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Partial Conductivity of YSZ Doped with 10 mol% $TiO_2$
Kobayashi, Kiyoshi,Kai, Yukiharu,Yamaguchi, Shu,Kawashima, Tsuyoshi,Iguchi, Yoshiaki The Korean Ceramic Society 1998 The Korean journal of ceramics Vol.4 No.2
Using Hebb-Wagner's asymmetric cell, partial conductivities of holes and electrons in yttria stabilized zirconia doped with 10 mol% TiO2 have been estimated by a dc polarization measurement. The current interrruption method and ac impedance measurements have been also made to evaluate the ionic conductivity and to examine the consistency of the partial conductivities. Partial conductivities of electrons(σn) and holes (σp) were found to be pro-peortional to -1/4 and 1/4 power of partial pressure of oxygen gas, respectively, except for σn at reducing conditions. In comparison with 5 mol% doped YSZ, σn was found to increase with the increase of TiO2 concentration, but σp stayed at almost a constant value.
Preliminary Experiments of Series Elastic Actuator Prototype utilizing Mechanical Resonance
Akihiro Yoshimi,Tsuyoshi Mori,Jun Kobayashi 제어로봇시스템학회 2019 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.10
This study proposes large force generation by a robotic manipulator by means of providing series elastic actuators exploiting mechanical resonance to it instead of powerful actuators. To this end, the authors designed and assembled a prototype of series elastic actuator that resonates at around 1.0 Hz on the basis of its model and identified parameters, and carried out preliminary experiments with it and a load. The prototype actuator consists of a geared DC motor with an encoder and an elastic element. The elastic element is made of two torsion springs so that it can generate torque in both directions. It was confirmed in the preliminary experiments that the prototype actuator resonated at around 0.7 Hz. In addition, in order to prove efficacy of mechanical resonance for large force generation, output torque of the prototype actuator with the elastic element and without it was estimated using their identified physical parameters and dynamics, and compared them. The estimation results showed that the prototype actuator exploiting mechanical resonance generated 2.24 times larger torque than the one without the elastic element.
Foxf2 represses bone formation via Wnt2b/β-catenin signaling
Tanaka Tomoyuki,Takahashi Akira,Kobayashi Yutaka,Saito Masanori,Xiaolong Sun,Jingquan Chen,Ito Yoshiaki,Kato Tsuyoshi,Ochi Hiroki,Sato Shingo,Yoshii Toshitaka,Okawa Atsushi,Carlsson Peter,Inose Hiroyu 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts is a critical process for proper skeletal development and acquisition/maintenance of bone mass. However, since this regulatory mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated, the treatment of severe osteoporosis and fractures is a challenge. Here, through a comprehensive analysis of gene expression during the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts, we show that the forkhead transcription factor Foxf2 is a crucial regulator of this process. Foxf2 expression transiently increased during MSC osteoblastic differentiation. Overexpression of Foxf2 in MSCs inhibited osteoblastic differentiation, and conversely, knockdown of Foxf2 expression promoted this process. Osteoprogenitor-specific Foxf2 knockout mice developed a high bone mass phenotype due to increased bone formation. RNA-seq analysis and molecular experiments revealed that Foxf2 regulation of bone formation is mediated by Wnt2b. Knockdown of Foxf2 in mouse femurs enhanced bone regeneration in vivo. FOXF2 expression was correlated with hip bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. Finally, inhibition of FOXF2 promoted osteoblastic differentiation of human MSCs. This study uncovers a critical role of Foxf2 in the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts and provides insight into the pathogenesis associated with bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis and nonunion after fracture
An, Byung Chull,Sakai, Tsuyoshi,Komaba, Shigeru,Kishi, Hiroko,Kobayashi, Sei,Kim, Jin Young,Ikebe, Reiko,Ikebe, Mistuo American Chemical Society 2014 Biochemistry Vol.53 No.49
