Iridium-Catalyzed Single-Step <i>N</i>-Substituted Lactam Synthesis from Lactones and Amines

Kim, Kicheol,Hong, Soon Hyeok American Chemical Society 2015 Journal of organic chemistry Vol.80 No.8

<P>Catalytic lactam synthesis was achieved directly from lactones and amines using an Ir catalyst. Three sequential transformationsaminolysis of lactone, <I>N</I>-alkylation of amine with hydroxyamide, and intramolecular transamidation of aminoamideafforded the corresponding <I>N</I>-substituted lactams.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/joceah/2015/joceah.2015.80.issue-8/acs.joc.5b00101/production/images/medium/jo-2015-001012_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jo5b00101'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Digital Background Self-calibration for High Resolution Analog to Digital Converters

Kicheol Kim,Sungho Kang 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7

A new self-calibration scheme of a high resolution ADC compensating offset and non-linearity errors is presented. The scheme uses redundant bits of a high resolution ADC for calibrating main characteristic parameters such as offset and non?linearity. The proposed self-calibration circuitry consists of a small adder, a shifter, a subtractor and memory. The experimental results using MATLAB verify the performance of the methodology.

A New Built-in Self Test Scheme for Phase-Locked Loops Using Internal Digital Signals

KIM, Youbean,KIM, Kicheol,KIM, Incheol,KANG, Sungho The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2008 IEICE transactions on electronics Vol.91e.c No.10

<P>Testing PLLs (phase-locked loops) is becoming an important issue that affects both time-to-market and production cost of electronic systems. Though a PLL is the most common mixed-signal building block, it is very difficult to test due to internal analog blocks and signals. In this paper, we propose a new PLL BIST (built-in self test) using the distorted frequency detector that uses only internal digital signals. The proposed BIST does not need to load any analog nodes of the PLL. Therefore, it provides an efficient defect-oriented structural test scheme, reduced area overhead, and improved test quality compared with previous approaches.</P>

A Study on the Emotional Labor Environment and Quality of Life of Sports Instructors at Elementary Schools

Kicheol Kim,Sukkyung Lee J-INSTITUTE 2022 Kinesiology Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the emotional labor environment of sports instructors at elementary schools in Jeonbuk and the quality of life of them to figure out the difficulties faced by the sports instructors in the field in order to present improvement plans. Method: Specifically, the following results were derived from conducting in-depth interviews with sports instruc-tors of Jeonbuk by using a semi-structured questionnaire from November 2020 until December 2020 as the purposeful sampling method. Results: First, most of the elementary school sports instructors were temporary workers for the term of less than one year, and they complained of serious emotional labor in their discussion with school officials and consumers in the processes of contract renewal, opening classes for additional sports activities such as after school classes, and notification of contract renewal. Second, the sports instructor hiring method dependent to the discretion of school officials and the form of employment with a period of employment shorter than one year were leading to the lack of expertise in physical education of sport instructors and the necessity for sport instructors to have a sideline for livelihood. Third, although the role of sports instructor is assisting home room teachers in physical education classes, the roles and work of sports instructors were not clearly identified, and sports instructor were leading actual physical education activities. Fourth, although sports instructors had the status of instructors, they were performing the work of teachers, but there was no study space (desk, computer, chair, etc.), locker room, or resting space for sports instructors and sports instructors were seriously discriminated in terms of welfare. Conclusion: In particular, during physical education classes at nearby schools to which they were dispatched once or twice a week, sports instructors were taking a rest in their private car between classes.

