Production of Polyclonal Antibody against Grapevine fanleaf virus Movement Protein Expressed in Escherichia coli

Koolivand, Davoud,Bashir, Nemat Sokhandan,Behjatnia, Seyed Aliakbar,Joozani, Raziallah Jafari The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.5

The genomic region of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) encoding the movement protein (MP) was cloned into pET21a and transformed into Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) to express the protein. Induction was made with a wide range of isopropyl-${\beta}$-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentrations (1, 1.5, and 2 mM) each for duration of 4, 6, or 16 h. However, the highest expression level was achieved with 1 mM IPTG for 4 h. Identity of the expressed protein was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by Western blotting. The expressed 41 kDa protein was purified under denaturing condition by affinity chromatography, reconfirmed by Western blotting and plate-trapped antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PTA-ELISA) before being used as a recombinant antigen to raise polyclonal antibodies in rabbits. Purified anti-GFLV MP immunoglobulines (IgGs) and conjugated IgGs detected the expressed MP and GFLV virions in infected grapevines when used in PTA-ELISA, double antibody sandwich-ELISA, and Western blotting. This is the first report on the production of anti-GFLV MP polyclonal antibodies and application for the virus detection.

Production of Polyclonal Antibody against Grapevine fanleaf virus Movement Protein Expressed in Escherichia coli

Davoud Koolivand,Nemat Sokhandan Bashir,Seyed Aliakbar Behjatnia,Raziallah Jafari Joozani 한국식물병리학회 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.5

The genomic region of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV)encoding the movement protein (MP) was clonedinto pET21a and transformed into Escherichia colistrain BL21 (DE3) to express the protein. Inductionwas made with a wide range of isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside(IPTG) concentrations (1, 1.5, and2 mM) each for duration of 4, 6, or 16 h. However,the highest expression level was achieved with 1 mMIPTG for 4 h. Identity of the expressed protein wasconfirmed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamidegel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by Westernblotting. The expressed 41 kDa protein was purifiedunder denaturing condition by affinity chromatography,reconfirmed by Western blotting and platetrappedantigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(PTA-ELISA) before being used as a recombinant antigento raise polyclonal antibodies in rabbits. Purifiedanti-GFLV MP immunoglobulines (IgGs) and conjugatedIgGs detected the expressed MP and GFLV virionsin infected grapevines when used in PTA-ELISA,double antibody sandwich-ELISA, and Western blotting. This is the first report on the production of anti-GFLV MP polyclonalantibodies and application forthe virus detection.

Feeding di-ammonium phosphate as a phosphorous source in finishing lambs reduced excretion of phosphorus in feces without detrimental effects on animal performance

Abolfazl Koolivand,Mojtaba Yari,Saeed Khalaji,Arjan Jonker 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.4

Objective: Phosphorous (P) sources with greater bioavailability might increase animal production efficiency and decrease environmental pollution. The objective of current study was to determine animal performance, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites and fecal P concentration in finishing lambs fed a diet with either di-calcium phosphate (DCP) or di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as a P source. Methods: Twelve 4-month-old male lambs (initial body weight 24.87±3.4 kg) were randomly allocated to a diet with either DCP or DAP (~261 g/kg of total diet P) fed ad libitum for 93 days. Diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic and had same calcium (Ca) and P concentrations. Results: The DAP contained 19.7 g/kg of dry matter (DM) Ca, 185.4 g/kg DM P and 14,623 ppm fluorine, while DCP contained 230.3 g/kg DM Ca, 195.2 g/kg DM P and 1,039 ppm fluorine. The diet with DAP contained 60 ppm fluorine while the diet with DCP contained 13 ppm fluorine. Lambs fed the diet with DAP tended to have a greater daily DM intake compared to those fed diet with DCP (p = 0.09). Lambs fed DAP had greater plasma P concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity (p≤0.01) compared with lambs fed DCP. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility of the diets were similar between two treatments at days 60 and 90, while they were greater in lambs fed DCP (p<0.05) at day 30 of the trial. Feeding DAP increased P digestibility (58.7% vs 50.2%; p<0.05) and decreased fecal P concentration in lambs compared with feeding DCP (3.1 vs 3.8 g/kg DM; p<0.05). Conclusion: Providing ~261 g/kg of total diet P as DAP in the diet of finishing lambs improved the bioavailability of P in the body and decreased excretion of P in feces without affecting lamb performance.

Simulation of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes Using the Finite Element Method with Concentrated Friction

Majid Koolivand,Reza Rasti Ardakani,Abbas Mahdaviana,Hamid Saffari 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.9

In this paper, the process of simulating the occurrence of an earthquake on the fault plane forthe 2016 Kumamoto, Japan earthquake is investigated dynamically using finite elementmethods. The two-dimensional finite element method is used by concentrating friction at thefinite points. The used element is the elastic element, whose properties are determined basedon the shear wave velocity and longitudinal wave. In order to verify the proposed method, theacceleration and velocity response spectra, Fourier spectrum, and other main parameters ofthe record obtained from the simulation were compared with the Kik-net data. From theobtained results, the role of displacement and velocity of its application to the fault plate inPGA can be pointed out, so that with a faster displacement of the fault plane, a larger PGA isexpected. Friction and shear stiffness between the two fault planes and the dependence offriction on velocity are the main and influential factors in the characteristics of the producedearthquake. In high-frequency earthquakes, friction is dependent on velocity, and whenfriction is not dependent on velocity, static plays a major role, and no drastic changes in theresponse spectrum are observed.

