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Statistical Process Analysis of Medical Incidents
Suzuki, Norio,Kirihara, Sojiro,Ootaki, Atsushi,Kitajima, Masanori,Nakamura, Shinobu 한국품질경영학회 2001 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.2 No.2
Personnel engaged in the medical field have implemented continual improvement by team activities in an effort to construct a system that reduces the risks involved in medical care. Knowledge in total quality management (TQM), especially statistical quality control (SQC) developed for industry, seems to be applicable to medical care. This paper describes the application of SQC to continual improvement in medical care.
Kim, Dae-Gun,Koyama, Emiko,Kikkawa, Yoshihiro,Kirihara, Kazuhiro,Naitoh, Yasuhisa,Kim, Deok-Soo,Tokuhisa, Hideo,Kanesato, Masatoshi,Koshizaki, Naoto IOP Pub 2007 Nanotechnology Vol.18 No.20
<P>Au/SiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposite films consisting of an extremely high number density of Au nanoparticles dispersed in a SiO<SUB>2</SUB> matrix a few nanometres thick were deposited by a co-sputtering method, and employed for molecular conductance measurement by immobilizing and bridging conjugated biphenyl molecules on dispersed Au nanoparticles. The number density of Au nanoparticles in the insulating SiO<SUB>2</SUB> matrix was approximately 14 000 µm<SUP>−2</SUP>, and the average interparticle distance from their neighbours was about 8 nm. The current increased considerably up to the range of nanoamperes after the immobilization of the conjugated biphenyl molecules, 10<SUP>5</SUP> times larger than without molecules before immobilization. Although the Au nanoparticles can be connected to only 30% of all combinations of neighbouring Au nanoparticles by biphenyl molecules 2.4 nm long from the topological analysis, the biphenyl molecules can bridge most of the Au nanoparticles, and their bridging continuity is over 100 nm in length. Thus the measured current is suggested to come from the continuously bridged molecules between the Au nanoparticles. Furthermore the <I>I</I>–<I>V</I> data of the whole Au/SiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposite film immobilized with conjugated molecules are confirmed to be in a reasonable range in comparison with the scanning tunnelling spectroscopy data of similar conjugated molecules.</P>