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제주도 지하수 질산염 농도의 시·공간적 변화 특성: 장기(1993-2015) 모니터링 자료의 평가
김호림(Ho-Rim Kim),오준섭(Junseop Oh),도현권(Hyun-Kwon Do),이경진(Kyung-Jin Lee),현익현(Ik-Hyun Hyun),오상실(Sang-Sil Oh),감상규(Sang-Kyu Kam),윤성택(Seong-Taek Yun) 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.1
1993년부터 2015년까지 관측된 제주도 지하수 장기모니터링 관측정(N = 4,835)에서 수집된 지하수 수질자료(N = 21,568)를 기반으로 질산성질소의 시공간적 변동 특성을 평가하였다. 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 농도의 중앙값은 2.5 mg/L로서 다른 국가나 대륙의 조사 결과에 비해 다소 높거나 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지하수 용도, 행정구역 및 고도 별로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히, 산간 지역에 비해 저지대 해안가에 위치한 농업 및 주거지역에서 농도가 높음을 확인하였다. Mann-Kendall 및 Sen’s slope 분석을 활용한 질산성질소 농도의 추세 분석 결과, 하류 저지 대에 비해 중산간지역에서의 질산성질소 농도 증가 경향이 뚜렷하였다. 제주도 내 토지 피복의 시계열 변화 특성과 결부 지어 보면, 중산간지역의 오염 증가 추세는 농업지역의 확장 등 인위적 활동 증가에 기인한 결과로 판단된다. 반면,기지정된 지하수자원특별관리구역에서는 전반적으로 질산성질소 농도의 감소 경향이 나타났는데, 이는 지하수 관리 측면에서 수질관리를 위한 적극적인 정책이 유효함을 시사한다. 본 연구에서는 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 오염관리를 위한 적정 방안을 제안한다. The spatio-temporal variations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater of Jeju Island were evaluated by an analysis of time series groundwater quality data (N = 21,568) that were collected from regional groundwater monitoring (number of wells = 4,835) for up to 20 years between 1993 and 2015. The median concentration of NO 3 -N is 2.5 mg/L, which is slightly higher than those reported from regional surveys in other countries. Nitrate concentrations of groundwater in wells tend to significantly vary according to different water usage (of the well), administrative districts, and topographic elevations: nitrate level is higher in low-lying agricultural and residential areas than those in high mountainous areas. The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope analysis show that nitrate concentration in mid-mountainous areas tends to increase, possibly due to the expansion of agricultural areas toward highland. On the other hand, nitrate concentrations in the Specially Designated Groundwater Quality Protection Zones show the temporally decreasing trend, which implies the efficiency of groundwater management actions in Jeju. Proper measures for sustainable groundwater quality management are suggested in this study.
ON CERTAIN SUBCLASSES OF STARLIKE FUNCTIONS
Kwon, Oh-Sang Korean Mathematical Society 1995 대한수학회논문집 Vol.10 No.2
The class $R_{\gamma-1,p}(A,B,\alpha)$ for $-1 \leq B < A \leq 1,\gamma > (B -1)p+(A_B)(p-\alpha)/1-B$ and $0 \leq \alpha < p$ consisting of p-valently analytic functions in the open unit disc is defined with the help of convolution technique. We study containment property, integral transforms and a sufficient condition for an analytic function to be in $R_{\gamma-1,p}(A,B,\alpha)$.
Kwon, Il Jun,Park, Sung Min,Jeong, Min Gi,Yang, Seong Baek,Yoo, Sung Hun,Jeong, Dae Won,Sabina, Yeasmin,Oh, Weontae,Choi, Jin Hyun,Yeum, Jeong Hyun American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.16 No.11
<P>Poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)/poly(vinyl alcohol)/carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposite microspheres with a core/shell structure were prepared by heterogeneous saponification of a PVAc/CNT microsphere suspension polymerized for the first time. We investigated the effects of various polymerization conditions on the conversion of vinyl acetate (VAc) into PVAc, such as time, temperature, and CNT concentration. The results indicated that the rate of polymerization decreased with CNT addition. In addition, the time and temperature had significant effects on the polymerization rate, and it was difficult to obtain higher conversion of VAc into PVAc at lower temperature and time. However, 65% conversion could be achieved despite the presence of CNTs at low temperature for a polymerization time of 25 h. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy was performed to examine the CNT distribution in the PVAc microspheres, and the results revealed that CNT particles were completely inserted into the polymer matrix, indicating that PVAc/CNT microspheres could be prepared by in situ suspension polymerization. The detailed structure of the PVAc/CNT microspheres was determined using X-ray diffraction analysis, and the results suggested that CNTs were inserted into PVA microspheres, and PVAc/CNT nanocomposite microspheres were successfully prepared with 0.5 wt.% CNTs. The effects of various CNT concentrations on the degree of saponification of PVAc were examined using optical microscopy at various saponification times, and H-1-NMR results indicated that the saponification rate increased significantly with increasing CNT concentration and that almost fully saponified PVA microspheres were obtained in the presence of 0.5 wt.% CNTs for a saponification time of 120 h.</P>
A SUBCLASS OF STRONGLY CLOSE-TO-CONVEX FUNCTIONS
Kwon,Oh-Sang 慶星大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.18 No.2
Salagean 연산자를 이용하여 G*?(β) 를 정의한다. 본 논문의 목적은 G*?(β)가 강하게 거의 볼록한 족의 부분족임을 증명하고, G*?(β)에 대한 일반적인 포함관계 성질을 조사하는데 있다. The subcalss G*?(β) of strongly close-to-convex functions is defined with the help of Salagean differential operator. The object of the present patper is to drive some inclusion property of G*?(β).
