벼 大單位 增産團地栽培에 關한 經營實態調査 : 慶南地方의 5個 團地를 中心으로

金厚根,金正敎,尹泰圭,河湖成,張權烈 慶尙大學校 1975 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Recently large scale cooperative rice production system has been promoted. This cooperative rice production system is intended to promote introducing a set of new technology which may not be suitable for individual small scale farms to adopt. And this system is believed to be one of important public programs to achieve productivity growth policy goal in Korea. Nevertheless, there seem to exist several problems for this public program to widely introduce to over-all nation. This is one of main objectives that this study intends to investigate. In order to study comparative characteristics of the large scale rice cooperative farm in terms of resource base and organization 99 farms which are member farms and 100 farms which are non-member individual farms have been selected and interviewed from five large scale cooperative farm areas in Gyeong-Nam Province in 1974. The important findings can be summarized as follows: 1) Most of operators af both classes belong to age cohert 40∼50, but the average educational level for member farm operators is higher than that for non-member. 2) The average scale Of rice paddy for member farms, 13.1 tanbO, is larger than that for non-member, 10.6, and the same thing is true for average size of rice paddy plots which is, respectively, 805 pyeong and 690. 3) Completely irrigated paddy for member farms is 99 percent of total paddy owned whereas that for non-member is 81, and consolidated paddy for member farms is 67 percent while that for non-member is 26.4. On the other hand, technically improved paddy other than indicated above for member farms is 32 percent, but that for non-member is only 8.3. 4) Number of rice varieties adopted is 9 for both classes. The most popular variety for member farm is Akibare(36%) whereas that for non-member is Sadominori(29.3%) and Akibare (28.4%). 5) Labor used is 13.5 man per tanbo for member farms and 12.4 for non-member. More labor is used for improving soil quality and protection for member farms whereas less labor is used for preparatory works such as seed bed, sterilization, and water management in the case of the member farm. 6) In the case of member farms, the type of work which is achieved cooperatively by more than 70 percent is purchasing or exchaging seeds, sterilization, and plant protection. Despite seed bad, water management, transplanting and the like being more or less suitable for cooperative work, the proportion of those works done cooperatively is relatively small as compared to what we expected. 7) According to farmers interviewed, variety selection, plant protection, seed bed, transplanting fertilization, water management, and harvesting works are more easier for cooperation, in order importance. 8) Cooperative farmers were cultivating a leading variety, Tongil, which showed higher yields than ordinary varieties and had a desire to be released a new high yielding variety which has a characteristics of highly resistance to dsease and insect. 9) Cooperative farmers were forced to begin the nusery bed earlier than the individual farmers and to emphasize on the disease and insect control with more frequencies. 10) Cooperative farmers had benefits in the seedling transplanting earlier and higher planting density than individual farmers. 11) Cooperative farmers had an intention to apply a deep fertilization method arid to dress heavier nitrogen with a reasonable ratio of the basal fertilization to the top dressing. 12) Cooperative farmers had a convenient irrigation system and were available to adopt a summer drainage method. 13) Cooperative farmers controlled the weed with agricultural chemicals arid recognized the control effect of weedcides. 14) In general, it was recognized that there happened somewhat benefit result in disease control in the cooperative farm while a reasonable control effect was not found in heavy prevailing case. The dominant diseases found in the cooperative farm were sheath bright, strip disease and they were to he prevented with a strong efforts. 15) Rice stem borer and grass leaf roller were effelctivey controlled in the cooperative farm, however, plant hoppers was not completely controlled by the usual method because of its unexpected prevalence. 16) The most difficult thing to cooperate they indicate is to supply an adequate amount of labor at appropriate time in tire labor peak season. In this sense, it seems necessary to introduce field machinary in order to achieve the objective of large scale cooperative rice production. 17) Farmers interviewed believe that technology concerning yield increase is most important. in this respect, it is important to develop such new technology, to diseminate its results and to train good quality extension workers. 18) 42 percent of member farm operators indicate that the cooperative system was successful and 25 percent indicate failed. 29 percent of non-member farmers think that the cooperative farm system was successful and 7 percent of them think failed. Thus 55 percent of non-member farmers indicate they are willing to join to the system in the next year, 7 percent of them are not and others have not decided yet. 19) 60 percent of member farmers think that the scale and number of members of the system were too much large to successfully cooperate and 67 percent of them believe that cooperation among members were not very developed, and 42 percent of members suppose what the leader of individual active farms were not very well functioning. 20) Number of member farmers who believe that the yield level in this year is increased as compared that before joining to the system is 3,4 percent, and no one indicated that the yield level is decreased. On the other hand, 22 percent of them believe that by participating to the system the same quality of paddy could produce more rice. 21) About 93 percent of member farmers believe that the system may not lie survived without support of government and i priority must be given to yield technology. 22) About 80 percent of member operators indicate that they would partioipate to the program in the next production year and 23 percent of them indicate that they would participate with the same amount of paddy land as this year. 23) The rice yield level for member and non-member farms is, respectively, 406kg and 346 per tanbo, and the former is 17.3 percent higher than the latter. 24) The cash expenses per tanbo for member and non-member farms is, respectively, 12,311 won and 10,398. 25) The gross revenud per tanbo for both classes is, respectively, 60,024 won, and 51,303 when evaluated by the official price level, and the net income is, respectively, 47,713 won and 40,905. As seen above, the fact that the rice yield level of member farmers, hence, the income level turns out to be higher seems to stem from two basic factors; that is, on the average, the member farmers are operating farm with an improved resource base and they seem to use more the so called conventional inputs with a better yield technology and management. Thus we may conclude that it is important to invest to improve resource quality, to innovate new yield technology and diseminate this innovation. At the same time, in order to more promote the cooperative system, it seems desirable to solve the following problem areas: 1) Number of member farms and paddy area covered by one cooperaitve unit seems better not to he very large. This seems so because there is on much scale economies owing to the nature of technology available to adopt, whereas a large member unit may restrict opportunity of individual members to deeply involve in the process of decision making. Thus we recommend to continue to study finding an optimum size of the unit. 2) As implied already, quality as well as quantity of extension workers and other local officers who lead this program area crucial factor to expand number of unit of the system and hence to achieve the objective of the program. 3) In order to get rid of labor deficit, especially in the labor peak season farm mechanization seems necessary. For this matter, it is worthwhile to promote, first of all, to invent suitable field machinery, secondly, land consolidation and other land improvement projects, and thirdly to innovate a new technology system suitable to mechanized farming. At any rate, it is also necessary for the government to supply an adequate amount of credit and other administrative support.