<P/><P>Motor activity of myosin III is regulated by autophosphorylation. To investigate the role of the kinase activity on the transporter function of myosin IIIA (Myo3A), we identified the phosphorylation sites of kinase domain (KD), which is responsible for the regulation of kinase activity and thus motor function. Using mass spectrometry, we identified six phosphorylation sites in the KD, which are highly conserved among class III myosins and Ste20-related misshapen (Msn) kinases. Two predominant sites, Thr<SUP>184</SUP> and Thr<SUP>188</SUP>, in KD are important for phosphorylation of the KD as well as the motor domain, which regulates the affinity for actin. In the Caco2 cells, the full-length human Myo3A (hMyo3AFull) markedly enlarged the microvilli, although it did not show discrete localization within the microvilli. On the other hand, hMyo3AFull(T184A) and hMyo3AFull(T188A) both showed clear localization at the microvilli tips. Our results suggest that Myo3A induces large actin bundle formation to form microvilli, and phosphorylation of KD at Thr<SUP>184</SUP> and Thr<SUP>188</SUP> is critical for the kinase activity of Myo3A, and regulation of Myo3A translocation to the tip of microvilli. Retinal extracts potently dephosphorylate both KD and motor domain without IQ motifs (MDIQo), which was inhibited by okadaic acid (OA) with nanomolar range and by tautomycetin (TMC) with micromolar range. The results suggest that Myo3A phosphatase is protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A). Supporting this result, recombinant PP2Ac potently dephosphorylates both KD and MDIQo. We propose that the phosphorylation–dephosphorylation mechanism plays an essential role in mediating the transport and actin bundle formation and stability functions of hMyo3A.</P>
Ardiyanti, Astrid,Abe, Tsuyoshi,Tameoka, Nanae,Kobayashi, Eiji,Shoji, Noriaki,Ohtani, Yoshihisa,Suzuki, Keiichi,Roh, Sang-Gun,Katoh, Kazuo Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.8
Two SNPs, i.e. L127V and T172M, of bovine growth hormone (GH) causing the presence of GH gene haplotypes A, B, and C was previously shown to alter intramuscular fatty acid (FA) composition in Japanese Black (JB) heifers. To determine the SNP effect on somatotropic hormone concentration and lipogenesis, we measured plasma GH, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations. We also measured mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD), and sterol regulatory element binding proteins-1 (SREBP-1) and FA composition in diaphragm tissues. Heifers with genotype CC had the lowest plasma insulin concentration and FASN and SCD mRNA levels among genotypes. FASN mRNA levels in haplotype A tended to positively correlate with saturated FA (SFA) content and negatively correlated with C18:2 and unsaturated FA (USFA) contents. SCD mRNA levels in haplotype A positively correlated with monounsaturated FA (MUFA) contents and negatively correlated with C18:0 content. They also tended to positively correlate with C16:1, C18:1, and USFA contents and USFA/SFA ratio and negatively correlate with SFA content. Taken together, GH gene polymorphism affects the lipogenic genes expression levels and their relationships with fatty acid compositions in diaphragm tissues of JB heifers at 31 months of age.
Permeability imaging in granitic rocks based on surface resistivity profiling
Sudo Hiroshi,Tanaka Toshikazu,Kobayashi Tsuyoshi,Kondo Tatsutoshi,Takahashi Toru,Miyamoto Masaharu,Amagai Mitsuru Korean Society of Earth and Exploration Geophysici 2004 지구물리와 물리탐사 Vol.7 No.1
In order to image the distribution of permeability in granitic rocks, we carried out two-dimensional (2D) resistivity profiling, together with in-situ permeability tests, electrical logging of boreholes, and resistivity measurements of rock core samples in a laboratory. Based on the electrical logging and in-situ permeability data from boreholes, we obtained empirical equations which relate resistivity and permeability of the granitic rocks in the area studied. We then applied the empirical equation to a 2D resistivity section, to produce a 2D permeability section of the granitic rocks. In this paper, we present details of the field data and of the procedure for conversion from the resistivity section to a permeability section. The observed relationship between resistivity and permeability of the rocks is also discussed.