Cyanobacterial Diversity Shifts Induced by Butachlor in Selected Indian Rice Fields in Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Western Bihar Analyzed with PCR and DGGE

( Kumari ),( Nidhi ),( Om Prakash Narayan ),( Lal Chand Rai ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.1

The Impact of Geopolitical Risk on Financial Conditions of Emerging Economies

Namarta Kumari BAJAJ(Namarta Kumari BAJAJ ),Tariq AZIZ(Tariq AZIZ ),Sonia KUMARI(Sonia KUMARI ),Marim ALENEZI(Marim ALENEZI ),Naif Mansour MATHKUR(Naif Mansour MATHKUR ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.1

The detrimental impacts of financial instability on the world economy during the financial crisis highlighted the requirement to understand the existing financial circumstances. Stability and developments in financial conditions are important for economic prosperity. This study analyses the impact of geopolitical risk on the economic conditions of some specific emerging economies using monthly data from January 1999 to September 2016 by applying a fixed-effects panel data model. The estimation results demonstrated that geopolitical risk has a significant, negative impact on financial conditions. It shows geopolitical risk could be seen as a key factor that contributes towards financial conditions. Further, it implies that negative shocks of high geopolitical risk experienced by emerging economies are one of the primary reasons for the financial conditions’ deterioration. The findings provide important insights for governments, policymakers, and investors. For instance, governments and politicians should refrain from expressing or producing tension, economic discomfort, or news that is likely to increase a high geopolitical risk. Maintaining a close eye on geopolitical risk and its sources may also help to stabilize financial conditions and develop a well-functioning financial system. As a result, investors would be better informed about an economy’s economic and financial conditions, allowing them to diversify their international portfolios and devise investing strategies during uncertain economic times.

Interaction of Ion Cyclotron Electromagnetic Wave with Energetic Particles in the Existence of Alternating Electric Field Using Ring Distribution

Kumari Neeta Shukla,Jyoti Kumari,Rama Shankar Pandey 한국우주과학회 2022 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.39 No.2

The elements that impact the dynamics and collaborations of waves and particles in the magnetosphere of planets have been considered here. Saturn’s internal magnetosphere is determined by substantiated instabilities and discovered to be an exceptional zone of wave activity. Interchanged instability is found to be one of the responsible events in view of temperature anisotropy and energization processes of magnetospheric species. The generated active ions alongside electrons that constitute the populations of highly magnetized planets like Saturn’s ring electron current are taken into consideration in the current framework. The previous and similar method of characteristics and the perturbed distribution function have been used to derive dispersion relation. In incorporating this investigation, the characteristics of electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave (EMIC) waves are determined by the composition of ions in plasmas through which the waves propagate. The effect of ring distribution illustrates non-monotonous description on growth rate (GR) depending upon plasma parameters picked out. Observations made by Cassini found appropriate for modern study, have been applied to the Kronian magnetosphere. Using Maxwellian ring distribution function of ions and detailed mathematical formulation, an expression for dispersion relation as well as GR and real frequency (RF) are evaluated. Analysis of plasma parameters shows that, proliferating EMIC waves are not developed much when propagation is parallelly aligned with magnetosphere as compared to waves propagating in oblique direction. GR for the oblique case, is influenced by temperature anisotropy as well as by alternating current (AC) frequency, whereas it is much affected only by AC frequency for parallel propagating waves.

Response to the Comment by Chandra S on “Interaction of Ion Cyclotron Electromagnetic Wave with Energetic Particles in the Existence of Alternating Electric (AC) Field Using Ring Distribution”

Kumari Neeta Shukla,Jyoti Kumari,Rama Shankar Pandey 한국우주과학회 2023 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.40 No.2

Response to the Comment by Chandra S on “Interaction of Ion Cyclotron Electromagnetic Wave with Energetic Particles in the Existence of Alternating Electric (AC) Field Using Ring Distribution”

Defense Inducer Compounds Up-regulated the Peroxidase, Polyphenol Oxidase, and Total Phenol Activities against Spot Blotch Disease of Wheat

Puja Kumari,Chandrashekhar Azad,Ravi Ranjan Kumar,Jyoti Kumari,Kumar Aditya,Amarendra Kumar 한국식물병리학회 2023 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.39 No.2