전기화학법에 의해 형성된 Ti 양극산화피막의 특성

김태영,손원우,권태엽,강인규,김교한 大韓齒科器材學會 2002 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.29 No.3

The effects of electrolyte concentration and current density on the behaviour of volt-time curve of the anodizing, morphology, roughness, crystallinity and composition of the oxide layer were studied. Microstructural morphology, crystallinity, composition and surface roughness of oxide layer were analyzed by observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD), Energy-dispersive spectrometer(EDS), Electron Probe Micro Analyzer(EPMA)and roughness tester, respectively. The results of this study showed that the voltage incresed as the anodizing time increase. The growth of the oxide film developed a barrier layer to a pore-like layer with an increasing of current density, arising a spark discharge. On the morphology of anodic oxide layer the number and size of porosity was increased by increasing anodizing time at a constant concentration of electrolyte. The size of porosity and the roughness of the anodic oxide layer were increased by the increasing of concentration of electrolyte. The anodic oxide layer obtained in the conditions of this experiment was identified as anatase. The crystallinity of oxide layer was decreased by increasing the concentration of electrolyte at constant current density, and increased by the increasing current density at constant electrolyte concentration. In the EPMA analysis of anodic oxide layer, the concentration of phosphorous was increasing the electrolyte concentration and increasing the final voltage at constant electrolyte concentration, The ratio of O/Ti of the oxide layer obtained in this experiment was near 2 confirming this oxide layer was TiO₂

초음파 기법을 활용한 콘크리트 구조물의 내부 균열 검출

김태식,신동익,진교홍,진치섭 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2002 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.61 No.-

