Clonal Propagation of Triploid Acorus calamus Linn. Using Dual-Phase Culture System

Sandhyarani, Ningthoujam,Kishor, Rajkumar,Sharma, Gurumayum Jitendra 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.3

Acorus calamus is an important medicinal plant which has been used in Indian traditional medicine since time immemorial. Various bioactive molecules, viz., acorin, ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-asarone, asaryldehyde, caryophylene, isoasarone, methylisoeugenol, and safrol have been isolated from this plant. However, the use of this plant for medicinal purpose has been recently banned due to the high toxic property of ${\beta}$-asarone. The triploid Acorus calamus is reported to be low in ${\beta}$-asarone content and thus found to be the ideal raw material for medicinal use. The present investigation represents our finding for successful in vitro clonal propagation of the elite triploid accessions of Acorus calamus for mass propagation. In the dual-phase culture system consisting of agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium overlaid by liquid fraction of the same medium, maximum multiple shoot induction was favored by supplementation of ${\alpha}$-naphthaleneacetic acid (0.5 mg $L^{-1}$) and 6-benzylaminopurine (2.0 mg $L^{-1}$). In vitro rooting of the micros hoots was maximum in the medium supplemented with indolebutyric acid at 2.0 mg $L^{-1}$. The well-rooted microshoots could be successfully hardened and transplanted in the field. This result can be reproduced and is a viable protocol for successful clonal propagation of the seedless triploid Acorus calamus for conservation and sustainable development.

Whitefly, Trialeurodes ricini (Genn) feeding stress induced defense responses in castor, Ricinus communis L. plants

Sandhyarani Kurra,Usha Rani Pathipati 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.3

Behavioral responses of whitefly, Trialeurodes ricini's parasitoid, Encarsia formosa to induced plant surface chemicals due to T. ricini infestation of castor, Ricinus communis (L.) plants were studied. The impact of whitefly infestation in the form of quantitative and qualitative changes in the leaf biochemical constituents was also analyzed. The results of Y-tube olfactometer assays performed to investigate the role of pest induced plant semiochemicals in locating host plants by E. formosa showed that whitefly induced plants were not attractive to conspecifics and that the crude surface extracts of infested plants were attractive to the parasitoid when tested against extracts of uninfested plants. Hexane extract of whiteflies was more attractive to E. formosa when tested against surface chemicals of infested plants. The total free amino acids, proteins and the secondary metabolites such as phenols enhanced in whitefly fed plants. On the other hand, total carbohydrate content was reduced in whitefly infested castor leaves over healthy ones. Enzyme analyses after whitefly infestation showed that pest feeding significantly increased the activities of foliar phenyl alanine ammonia lyase (PAL), poly phenol oxidase (PPO) and catalase (CAT). A decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activities was evident in pest infested plants. The individual phenolic acids from pest fed plants were identified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and comparedwith normal, intact plants. Hence it is concluded that pest infested plants exhibited defense strategies which may be exploited as a tool in the Integrated Pest Management for crop protection.

Clonal Propagation of Triploid Acorus calamus Linn. Using Dual-Phase Culture System

Ningthoujam Sandhyarani,Gurumayum Jitendra Sharma,Rajkumar Kishor 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.3

Acorus calamus is an important medicinal plant which has been used in Indian traditional medicine since time immemorial. Various bioactive molecules, viz., acorin, α- and β–asarone, asaryldehyde, caryophylene, isoasarone, methylisoeugenol, and safrol have been isolated from this plant. However, the use of this plant for medicinal purpose has been recently banned due to the high toxic property of β-asarone. The triploid Acorus calamus is reported to be low in β-asarone content and thus found to be the ideal raw material for medicinal use. The present investigation represents our finding for successful in vitro clonal propagation of the elite triploid accessions of Acorus calamus for mass propagation. In the dual-phase culture system consisting of agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium overlaid by liquid fraction of the same medium, maximum multiple shoot induction was favored by supplementation of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (0.5 mg L^(-1) ) and 6-benzylaminopurine (2.0 mg L^(-1) ). In vitro rooting of the microshoots was maximum in the medium supplemented with indolebutyric acid at 2.0 mg L^(-1) . The well-rooted microshoots could be successfully hardened and transplanted in the field. This result can be reproduced and is a viable protocol for successful clonal propagation of the seedless triploid Acorus calamus for conservation and sustainable development.