Spot blotch disease of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem is considered as an economically important disease which affects all the growing stages of wheat crop. Therefore, it is important to search some effective management strategies against the spot blotch pathogen. Some synthetic elicitor compounds (salicylic acid, isonicotinic acid, and chitosan) and nano-particles (silver and aluminum) were tested against the pathogen to observe the change in biochemical activity and defense action of wheat plant against spot blotch disease. All the tested elicitor compounds and nano-particles showed a significant increase in activity of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and total phenol over control. The highest increase in activity of peroxidase was recorded at 72 h from chitosan at 2 mM and 96 h from silver nano-particle at 100 ppm. Maximum PPO and total phenol activity were recorded from chitosan at 2 mM and silver nano-particle at 100 ppm as compared to pathogen-treated and healthy control. The lowest percent disease index, lowest no. of spots/leaf, and no. of infected leaves/plant were found in silver nano-particle at 100 ppm and chitosan at 2 mM, respectively. The use of defense inducer compounds results in significantly up-regulated enzymatic activity and reduced spot blotch disease. Therefore, chitosan and silver nanoparticle could be used as alternative methods for the management of spot blotch disease.

Biochar & fly ash amendments lower mortality and increase antioxidant activity in chlorpyrifos-exposed earthworms

Kumari Tamanna,Phogat Deepak,Phogat Jatin,Shukla Vineeta 한국응용생명화학회 2024 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.67 No.-

The investigation presented a novel finding regarding mitigating stress induced by chlorpyrifos in Eisenia fetida by incorporating biochar derived from rice straw and fly ash as soil amendments. It was observed that phenolic compounds exhibit solubility in methanol, and the methanolic fraction exhibited notable inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation and displayed antioxidant properties. The defence mechanism of E. fetida , comprising catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and various other enzymes, remained effective in neutralizing stressors without disruption when the earthworm was subjected to diverse chemical agents or stressful conditions. These enzymes served as indicative markers of toxicity induced by pesticide exposure, even at sublethal concentrations. The scavenging of free radicals by these enzymes ultimately safeguarded the organism. Fly ash and biochar emerged as two organic alternatives capable of alleviating stress by providing a protective mechanism. In this context, the study examined the impact of biochar and fly ash amendments on earthworm biomarkers. The mortality rate at the median lethal concentration of chlorpyrifos was reduced to less than 50% through 3% and 5% modifications. In contrast to the non-amendment group exposed to sublethal doses, the amendment group exhibited higher levels of oxidative stress and lower protein content. This observation indicated the presence of stress induced by the accumulation of free radicals, which increased in number with higher doses of chlorpyrifos. Moreover, the study highlighted the interconnected nature of total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic capacity values, with a decrease in these parameters signifying a shift in earthworm biomarkers. Graphical abstract The investigation presented a novel finding regarding mitigating stress induced by chlorpyrifos in Eisenia fetida by incorporating biochar derived from rice straw and fly ash as soil amendments. It was observed that phenolic compounds exhibit solubility in methanol, and the methanolic fraction exhibited notable inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation and displayed antioxidant properties. The defence mechanism of E. fetida, comprising catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and various other enzymes, remained effective in neutralizing stressors without disruption when the earthworm was subjected to diverse chemical agents or stressful conditions. These enzymes served as indicative markers of toxicity induced by pesticide exposure, even at sublethal concentrations. The scavenging of free radicals by these enzymes ultimately safeguarded the organism. Fly ash and biochar emerged as two organic alternatives capable of alleviating stress by providing a protective mechanism. In this context, the study examined the impact of biochar and fly ash amendments on earthworm biomarkers. The mortality rate at the median lethal concentration of chlorpyrifos was reduced to less than 50% through 3% and 5% modifications. In contrast to the non-amendment group exposed to sublethal doses, the amendment group exhibited higher levels of oxidative stress and lower protein content. This observation indicated the presence of stress induced by the accumulation of free radicals, which increased in number with higher doses of chlorpyrifos. Moreover, the study highlighted the interconnected nature of total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic capacity values, with a decrease in these parameters signifying a shift in earthworm biomarkers.

