Horizontal and Vertical Intra-Industry Trade in Trans-Tasman Bilateral Trade

( Kishor Sharma ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2004 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.19 No.3

This paper disentangles trans-Tasman intra-industry trade (IIT) into horizontal IIT (HIIT) and vertical IIT (VIIT), and uses country-specific features to investigate their determinants in an econometric framework. Results suggest that trans-Tasman IIT is dominated by VIIT and concentrates mainly (about 50%) on two highly protected industries, namely machinery and equipment, and textile, clothing and footwear. This suggests that the closer economic relations (CER) may be contributing to trade diversion rather than trade creation. It appears that despite similarity in resource endowments between Australia and New Zealand the determinants of HIIT and VIIT are sensitive to the country specific characteristics. Hence, assuming similarity across countries in cross-country studies is unjustifiable.

MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY OF THE SECOND-ORDER EFFECTS OF CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONS IN THE PLANAR COUETTE FLOW

K. Sharma(쿨딥 샤르마),Kishore K. Kammara(키쇼르 쿠마르 카마라),R.S. Myong(명노신) 한국전산유체공학회 2021 한국전산유체공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.5

Study of Liver Enzymes in Patient with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Hospital Based Study

( Naval Kishor Yadav ),( Daya Ram Pokharel ),( Dinesh Sharma ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

Imperfect Competition , Returns to Scale and Productivity Growth in Australian Manufacturing : A Smooth Transition Approach to Trade Liberalisation

(Edward Oczkowski),(Kishor Sharma) 한국국제경제학회 2001 International Economic Journal Vol.15 No.2

Clonal Propagation of Triploid Acorus calamus Linn. Using Dual-Phase Culture System

Sandhyarani, Ningthoujam,Kishor, Rajkumar,Sharma, Gurumayum Jitendra 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.3

Acorus calamus is an important medicinal plant which has been used in Indian traditional medicine since time immemorial. Various bioactive molecules, viz., acorin, ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-asarone, asaryldehyde, caryophylene, isoasarone, methylisoeugenol, and safrol have been isolated from this plant. However, the use of this plant for medicinal purpose has been recently banned due to the high toxic property of ${\beta}$-asarone. The triploid Acorus calamus is reported to be low in ${\beta}$-asarone content and thus found to be the ideal raw material for medicinal use. The present investigation represents our finding for successful in vitro clonal propagation of the elite triploid accessions of Acorus calamus for mass propagation. In the dual-phase culture system consisting of agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium overlaid by liquid fraction of the same medium, maximum multiple shoot induction was favored by supplementation of ${\alpha}$-naphthaleneacetic acid (0.5 mg $L^{-1}$) and 6-benzylaminopurine (2.0 mg $L^{-1}$). In vitro rooting of the micros hoots was maximum in the medium supplemented with indolebutyric acid at 2.0 mg $L^{-1}$. The well-rooted microshoots could be successfully hardened and transplanted in the field. This result can be reproduced and is a viable protocol for successful clonal propagation of the seedless triploid Acorus calamus for conservation and sustainable development.

Microrhizome Induction in Acorus calamus Linn. - An Important Medicinal and Aromatic Plant

Ningthoujam Sandhyarani Devi,Rajkumar Kishor,Gurumayum Jitendra Sharma 한국원예학회 2012 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.53 No.5

An effective protocol for in vitro microrhizome induction was developed for Acorus calamus. The explants,rhizome axillary buds, were cultured on dual phase Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium consisting of agar solidified phase overlaid by liquid fraction of the same medium. In this study, the effects of indole butyric acid (IBA) and α–naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) containing 2-10% (w/v) sucrose were examined on microrhizome induction. Best response was observed on the medium supplemented with 2.0 mg·L-1IBA and 60% sucrose under 16/8 hours light/dark photoperiod which produced the maximum rhizome fresh weight (0.82 g) and size (length 4.8 cm; diameter 0.55 cm) in 6weeks. The microrhizomes had 7-8 buds which were developed independent of season and each segment sprouted into roots and shoots when transplanted to soil. This protocol can be adopted for various applications, viz., large scale production of propagules of elite cytotype, in vitro conservation of the microrhizome, synthesis of secondary metabolites and for studying the biosynthetic pathways of the bioactive molecules present in the rhizomes of this important medicinal and aromatic plant.