Microrhizome Induction in Acorus calamus Linn. - An Important Medicinal and Aromatic Plant

Ningthoujam Sandhyarani Devi,Rajkumar Kishor,Gurumayum Jitendra Sharma 한국원예학회 2012 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.53 No.5

An effective protocol for in vitro microrhizome induction was developed for Acorus calamus. The explants,rhizome axillary buds, were cultured on dual phase Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium consisting of agar solidified phase overlaid by liquid fraction of the same medium. In this study, the effects of indole butyric acid (IBA) and α–naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) containing 2-10% (w/v) sucrose were examined on microrhizome induction. Best response was observed on the medium supplemented with 2.0 mg·L-1IBA and 60% sucrose under 16/8 hours light/dark photoperiod which produced the maximum rhizome fresh weight (0.82 g) and size (length 4.8 cm; diameter 0.55 cm) in 6weeks. The microrhizomes had 7-8 buds which were developed independent of season and each segment sprouted into roots and shoots when transplanted to soil. This protocol can be adopted for various applications, viz., large scale production of propagules of elite cytotype, in vitro conservation of the microrhizome, synthesis of secondary metabolites and for studying the biosynthetic pathways of the bioactive molecules present in the rhizomes of this important medicinal and aromatic plant.

Mechanical properties of bamboo-epoxy composites a structural application

Biswas, Sandhyarani Techno-Press 2012 Advances in materials research Vol.1 No.3

In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composites were studied. Composites were fabricated using short bamboo fiber at four different fiber loading (0 wt%, 15 wt%, 30 wt% and 45 wt%). It has been observed that few properties increases significantly with respect to fiber loading, however properties like void fraction increases from 1.71% to 5.69% with the increase in fiber loading. Hence, in order to reduce the void fraction, improve hardness and other mechanical properties silicon carbide (SiC) filler is added in bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composites at four different weight percentages (0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt% and 15 wt%) by keeping fiber loading constant (45 wt%). The significant improvement of hardness (from 46 to 57 Hv) at 15 wt%SiC, tensile strength (from 10.48 to 13.44 MPa) at 10 wt% SiC, flexural strength (from 19.93 to 29.53 MPa) at 5 wt%SiC and reduction of void fraction (from 5.69 to 3.91%) at 5 wt%SiC is observed. The results of this study indicate that using particulate filled bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composites could successfully develop a composite material in terms of high strength and rigidity for light weight applications compared to conventional bamboo composites. Finally, SEM studies were carried out to evaluate fibre/matrix interactions.

Self-Assembled Supramolecular Nano-Structures of Fullerene[60] Pentapod

이정필,Sandhyarani Acharya,Shashadhar Samal,이재석 한국고분자학회 2008 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.33 No.2

Comparative evaluation of photobiomodulation therapy at 660 and 810 nm wavelengths on the soft tissue local anesthesia reversal in pediatric dentistry: an in-vivo study

Ankita Annu,Sujatha Paranna,Anil T. Patil,Sandhyarani B.,Adhithi Prakash,Renuka Rajesh Bhurke 대한치과마취과학회 2023 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.23 No.4

Background: Local anesthesia has been reliably used to control pain during dental procedures and is important in pediatric dentistry. However, children occasionally complain of prolonged numbness after dental treatment, leading to several problems. Studies conducted to reverse the effect of local anesthesia using phentolamine mesylate and photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) are encouraging but limited. PBM is a type of light therapy that utilizes visible and near-infrared non-ionizing electromagnetic spectral light sources. Hence, this study used this modality to compare the reversal of local anesthesia at two different wavelengths. This study compared the effect of PBM at 660 and 810 nm wavelengths on the reversal of soft tissue local anesthesia using a diode LASER in pediatric dentistry. Method: Informed consent and assent were obtained, and the participants were then divided randomly into three groups of 20 children each: control group-without LASER irradiation, LASER irradiation at 660 nm, and LASER irradiation at 810 nm. Sixty children aged 4–8 years with deciduous mandibular molars indicated for pulp therapy were administered an inferior alveolar nerve block. After 45 min of injection, a duration that was similar to the approximate duration of treatment, they were exposed to 660- and 810-nm LASER irradiation according to their groups until reversal of local anesthesia was achieved. The control group did not undergo LASER irradiation. The reversal of the soft tissue local anesthetic effect was evaluated using palpation and pin prick tests every 15 min, and the LASER irradiation cycle continued until reversal of the soft tissue local anesthesia was achieved. Results: A significant reduction of 55.5 min (27.6%) in the mean soft tissue local anesthesia reversal time was observed after the application of 810 nm wavelength PBM and 69 min (34.7%) after 660 nm wavelength LASER irradiation. Conclusion: PBM with a 660 nm wavelength was more effective in reducing the mean soft tissue local anesthesia reversal duration, and thus can be used as a reversal agent for soft tissue local anesthesia in pediatric dentistry.