on insomnia and depression. And optimism played a significant mediating role in the relationship between gratitude and insomnia and depression. Based on these findings, the implications of university students gratitude and optimism were discussed.

오마하 체계에 따른 방문간호 대상자의 문제 분석

김경미(KyoungMi Kim),문희윤(Huiyun Moon),박현혜(HyunHye Park),신유정(Yoojeong Shin) 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2020 전인간호과학학술지 Vol.13 No.-

The purpose of this study is to apply the Omaha system of nursing students to local community visited nursing subjects. Methods: This study analyzed the problems of 58 visiting nursing subjects identified through the Omaha diagnosis system, and the intervention system and detailed items therein, based on the 2019 1st semester community nursing practice report of the 4th year of nursing at a university. Results: Problems that appeared in more than 10% of the community visited nursing subjects were health-related behaviors in 3 areas of environmental area, 4 areas of psychological society , 3 areas of physiological and 5 areas of health-related behaviors . Among the pre-nursing intervention problem grade scales, the items with the highest average score were identified as income of knowledge, income of behavior, and neural-muscle-skeletal of status. Examples in which communication with resources , nutrition of behavior, health care monitoring of status are identified. Education, guidance, counseling was the most common in most problems of nursing college students nursing intervention system based on the Omaha diagnosis classification system. Appeared more than counseling . Conclusion: Through this study, it was possible to apply the Omaha system centered on the target of community visitation nursing, and it is expected that the direction of nursing intervention can be secured based on this.