Monitoring of Pesticidal Contamination in Honey

Kumari Beena,Rachna Gulati,T. S. Kathpal 한국양봉학회 2003 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

Role of sweep direction and substrate work function on resistive switching of titanium-di-oxide [TiO2] nanoparticles

Kumari R Anju,Ponnam Anjaneyulu 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.25 No.-

The resistive switching mechanism in titanium-dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NP) is studied using the currentvoltage (I–V) measurements. The TiO2 NP are spin-coated on different substrates like FTO, ITO, Gold, and p- Silicon. The I–V measurements are carried out by changing the initial potential of the substrates to either 0 V (sweep1) or 1 V (sweep2). Resistive switching (RS) was observed only for FTO/TiO2 NP and ITO/TiO2NP devices in sweep1 direction. Whereas, in sweep2 direction, no such RS was observed in any of the devices. The detailed I–V analysis infers the Ohmic conduction followed by space charge limited conduction (SCLC) during the RS forming process for FTO/TiO2 NP and ITO/TiO2NP devices. The Au and p-Si substrates act as blocking contact for TiO2 and exhibit Schottky/thermionic emission at lower voltages and SCLC at higher voltages. The TiO2 NP coated on p-Si substrate exhibits rectifying behaviour with a current ratio of 3 orders of magnitude.

Electrochemical Behaviour of (2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-(2-phenyl-1H-quinolin-4-ylidene)-amine in Aprotic Media

Kumari, Mamta,Sharma, D.K. Korean Chemical Society 2011 대한화학회지 Vol.55 No.1

(2, 4-difluoro-phenyl)-(2-phenyl-1H-quinolin-4-ylidene)-amine의 전기화학적 환원에 대하여 실온에서 순환전압전류 기술을 사용한 유리탄소전극(GCE)에서 N,N-dimethylformamide 하에서 0.1 M tetrabutylammoniumbromide로 조사하였다. 이민의 환원은 각각 한 전자를 포함하면서 2단계의 성공적인 단계로 일어난다. 이 매개물에서 처음 피크는 유리탄소전극 표면에서 약 -0.793 V(vs Ag/$Ag^+$)로 관측되었다. 그리고 그것은 더욱 안정하고 2번째 피크와 비교하여 명확하게 설명된다. 연구된 용매 매개물에서 이민의 확산계수($D_0$)는 수정된 Randles-Sevcik 식을 이용해 계산되었다. 반응 종들의 전자 이동 계수($\alpha$) 또한 계산되었다. The electrochemical reduction of (2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-(2-phenyl-1H-quinolin-4-ylidene)-amine was investigated in 0.1 M tetrabutylammoniumbromide in N,N-dimethylformamide at glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using the technique of cyclic voltammetry at the room temperature (290 K). The reduction of imines occurs in two successive steps, involving one electron in each. In this medium the first peak was observed at about -0.793 V (vs Ag/$Ag^+$) at the glassy carbon electrode surface, which is more stable and well defined as compared to the second peak. The diffusion coefficient ($D_0$) of imine in the investigated solvent media has been calculated using the modified Randles-Sevcik equation. The electron transfer coefficient ($\alpha$) of the reactant species has also been calculated.

Effect of hydrazine on structural, morphological and magnetic properties of SmCo-Co nanocomposites

Kumari Kavita,Kumar Akshay,Park Su-Jeong,Sharma Mohit K.,Yadav Naveen,Kumar Manish,Kumar Shalendra,Huh Seok-Hwan,Kim Jong-Woo,Koo Bon-Heun 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.53 No.-

In the present work, one-dimensional (1-D) SmCo-Co magnetic nanocomposites are prepared in a single-pot chemical synthesis in the presence of external magnetic field with varying amounts of hydrazine hydrate with samples named as: SC-2 mL, SC-4 mL, SC-6 mL and SC-8 mL. The Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns revealed the formation of Sm2Co17 (P63/mmc), Sm(OH)3 (P63/m) and hcp-Co (P63/mmc) phases. The 1-D nanocomposites are found to possess the highest aspect ratio (~6.3), lowest crystallite size (~49 nm) and highest developed strain (~4.76 x 10-3) corresponding to SC-4 mL. The magnetic response of the samples is found to be affected by the hydrazine amount showing highest saturation magnetization (~156 emu/g) and effective magnetic anisotropy (~1.2 x 106 erg/cm3) for SC-4 mL with highest exchange coupling observed using Bloch law fitting. The results indicate suppressing behaviour of hydrazine amount to be utilized up to a certain limit.