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Radiomodifying Potential of Panax ginseng in Liver of Swiss Albino Mice against Gamma Radiation
Mukesh Kumar Sharma,Madhu Kumar,Ashok Kumar 고려인삼학회 2004 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.28 No.2
Panax ginseng occupies an important role in the folk medicine of China, Korea and Japan. The present study was undertaken to determine the radioprotective efficacy of ginseng root extract in the liver of Swiss albino mice. The animals were divided into 4 groups. Group I Only vehicle was administered. Group II-The animals received 10 mg/kg body weight ginseng root extract i.p. for 4 consecutive days. Group III-Animals were irradiated with 8Gy gamma radiation at the dose rate of 1.69 Gy/min at the distance of 80 cms. Group IV -Animals were given by ginseng root extract (10 mglkg body weight) continuously for 4 days and on 4th day they were irradiated with 8 Gy gamma radiation after 3D min. The animals from above groups were autopsied on I. 3, 7. 14 and 30 days. Biochemical estimations of phosphatases (acid & alkaline), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), LPO (lipid peroxidation) and GSH (reduced glutathione) in liver and SGOT (serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase). SGPf (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase) and alkaline phosphatase in serum were done. In ginseng treated group acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP). LPO and LDH in liver and SGOT, SGPf and alkaline phosphatase in serum did not show any significant alteration. However, a signiticant increase in GSH content in liver was recorded. In irradiated group there was a signiticant increase in ACP, ALP and LPO content in liver and SGOT & SGPT in serum was noted. Whereas, a significant decrease was recorded in GSH and LDH activity in liver and alkaline phosphatase activity in sel1lm. Pretreatment of ginseng with radiation significantly alters the biochemical parameters in liver and serum. A significant decline in ACP, ALP activity and LPO content in liver and SGOT and SGPf activity in serum was observed. However, a significant increase in GSH content and LDH activity in liver and ALP activity in serum was estimated. The present study suggests that pretreatment of ginseng before irradiation significantly protects the liver and maintains the enzyme activity.
Mukesh Kumar Gautam,Rajesh Kumar Manhas,Ashutosh Kumar Tripathi 국립중앙과학관 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.9 No.2
We studied vegetation attributes in Indian tropical moist deciduous unmanaged forests to determine the influence of forest disturbances on them. We enumerated 89 species: 72 under moderate disturbance and 54 under least disturbance. The data from 3399 stems [>5 cm diameter at breast height (dbh)] decreased linearly along the disturbance gradient. The basal area was largest in least disturbed forests (61 m2/ha) and smallest in intensely disturbed forest (41 m2/ha). Under least and moderate disturbance, tree density-diameter distribution had negative exponential curves, whereas highly disturbed forests had unimodal-shaped curves where a few trees 5–10 cm and >50 cm in diameter were recorded. Most tree and shrub layer species under heavy and intense disturbance had impaired regeneration. Moderate disturbance intensity thus apparently benefits species diversity, stand density, and regeneration. Decline in seedlings and saplings, especially tree species, threaten forest regeneration and the maintenance of species diversity of unmanaged tropical forests.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Exstrophy of the Bladder
Pramod Kumar Sharma,Praveen Kumar Pandey,Mukesh Kumar Vijay,Malay Kumar Bera,Jitendra Pratap Singh,Kaushik Saha 대한비뇨의학회 2013 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.54 No.8
Exstrophy of the bladder is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of about 1 per 50,000 newborns. The malignant potential of the exstrophied bladder mucosa is well known; 95% are adenocarcinomas, and 3% to 5% are squamous cell carcinomas. Most of the malignant tumors (60%) associated with an exstrophy of the bladder occur during the fourth and fifth decades of life. Of the remaining, about 20% each occur after 60 years and before 40 years. Here we present a case in which squamous cell carcinoma developed in an unrepaired exstrophy of the bladder. We present the management of the case and a brief review of the literature.