최근, 콘크리트 구조물(터널, 고가교 등)에서의 박리 및 낙하사고 등으로 콘크리트 구조물에 대한 유지관리시스템의 중요성이 재인식되었다. 콘크리트 구조물의 유지관리 및 보수시 조사·분석해야 할 가장 중요한 결함 요인은 콘크리트의 균열이다. 콘크리트의 균열은 내부에 발생하지만 구조적으로 문제가 없는 경우도 상당수 있으므로 종합적으로 분석하여 상태를 평가해야 하며 균열 상태는 폭, 깊이, 방향, 형상의 측면에서 조사 분석해야 한다. 이중 균열 깊이가 구조물의 안전거동에 미치는 영향이 큰 경우에는 콘크리트에 발생된 균열 깊이를 정확히 측정하여 정도에 따른 적절한 대책을 수립해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 콘크리트에 이미 발생된 균열의 초음파 탐상검사 방법으로 측정된 결과를 이해하기 쉽도록 3차원으로 화상처리 하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해, 서로 다른 균열 형상의 12가지 시험편을 제작하고 초음파 탐상검사 방법으로 균열 깊이를 측정한 후 균열 형상을 화상처리 할 수 있는 프로그램을 작성하였다. Cracks of concrete structure must be analyzed and estimated synthetically in order to have a maintenance and to insure the safety and the durability of structure. Concrete cracks have to be surveyed with respect to depth, width, shape and direction, but crack depth and shape among these items are not measured easily. Occasionally, it needs to measure the crack depth and shape of concrete structure for the purpose of evaulating the safe capacity and the necessity of repair. Therefore, experiments were carried with three-dimensional(3D) Ultra-Sonic Technique to detection and analysis crack shape in concrete and this report is performed to veritf the applicability and the accuracy of Ultra-Sonic Technique in non-destructive testing methods. Moreover, the result shows that the measurement of crack in concrete is related to the shape and angle of inclination of notch.

수술의 함정 : 중심성 신경세포종 2례 2 Cases of Central Neurocytoma

김범태,주교성,장채칠,신원한,최순관,변박장 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.3

초음파 다이아몬드 기구로 형성된 치근단 역충전 와동의 정화도 및 와벽형태

김성교,임춘희,권태경 大韓齒科保存學會 1998 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.23 No.1

The purposes of this study were to observe the cavity wall morphology and to evaluate the degree of cavity cleanliness when root-end retrograde cavity preparation was done with ultrasonic diamond instruments. To observe the morphology of retrocavity and to evaluate the degree of cavity cleanliness, root-end resections were done on 20 palatal roots of extracted maxillary first molars after canal filling with gutta-percha. Retrocavities were prepared using either ultrasonic diamond instruments of stainless steel ones of medium power setting of level 6 (MIniendo™, EIE, CA, U.S.A), Morphology of the cavity, degrees of the remaining canal debris and smear layer were evaluated under the scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows: Cavities prepared with ultrasonic diamond instruments showed scratched appearance of wall, while ultrasonic stainless steel preparation showed hatcheted appearance. Ultrasonic diamond instruments induced mord smear layer than stainless steel ones did(p<0.01) in the cavity. However, there was no significant difference in canal debris(p>0.05).

ZnO 박막 센서의 DMA 가스 검지 특성

김성우,최우창,류지열,박성현,최혁환,이명교,권태하 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1997 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.8 No.1

The DMA(Dimethylamine) gas sensors were fabricated with the ZnO-based thin films grown by a RF magnetron sputtering method. We investigated the sensitivity and response time according to temperature variation and DMA gas concentration. The ZnO-based thin film sensors sputtered in oxygen atmosphere showed higher sensitivity than those sputtered in argon atmosphere. The ZnO-based thin film sensors doped with Al_(2)O_(3), In_(2)O_(3) and V_(2)O_(5) and sputtered in oxygen atmosphere showed the maximum sensitivity of 218(working temperature, 250 ℃, DMA gas, 160 ppm) and speedy response time. The ZnO-based thin film sensors doped with Al_(2)O_(3), In_(2)O_(3), TiO_(2) and V_(2)O_(5), sputtered in oxygen atmosphere and aged at 330 ℃ showed the maximum sensitivity of 156(working temperature, 250 ℃, DMA gas, 160 ppm).

