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Jane Teas,Lewis E. Braverman,Mindy S. Kurzer,Sam Pino,Thomas G. Hurley,James R. Hebert 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.1
Seaweeds and soy are two commonly eaten foods in Asia. Both have been reported to affect thyroid function,seaweed because of its iodine content and soy because of its goitrogenic effect. Twenty-five healthy postmenopausal women(mean age 58 years) completed a double-blinded randomized crossover study. Ten capsules (5 g/day) of placebo or seaweed(Alaria esculenta), providing 475 .g of iodine/day, were consumed daily for 7 weeks. A powdered soy protein isolate (So-lae Co., St. Louis, MO), providing 2 mg of isoflavones/kg of body weight, was given daily during the last week of each treat-ment arm. On average, this provided 141.3 mg of isoflavones/day and 67.5 g of protein/day. Blood samples and 48-hour urinesamples were collected before and after each intervention period, and urinary I/C (.g of iodine/g of creatinine) and serumthyroxine, free thyroxine index, total triiodothyronine, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured. Seaweed in-gestion increased I/C concentrations (P. .0001) and serum TSH (P. .0001) (1.69. 0.22 vs. 2.19. 0.22 .U/mL, mean.SE). Soy supplementation did not affect thyroid end points. Seven weeks of 5 g/day seaweed supplementation was associatedwith a small but statistically significant increase in TSH. Soy protein isolate supplementation was not associated with changesin serum thyroid hormone concentrations.
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( Andrea Y Arikawa ),( Hamed Samavat ),( Mindy S Kurzer ) 대한폐경학회 2021 대한폐경학회지 Vol.27 No.2
Objectives: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in enzymes that metabolize sex steroid hormones were associated with the blood levels of these hormones in postmenopausal women and if the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) could modify this association. Methods: Baseline data were collected from 932 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Minnesota Green Tea Trial. Participants filled out a questionnaire about their demographics, lifestyle factors, and medical and reproductive history. Free, bioavailable, and total serum levels of reproductive hormones were measured through liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. For genotyping of UGT1A1 (rs10928303), UGT1A4 (rs10929301, rs11673726), UGT1A6 (rs1105879, rs2070959, rs6759892), UGT1A8 (rs10167119), UGT2B7 (rs7439366), and SULT1A1 (rs9282861, rs1968752), mass spectrometry based on multiplex methods and TaqMan assays were performed. Adjusted linear models were fit to assess the associations between SNPs and blood hormones using age, body mass index (BMI), and MHT as covariates. Results: The mean age was 59.8 years, and the mean BMI was 25.1 kg/m2. Past or recent use of MHT was reported by 41.2% of the participants. SNPs in SULT1A1 (rs1968752 and rs9282861) and UGT1A4 (rs11673726) genes were significantly associated with estrone levels, whereas SNPs in UGT1A6 (rs6759892) and UGT1A8 (rs10167119) genes were significantly associated with bioavailable estradiol levels. Conclusions: There was no evidence that MHT use modified the association between SNPs and sex-steroid hormone levels; however, further studies are needed to establish the potential clinical significance of UGT1A4 (rs11673726), UGT1A6 (rs6759892), and UGT1A8 (rs10167119) SNPs and the modulation of hormone levels in postmenopausal women.
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