Information management for global competitiveness: The case of the chemical industry regarding REACH regulation

Kicheol Kim,Jongwoon Hwang,Sanghun Kim 한국경영정보학회 2009 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

Valuable Recycling of waste glass generated from the liquid crystal display panel industry

Kim, Kicheol,Kim, Kidong Elsevier 2018 Journal of cleaner production Vol.174 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Due to the drastic growth of the liquid crystal display (hereafter LCD) industry in the last decade, lots of waste glass is being produced. There are three types of waste glass derived from LCD glass manufacturers, LCD panel manufacturers and end-of-life LCD devices. Among them cullet from Lber glass (hereafter E-glass). However, the recycling of waste glass from LCD panel (LPWGCD glass is being recycled into a raw material for commercial electric continuous fi) and end waste glass is limited due to various reasons such as contaminants, toxic components and inhomogeneous glass compositions etc. Despite use of LPWG in the cement industry, it is not an effective form of recycling, considering the characteristics of LCD glass. In this work, to examine the possibility of recycling LPWG in the E-glass industry, several glass batches containing LPWG were prepared. First, some optical properties of the prepared and commercial E-glass were examined. Then, the viscosity and liquidus temperature (T<SUB>L</SUB>) were determined. The effect of LPWG was negligible in the transmission and color of the resultant glasses, considering that commercial bulk E-glass has an emerald-green color due to refractory corrosion. With an increase in the LPWG content, the isoviscosity and liquidus temperatures showed opposite behaviors; the temperature (T<SUB>W</SUB>) corresponding to the fiber forming viscosity (10<SUP>3</SUP> dPas) decreased, whereas the T<SUB>L</SUB> increased. Based on T<SUB>W</SUB>-T<SUB>L</SUB>, the replacement of 50 wt% of the original E-glass with LPWG was recommended. Additionally, economic and environmental effects were discussed.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Recycling of LCD process waste glasses (LPWG) in E-glass was examined. </LI> <LI> Source of B<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> such as colemanite was replaced by LPWG. </LI> <LI> Effect of contaminants coated to the surface of LPWG was negligible. </LI> <LI> Two important melt properties for LPWG content showed an opposite behavior. </LI> <LI> Replacement of E-glass with LPWG up to 50% in glass batch was suggested. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Preventive Effect of Mebicar and Ginsenoside Rg1 on Neurobehavioral and Immunological Disruptions Caused by Intermittent Unpredictable Stress in Mice

Kim, Chang Yul,Kim, Yeon Gyeong,Sin, So Jung,Koo, Hyojin,Cheon, Kicheol,Kim, Dongsoo Karger 2018 NEUROIMMUNOMODULATION -BASEL- Vol.25 No.1

<P><B><I>Objectives:</I></B> Ginsenoside Rg1 and mebicar have been reported to have broad efficacy spectrum, including anti-anxiety and anti-stress. These drugs have been used not only for treatment but also for the purpose of increasing resistance from disease. A specific aim of this study was to investigate whether mebicar or ginsenoside Rg1 can prevent physiological changes resulting from intermittent unpredictable stress (IUS). <B><I>Methods:</I></B> Seven week-old Balb/cByJ mice were administered orally with mebicar (10 mg/kg) or ginsenoside Rg1 (10 mg/kg) starting from a week before they were exposed to IUS until the end of the experiment. IUS, which consists of psychological stress and physical fatigue, was set as 3 bouts (24 h/bout) exposure in a 2-week period. <B><I>Results:</I></B> IUS caused hyperactivity and anxiety-like behavior, which were not inhibited by mebicar or ginsenoside Rg1. IUS mice treated with mebicar or ginsenoside Rg1 recovered rapidly from anxiety-like behavior induced by the multiplexed stress compared to the mice not orally treated with mebicar or ginsenoside Rg1. Mebicar or ginsenoside Rg1 could not prevent the decrease of brain-derived neurotropic factor by IUS exposure. However, mebicar or ginsenoside Rg1 prevented elevation of serum corticosterone and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines from splenocytes due to IUS exposure. <B><I>Conclusions:</I></B> This study suggests that mebicar or ginsenoside Rg1 may have little preventive effect on neurobehavioral disruption by IUS exposure, but mebicar or ginsenoside Rg1 shortened the lasting duration of the anxiety caused by exposure to a novel environment. The anti-stress effect of mebicar and ginsenoside Rg1 may be restricted in peripheral stress responses.</P>