Understanding Heavy Metal Stress in a Rice Crop: Toxicity, Tolerance Mechanisms, and Amelioration Strategies

Namira Arif,Nilesh C. Sharma,Vaishali Yadav,Naleeni Ramawat,Nawal Kishore Dubey,Durgesh Kumar Tripathi,Devendra Kumar Chauhan,Shivendra Sahi 한국식물학회 2019 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.62 No.4

Heavy metal (HMs) pollution is regarded as oneof the major concerns for soil and water, causing varieties oftoxic and stress effects on plants and ecosystems. It hasbecome one of the important limiting factors to cropproductivity and quality. Due to an ever-increasing populationgrowth and food demands, this situation has further worsened. Rice, a leading staple food crop that feeds more than 50%populations of the world, is constantly affected by abioticstressors including HMs. In most of the countries, a majorsource of HM intake by humans is the rice grain producedthrough the paddy soils contaminated with HMs such as As,Al, Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, Hg, Mn, Se, and Zn. Thus, gradualagglomeration of HMs in rice grains and their subsequenttransfer to the food chain is a major menace to agricultureand human health. In recent years, several studies examinedthe impact of HMs toxicity on rice at multiple levels:molecular, biochemical, physiological, cellular and tissue,and demonstrated a correlation between HMs toxicity andthe decreasing trend in rice productivity. Therefore, it isnecessary to understand the interaction of HMs with ricecrop spanning from the cell to whole plant level and deviseappropriate effective means to alleviate these stress responses. This review focuses on tracing the pathways involved instress responses and stress tolerance mechanisms displayedby different varieties of rice. However, it is essential touncover the mechanisms related to stress responses in ricefor designing improved investigations to develop novelvarieties with high attributes. Therefore, this communication summarizes various defense strategies induced against HMstress and includes the function of metabolites (metabolomics),trace elements (ionomics), transcription factors (transcriptomics),and various stress-inducible proteins (proteomics) includingthe role of plant hormones.

Clonal Propagation of Triploid Acorus calamus Linn. Using Dual-Phase Culture System

Ningthoujam Sandhyarani,Gurumayum Jitendra Sharma,Rajkumar Kishor 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.3

Acorus calamus is an important medicinal plant which has been used in Indian traditional medicine since time immemorial. Various bioactive molecules, viz., acorin, α- and β–asarone, asaryldehyde, caryophylene, isoasarone, methylisoeugenol, and safrol have been isolated from this plant. However, the use of this plant for medicinal purpose has been recently banned due to the high toxic property of β-asarone. The triploid Acorus calamus is reported to be low in β-asarone content and thus found to be the ideal raw material for medicinal use. The present investigation represents our finding for successful in vitro clonal propagation of the elite triploid accessions of Acorus calamus for mass propagation. In the dual-phase culture system consisting of agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium overlaid by liquid fraction of the same medium, maximum multiple shoot induction was favored by supplementation of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (0.5 mg L^(-1) ) and 6-benzylaminopurine (2.0 mg L^(-1) ). In vitro rooting of the microshoots was maximum in the medium supplemented with indolebutyric acid at 2.0 mg L^(-1) . The well-rooted microshoots could be successfully hardened and transplanted in the field. This result can be reproduced and is a viable protocol for successful clonal propagation of the seedless triploid Acorus calamus for conservation and sustainable development.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of two contrasting genotypes provides new insights into the drought response mechanism in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.)

Pahal Suman,Srivastava Harsha,Saxena Swati,Tribhuvan Kishor U.,Kaila Tanvi,Sharma Sandhya,Grewal Sapna,Singh Nagendra K.,Gaikwad Kishor 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.1