Radiomodifying Potential of Panax ginseng in Liver of Swiss Albino Mice against Gamma Radiation
Sharma, Mukesh Kumar,Kumar, Madhu,Kumar, Ashok The Korean Society of Ginseng 2004 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.28 No.2
Panax ginseng occupies an important role in the folk medicine of China, Korea and Japan. The present study was undertaken to determine the radioprotective efficacy of ginseng root extract in the liver of Swiss albino mice. The animals were divided into 4 groups. Group I-Only vehicle was administered. Group II-The animals received 10 mg/kg body weight ginseng root extract i.p. for 4 consecutive days. Group III-Animals were irradiated with 8Gy gamma radiation at the dose rate of 1.69 Gy/min at the distance of 80 ems. Group IV-Animals were given by ginseng root extract (10 mg/kg body weight) continuously for 4 days and on 4th day they were irradiated with 8 Gy gamma radiation after 30 min. The animals from above groups were autopsied on 1,3,7,14 and 30 days. Biochemical estimations of phosphatases (acid & alkaline), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), LPO (lipid peroxidation) and GSH (reduced glutathione) in liver and SGOT (serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase), SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase) and alkaline phosphatase in serum were done. In ginseng treated group acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), LPO and LDH in liver and SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase in serum did not show any significant alteration. However, a significant increase in GSH content in liver was recorded. In irradiated group there was a significant increase in ACP, ALP and LPO content in liver and SGOT & SGPT in serum was noted. Whereas, a significant decrease was recorded in GSH and LDH activity in liver and alkaline phosphatase activity in serum. Pretreatment of ginseng with radiation significantly alters the biochemical parameters in liver and serum. A significant decline in ACP, ALP activity and LPO content in liver and SGOT and SGPT activity in serum was observed. However, a significant increase in GSH content and LDH activity in liver and ALP activity in serum was estimated. The present study suggests that pretreatment of ginseng before irradiation significantly protects the liver and maintains the enzyme activity.
Deposition pattern and throughfall fluxes in secondary cool temperate forest, South Korea
Kumar Gautam, Mukesh,Lee, Kwang-Sik,Song, Byeong -Yeol Elsevier 2017 Atmospheric environment Vol.161 No.-
<P>Chemistry and deposition fluxes in the rainfall and throughfall of red pine (Pinus densiflora), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), and chestnut (Castanea crenata) monocultures, and mixed red pine black locust chestnut stands were examined in a nutrient-limited cool temperate forest of central South Korea. Throughfall was enriched in both basic and acidic constituents relative to rainfall, suggesting that both dry deposition and canopy leaching are important sources of throughfall constituents. Net throughfall fluxes (NTFs) of cations and anions significantly differed among four different stands as well as seasonally. Red pine exhibited highest fluxes (TF and NTF) for Ca2+, black locust for K+, mixed stands for Mg2+, and chestnut for Na+. In contrast, NTF of SO42-, NO3-, and NH(4)(+)was highest in the red pine, intermediate in the chestnut and mixed stands, and lowest in the black locust. In general, canopy uptake of H+ and NH4+ for all stands was higher in summer than in winter. Dry deposition appears to play a major role in atmospheric deposition to this cool temperate forest, especially in summer. Dry deposition for both cations and anions displayed high spatial variability, even though stands were adjacent to one another and experienced identical atmospheric deposition loads. Canopy leaching of K+ (95-78% of NTF), Mg2+ (92-23% of NTF), and Ca2+ (91-12% of NTF) was highest for the black locust, lowest for chestnut, and intermediate for the red pine and mixed stands. The present study documented significant changes in throughfall chemistry and NTF among different forest stands, which presumably be related with the differences in the canopy characteristics and differences in their scavenging capacity for dry deposition and canopy exchange. Difference in the canopy retention of H+ and base cation leaching suggests that canopy exchange was mainly driven by weak acid excretion and lesser by H+ exchange reaction. Our results indicate that despite a high base cation deposition, a combination of higher input of acidifying constituents, low soil pH, and total acidic deposition approaching South Korean critical loads make regional forest vulnerable to acidification. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Investigating water quality of an urban water body using ground and space observations
Kumar Manish,Kumar Mukesh,Denis Derrick Mario,Verma Om Prakash,Mahato Lakhan Lal,Pandey Kamal 대한공간정보학회 2021 Spatial Information Research Vol.29 No.6
Satellite based water quality monitoring and assessment is a thrust area of research. Present study focuses on use of space observations and ground data for assessment of spatial pattern in water quality parameters of an urban water body in Gorakhpur city of Uttar Pradesh, India. Water quality parameters namely, pH, Total Dissolved Solid, Turbidity, Total Hardness, Dissolved Oxygen and Biological Oxygen Demand were measured from the spatially distributed samples collected from the lake. Multiple linear regression models were developed using Landsat-8 OLI data and water quality sampling data to estimate the spatial patterns. It was observed that all the water quality parameters are significantly correlated with the radiance values of the Landsat-8 OLI sensor. Results of the regression model indicate a good agreement between the measured and estimated value of all the water quality parameters i.e., 82%, 70%, 90%, 66%, 84% and 79% respectively. Also, water quality maps when validated with lab tested value showed 71%, 62%, 71%, 55%, 75% and 86% accuracy. This study provides an effective and quick approach for mapping and planning of surface water (Lake) in urban areas with acceptable level of accuracy.