내장된 자체 테스트를 위한 저전력 테스트 패턴 생성기 구조

김기철(Kicheol Kim),강성호(Sungho Kang) 大韓電子工學會 2010 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.47 No.8

본 논문에서는 내장된 자체 테스트 기법 (BIST, Built-In Self Test)을 적용 할 때 저전력 테스트가 가능한 패턴 생성기를 제안하였다. 테스트 시 WSA (Weighted Switching Activity)가 많이 발생하는 노드인 heavy nodes의 선택 알고리듬을 제안하였으며, heavy nodes에 천이를 발생시키는 입력부 곧 heavy inputs을 찾는 알고리듬을 나타내었다. 고장 검출율을 높이는 최적의 heavy nodes의 수를 결정하고 선택된 입력부에 변형된 LFSR의 출력을 인가하여 테스트 시 발생하는 천이를 줄였다. 제안하는 패턴 생성기는 몇 개의 AND 게이트와 OR 게이트를 LFSR에 추가하여 적은 하드웨어 오버헤드로 간단히 구현된다. ISCAS 벤치 회로에 적용한 실험을 통해 제시하는 방법이 기존의 기법에 비해 평균 소비 전력을 감소시키면서 고장 검출율을 상승시키는 것을 검증하였다. In this paper we propose a new pattern generator for a BIST architecture that can reduce the power consumption during test application. The principle of the proposed method is to reconstruct an LFSR circuit to reduce WSAs of the heavy nodes by suppressing the heavy inputs. We propose algorithms for finding heavy nodes and heavy inputs. Using the Modified LFSR which consists of some AND/OR gates trees and an original LFSR, BIST applies modified test patterns to the circuit under test. The proposed BIST architecture with small hardware overhead effectively reduces the average power consumption during test application while achieving high fault coverage. Experimental results on the ISCAS benchmark circuits show that average power reduction can be achieved up to 30.5%.

평지밭과 경사밭의 비점오염물질 배출특성 비교

김기철 ( Kicheol Kim ),최용훈 ( Yonghun Choi ),서지연 ( Jiyeon Seo ),신현준 ( Hyunjun Shin ),김태유 ( Taeyoo Kim ),원철희 ( Chulhee Won ),최중대 ( Joongdae Choi ) 한국농공학회 2009 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2009 No.-

This study was focused on analyse a nonpoint source characteristics from flat slope field and steep slope field. We performed storm water monitoring for obtain flow data and concentration data. Eleven times rainfall events were occurred. We calculated EMC(event mean concentration) and pollutants loads using data we obtained. As a result, steep slope field has more discharge than flat field. SS value has a largest variation and T-N has a least variation. There is a runoff differences even though each events has similar rainfall. We assume that not only amount of rainfall, but also rainfall duration times, intensity, antecedent dry days can affect to Run-off.

비동기형 고속모터를 사용한 공기부양식 터보블로워의개발

박기철(Kicheol Park),윤주식(Jushik Yoon),이기호(Kiho Lee),김경수(Kyungsoo Kim),김동권(Dongkwon Kim),김승우(Seungwoo Kim) 한국유체기계학회 2003 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Asynchronus high speed turbo blower of 100HP class with gas bearing supports is developed. The high speed motor is cooled by air and it's RPM is controlled by high frequency inverter to adjust inlet flow rate. Product family is ranged from 50 to 200HP and covered by three frames. Highly efficient impeller is designed and proved by performance test on system. Overall measured system efficiency is 82% including motor and inverter. The motor efficiency is about 95%. It is designed to guarantee to operate at ambient temperature of 35 Deg.C and max 45 DegC. Gas bearing with high load capacity is developed to support heavy rotor on low rotational speed.