Vital Bleaching이 법랑질 접착에 미치는 영향

김종해,권태엽,권용훈,김교한 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.4

The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching on the composite to enamel bond and surface hardness change. Extracted human premolars were treated with 35% hydrogen peroxide (Sigma Chemical Co, USA) for 1hr/day at 0, 3, 6 and 9 day respectively. For the obsrvation of surface mophology alteration due to the treatment with hydogen peroxide, a SEM (S-4300, Hitachi, Japan) was used. The specimens were ground flat using serial SiC papers and ground ultra-finely using a 0.1㎛ diamond compound paste. To measure the microhardness, five non-carious premolars were ground using SiC papers and ten indentations were made on the surfacd with Vickers hardness tester (FM-7 FUTURE-TEC Inc., Japan). To evaluate shear bond strength, composite was bonded with One Up Bond-F, Prompt L-Pop, AQ Bond to the non-bleached and bleached enamel surface of sixty non-carious premolars. The bonding procedure is postponed for 1 week after bleaching and shear bond strength was measured. All specimens with a SEM. Bleaching created some enamel porosity but the teeth showed nonsignificant morphological chonge as bleaching time increased from SEM analysis. Most microhardness change occured on the first day of bleaching. Bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide did not result in significant change in the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel. In the shear bond strength test, the fractured surfaces of specimens showed mixed adhesive and cohesive failure behavior.

DMA 가스 검지를 위한 ZnO 박막의 aging 효과

김성우,최혁환,이명교,권태하 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

The DMA(Dimethylamine) gas sensors were fabricated with the ZnO-based thin films grown by a RF magnetron sputtering method. The characteristics of the sensors to aging conditions were investicated. The sensors with ZnO-based thin films aged for 72hrs at a temperature of 330 ℃ in oxygen showed high sensitivity, low working temperature and good linearity. The sensors with ZnO-based thin film doped with 0.1 wt.% Pt catalytics and aged for 72hrs at a temperature of 330 ℃ in oxygen showed the maximum sensitivity of 90 at a working temperature of 150 ℃ and to DMA gas of 160 ppm. The sensor was electrically stablized.

도말층이 가온 수직가압 근관 충전후 치근단 누출에 미치는 영향

김성교,권태경 大韓齒科保存學會 1998 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.23 No.2

株式配當 公示와 事前會計 情報의 再評價에 關한 硏究

김정교,임태영 釜山大學校 經營 經濟 硏究所 1999 經營 經濟 硏究 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구는 주식배당 공시시점에서 시장이 사전회계정보(과거 공시 회계정보)를 재평가하는지 여부를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 1993년부터 1996년까지 4년 동안 주식배당을 공시한 225개 기업을 대상으로 누적비정상수익률을 종속변수로, 그리고 주식배당률을 설명변수로 한 단순회 귀분석을 실시하였고, 사전회계정보인 영업활동으로 인한 현금흐름, 자본적지출, 유보율을 기본변수로 하고 기업규모, 기금집중도, 상장기간을 대리변수로 하여 각각 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 검증결과, 주식배당 공시로 인한 주가의 변동은 주식배당률의 크기와는 유의적인 양(+)의 관련성을 보이고 있으나, 사전회계변수인 영업활동으로 인한 현금흐름, 자본적지출, 그리고 유보율과는 통계적으로 유의적인 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 주식배당 공시에 대한 시장반응은 정보불균형 정도와 관련성을 가졌다. 기업규모가 큰 기업일수록, 기금집중도가 높은 기업일수록, 그리고 상장기간이 긴 기업일수록 시장반응은 작게 나타나고 과거회계변수와의 관련성 역시 작게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 정보불균형이 큰 기업일수록 주식배당의 공시시점에 사전회계정보의 재평가 정도가 크다는 것을 부분적으로 지지하였다.