A New Distinct Clade for Iranian Tomato spotted wilt virus Isolates Based on the Polymerase, Nucleocapsid, and Non-structural Genes

Abadkhah, Mahsa,Koolivand, Davoud,Eini, Omid The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2018 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.34 No.6

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV; Genus Orthotospovirus: Family Tospoviridae) is one of the most destructive viruses affecting a wide range of horticultural crops on a worldwide basis. In 2015 and 2016, 171 leaf and fruit samples from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants with viral symptoms were collected from the fields in various regions of Iran. ELISA test revealed that the samples were infected by TSWV. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expected DNA fragments of about 819 bp in length were amplified using a pair of universal primer corresponding to the RNA polymerase gene and DNA fragments of ca 777 bp and 724 bp in length were amplified using specific primers that have been designed based on the nucleocapsid (N) and non-structural (NSs) genes, respectively. The amplified fragments were cloned into pTG19-T and sequenced. Sequence comparisons with those available in the GenBank showed that the sequences belong to TSWV. The high nucleotide identity and similarities of new sequences based on the L, N, and NSs genes showed that minor evolutionary differences exist amongst the isolates. The phylogenetic tree grouped all isolates six clades based on N and NSs genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Iranian isolates were composed a new distinct clade based on a part of polymerase, N and NSs genes. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study on molecular characterization and genetic diversity of TSWV isolates from tomato in Iran that could be known as new clade of TSWV isolates.

Seismic Reliability of Concrete Buildings Considering Probabilistic Distribution of Crack

Mohammad Safi,Majid Koolivand,Hesamoddin Ketabdari,Mahsa Rasouli 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.1

One of the effective factors in the analysis of concrete structures is consideration of the effect of cracking on the structural elements, which directly affects the calculation of the natural periods, the story displacement and other response parameters. In different codes for design of concrete structures, cracking effect is considered as a mean and constant coefficient for each element, while clearly the condition of various components will be different based on loading situation and specifications. In this paper, reliability of stiffness reduction coefficients of the beams and columns due to cracking of concrete in the ACI code is investigated under random distribution of floor live loads using Monte Carlo simulation method, By considering 1,000 modelling loops, calculating accurate crack coefficients of beams and columns and applying them in each model, the reliability of cracking coefficients has been obtained. The results show that the reliability index of these coefficients is very low. Also, other results of this modeling and applying accurate cracking coefficients show that the story displacements and the time period of first and second modes decrease about 40 − 55% and 20 − 30%, respectively, and the reaction forces of the elements, especially the axial and torsional forces increase about 20 − 30%.

A New Distinct Clade for Iranian Tomato spotted wilt virus Isolates Based on the Polymerase, Nucleocapsid, and Non-structural Genes

Mahsa Abadkhah,Davoud Koolivand,Omid Eini 한국식물병리학회 2018 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.34 No.6

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV; Genus Orthotospovirus: Family Tospoviridae) is one of the most destructive viruses affecting a wide range of horticultural crops on a worldwide basis. In 2015 and 2016, 171 leaf and fruit samples from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants with viral symptoms were collected from the fields in various regions of Iran. ELISA test revealed that the samples were infected by TSWV. The results of RTPCR showed that the expected DNA fragments of about 819 bp in length were amplified using a pair of universal primer corresponding to the RNA polymerase gene and DNA fragments of ca 777 bp and 724 bp in length were amplified using specific primers that have been designed based on the nucleocapsid (N) and non-structural (NSs) genes, respectively. The amplified fragments were cloned into pTG19-T and sequenced. Sequence comparisons with those available in the GenBank showed that the sequences belong to TSWV. The high nucleotide identity and similarities of new sequences based on the L, N, and NSs genes showed that minor evolutionary differences exist amongst the isolates. The phylogenetic tree grouped all isolates six clades based on N and NSs genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Iranian isolates were composed a new distinct clade based on a part of polymerase, N and NSs genes. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study on molecular characterization and genetic diversity of TSWV isolates from tomato in Iran that could be known as new clade of TSWV isolates.

Prediction of thickness and fouling rate in pulsating flow heat exchangers, using FLUENT simulator

Nasser Saghatoleslami,Mehdi Koolivand Salooki,Mohammad Ali Armin 한국화학공학회 2010 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.27 No.1

Heat exchangers are an important part of industrial processes as they handle a major portion of total energy consumption. Fouling could have serious impact on their performance and hence affect the economic performance of the process plant. The aim of this work was to simulate the crystallization fouling process in a heat exchanger by developing a C++ program and adopting UDF functions through Fluent software; and hence evaluate all the given models and consequently implement the model which would best suit our particular case. The finding of this work would enable us to evaluate the thickness and fouling rate in the heat exchangers. Furthermore, the effect of pulsating flow on the crystallization fouling of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) in the heat exchanger was also investigated, and the effect of operation of different amplitude of the oscillations (10-70) and frequencies (1.59-12.73 Hz) on the fouling of this compound was studied.

Comparison of RSM and ANN for the investigation of linear alkylbenzene synthesis over H14[NaP5W30O110]/SiO2 catalyst

A. Hafizi,A. AHMADPOUR,M. Koolivand-Salooki,M.M. Heravi,F.F. Bamoharram 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.6

Design of experiments (DOE) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were successfully applied for studying the operating parameters of benzene alkylation with 1-decene over H14[NaP5W30O110]/SiO2catalyst. In this reaction catalyst loading, catalyst weight percent and benzene to 1-decene molar ratio (Bz/C10) were chosen as independent variables in experimental design. Prediction of 1-decene conversion and 2-phenyldecane selectivity was performed applying response surface method (RSM) and ANN models. Final selected multi-layer (3-6-2-2) ANN model resulted a coefficient of determination (R2)of 0.95 for 1-decene conversion and 0.99 for 2-phenyldecane selectivity, while the R2 of RSM was 0.93and 0.92 for these two parameters.