Background Despite plant's ability to adapt and withstand challenging environments, drought poses a severe threat to their growth and development. Although pigeon pea is already quite resistant to drought, the prolonged dehydration induced by the aberrant climate poses a serious threat to their survival and productivity. Objective Comparative physiological and transcriptome analyses of drought-tolerant (CO5) and drought-sensitive (CO1) pigeon pea genotypes subjected to drought stress were carried out in order to understand the molecular basis of drought tolerance in pigeon pea. Methods The transcriptomic analysis allowed us to examine how drought affects the gene expression of C. cajan. Using bioinformatics tools, the unigenes were de novo assembled, annotated, and functionally evaluated. Additionally, a homology-based sequence search against the droughtDB database was performed to identify the orthologs of the DEGs. Results 1102 potential drought-responsive genes were found to be differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes. These included Abscisic acid insensitive 5 (ABI5), Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit A-7 (NF-YA7), WD40 repeat-containing protein 55 (WDR55), Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Zinc-finger homeodomain protein 6 (ZF-HD6) and were highly expressed in the tolerant genotype. Further, GO analysis revealed that the most enriched classes belonged to biosynthetic and metabolic processes in the biological process category, binding and catalytic activity in the molecular function category and nucleus and protein-containing complex in the cellular component category. Results of KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly abundant in signalling pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK signalling pathways. Consequently, in our investigation, we have identified and validated by qPCR a group of genes involved in signal reception and propagation, stress-specific TFs, and basal regulatory genes associated with drought response. Conclusion In conclusion, our comprehensive transcriptome dataset enabled the discovery of candidate genes connected to pathways involved in pigeon pea drought response. Our research uncovered a number of unidentified genes and transcription factors that could be used to understand and improve susceptibility to drought. Background Despite plant's ability to adapt and withstand challenging environments, drought poses a severe threat to their growth and development. Although pigeon pea is already quite resistant to drought, the prolonged dehydration induced by the aberrant climate poses a serious threat to their survival and productivity. Objective Comparative physiological and transcriptome analyses of drought-tolerant (CO5) and drought-sensitive (CO1) pigeon pea genotypes subjected to drought stress were carried out in order to understand the molecular basis of drought tolerance in pigeon pea. Methods The transcriptomic analysis allowed us to examine how drought affects the gene expression of C. cajan. Using bioinformatics tools, the unigenes were de novo assembled, annotated, and functionally evaluated. Additionally, a homology-based sequence search against the droughtDB database was performed to identify the orthologs of the DEGs. Results 1102 potential drought-responsive genes were found to be differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes. These included Abscisic acid insensitive 5 (ABI5), Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit A-7 (NF-YA7), WD40 repeat-containing protein 55 (WDR55), Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Zinc-finger homeodomain protein 6 (ZF-HD6) and were highly expressed in the tolerant genotype. Further, GO analysis revealed that the most enriched classes belonged to biosynthetic and metabolic processes in the biological process category, binding and catalytic activity in the molecular function category and nucleus and protein-containing complex in the cellular component category. Results of KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly abundant in signalling pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK signalling pathways. Consequently, in our investigation, we have identified and validated by qPCR a group of genes involved in signal reception and propagation, stress-specific TFs, and basal regulatory genes associated with drought response. Conclusion In conclusion, our comprehensive transcriptome dataset enabled the discovery of candidate genes connected to pathways involved in pigeon pea drought response. Our research uncovered a number of unidentified genes and transcription factors that could be used to understand and improve susceptibility to drought.

Predicting recurrence in oral cavity cancers: a review of 116 patients with buccal mucosa carcinoma in northwestern India

Pinakin Patel,Pranav Mohan Singhal,Kamal Kishor Lakhera,Aishwarya Chatterjee,Agil Babu,Suresh Singh,Shubhra Sharma,Bhoopendra Singh Gora,Naina Kumar Agarwal 대한두개안면성형외과학회 2023 Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Vol.24 No.5

Background: Oral cavity cancers, the second most common type in India, are responsible for 10% of the overall cancer burden. With a recurrence rate of 30% to 40% and a 5-year survival rate of 50%, these malignancies account for substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in treatment modalities, survival rates following treatment completion have not improved significantly. The present study aimed to establish specific epidemiological and pathological factors responsible for recurrence after treatment completion in buccal mucosa cancers. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the data of 116 patients treated for biopsy-proven cancers of the buccal mucosa was undertaken 1 year after treatment completion. Factors such as age, sex, education, lymphovascular invasion, extranodal extension (ENE), perineural invasion, depth of invasion, and pathological margin status were compared between patients who presented with recurrence and those who did not. Statistical significance was set at p< 0.05. Results: Of the 116 patients, 40 (34.5%) developed a recurrent disease within 1 year. The mean age of the study population was 43.3 years, and males constituted 91.4% of the included patients. Ipsilateral buccal mucosa was the commonest site of disease recurrence. Neck node metastasis, ENE, and margins of resection < 5 mm were significantly related to the recurrence of disease. However, surprisingly, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and depth of invasion > 10 mm did not show statistically significant associations. Conclusion: Neck node metastasis, ENE, and margins of resection < 5 mm were the histopathological factors associated with recurrence in cancers of the buccal mucosa.