The Effect of Living Conditions on Stress and Behavior of Horses
( Sang Kook Park ),( Hee Jun Jung ),( You Lim Choi ),( Oh Sub Kwon ),( Young Hun Jung ),( Chung Il Cho ),( Min Jung Yoon ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2013 한국축산학회지 Vol.55 No.4
Providing an adequate environment for horses is important to minimize the level of stress for domesticated horses. The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate the effect of living conditions on stress level of horses, 2) to observe the effect of one month confinement on self-maintenance behavior and stereotypic behavior of horses. The experiment was conducted at National Institute of Animal Science, Equine Field Station(Seonghwan-eup, Korea). Horses were staying in the paddock prior to the experiment. On day 1, five horses were randomly selected and housed in metal fence panels stall. Six horses remained in the same paddock. The ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte (on day 15) and cortisol (on day 1 and 29) from stalled horses were significantly higher than horses in the paddock. Duration or frequency of self-maintenance behaviors such as feeding, drinking, resting, walking was not significantly different between day 1 and day 29. However, the frequency of urination significantly decreased(p<0.05) on day 29 compared with day 1. The frequency of stereotypic behaviors was not different between day 1 and 29. Our data indicate that horses may be more stabled when they are staying in the paddock rather than staying in the stall, but the stress level of horses in the stall during one month confinement was not effective for horses to adapt stereotypic behavior. In conclusion, providing an adequate environment and stress-less horse management techniques can minimize the stress level of horses.
Tracheal Stenosis after Tracheostomy Treated Successfully with Papillotome Electrocautery
Oh, Sun Hee,Lee, Seong Ju,Kim, Dae Sung,Na, Moon Jun,Choi, Eugene,Kwon, Sun Jung,Cho, Hyun Min,Son, Ji Woong The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.75 No.2
Tracheal Stenosis after Tracheostomy Treated Successfully with Papillotome Electrocautery A 39-year-old woman presented with symptoms of dyspnea. Ten years previously, she had received a tracheostomy because of the decision to not continue taking an anticonvulsant drug. Presently, chest computed tomography showed diffuse stenosis and focal web at the cervical trachea. We performed bronchoscopy and found a two-thirds reduction of the upper trachea due to the web-like fibrotic stenosis. Papillotome electrocautery removed the stenotic lesion. Endobronchial electrocautery is a valuable tool with potential for therapy of an endobronchial obstructing airway lesion. We report this case to introduce the successful treatment with papillotome electrocautery.
Vibrational Relaxation and Bond Dissociation of Excited Methylpyrazine in the Collision with HF
Oh, Hee-Gyun,Ree, Jong-Baik,Lee, Sang-Kwon,Kim, Yoo-Hang Korean Chemical Society 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.10
Vibrational relaxation and competitive C-$H_{methyl}$ and C-$H_{ring}$ bond dissociations in vibrationally excited methylpyrazine in the collision with HF have been studied by use of classical trajectory procedures. The energy lost by the vibrationally excited methylpyrazine upon collision is not large and it increases slowly with increasing total vibrational energy content between 20,000 and 45,000 $cm^{-1}$. Above the energy content of 45,000 $cm^{-1}$, however, energy loss decreases. The temperature dependence of energy loss is negligible between 200 and 400 K, but above 45,000 $cm^{-1}$ the energy loss increases as the temperature is raised. Energy transfer to or from the excited methyl C-H bond occurs in strong collisions with HF, that is, relatively large amount of translational energy is transferred in a single step. On the other hand, energy transfer to the ring C-H bond occurs in a series of small steps. When the total energy content ET of methylpyrazine is sufficiently high, either or both C-H bonds can dissociate. The C-$H_{methyl}$ dissociation probability is higher than the C-$H_{ring}$ dissociation probability. The dissociation of the ring C-H bond is not the result of the direct intermolecular energy flow from the direct collision between the ring C-H and HF but the result of the intramolecular flow of energy from the methyl group to the ring C-H stretch.
( Sang Kook Kim ),( Sung Hwa Lee ),( Oh Shin Kwon ),( Byung Jo Moon ) 생화학분자생물학회 2004 BMB Reports Vol.37 No.6
Oligoribonucleotides containing 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2`-O-methylguanosine (8-oxoG-Me) were synthesized. The base pairing properties of 8-oxoG and 8-oxoG-Me in oligoribonucleotide in cDNA synthesis by reverse transcriptases were studied. dCMP was preferentially incorporated into the site opposite 8-oxoG or 8-oxoG-Me than into other dNMPs. TMP and dCMP were inserted preferentially into sites opposite 8-oxoG or 8-oxoG by reverse transcriptases. HIV-RT did not incorporate TMP, but RAV2-RT incorporated 50% more TMP than dCMP into the site opposite 8-oxoG. In the site opposite 8-oxoG-Me TMP was substantially incorporated by HIV-RT or RAV2-RT. Thermodynamic analysis of the DNA·RNA heteroduplex containing 8-oxoG revealed that 8-oxoG and 8-oxoG-Me formed base pairs with cytidine and thymidine with similar stability. The thermodynamic parameter (△G) demonstrated that the formation of duplexes between 8-oxoG or 8-oxoG-Me and cytidine or thymidine is more thermodynamically favorable than with adenosine and guanosine. However, differences in the melting temperature and △G`s of 8-oxoG/ dC and 8-oxoG/T were much smaller than between G/dC and G/T. CD spectra showed that DNA·RNA containing 8-oxoG or 8-oxoG-Me duplexes showed similarities between the A-type RNA and B-type DNA conformations.