Development of High efficiency Food Waste Treatment System for Entering New and Renewable Energy Industry in Southeast Asia

Kwon,Ki-Tae,Lee,Woo-Sik,Kwon,Lee-Seung,Seong,Seung-Hwan,Kim,Young-Do,Kwon,Woo-Taeg 한국유통과학회 2019 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2019 No.-

It is possible not only to treat high concentration organic matter such as food wastes but also to utilize food wastes as resources according to the bio-energy generation such as methane. The method of co-digestion of mixed wastewater mixed with organic wastes such as sewage sludge concentrated waters together with drinking wastewater is the most ideal method. Radiation not only has germicidal power in water treatment, but also is effective in decomposing degradable organic matter. Second chemical contamination problem is also solved because it does not use chemicals. Introduction of radiation pretreatment system to solve problems caused by mixing of waste water and organic waste resources. Biological electrochemical fusion system is used to remove the nutrients contained in the organic matter-removed mixture. Through the development of a system for treatment of high concentration wastewater, the processing efficiency is verified through the universal water treatment system for wastewater containing high concentration organic matter in addition to treatment of wastewater.

방사선 조사선량에 따른 백서 악하선의 caspase-3 발현양상

권기정,최용석,황의환,이상래,고광준 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2006 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.37 No.1

Purpose : To investigate the caspase-3 expression in the acinar and ductal cells of rat submandibular glands after the irradiation of various doses. Materials and Methods: The male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 250 gm were used for this study. The experimental group was irradiated with a single absorbed dose of 2, 5, 10, and 15 Gy on the head and neck region. The rats were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day after irradiation. The specimens including the submandibular gland were sectioned and observed using histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. Results : The local destruction of the acinar and ductal cells and the karyopyknotic nuclei of the acinar cells were observed in the 2 Gy and 5 Gy irradiation groups later than in the 10 Gy and 15 Gy irradiation groups. And the expression of caspase-3 was prominent only in the ductal cells in the 2 Gy and 5 Gy irradiation groups. Conclusion : This experiment suggests that radiation-induced apoptosis in the ductal cells of rat submandibular glands was induced by a low dose radiation associated with the activation of caspase-3 and radiation-induced necrosis was induced by a high dose radiation. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2006; 36 : 7-15)

정보통신 부문 사업영역의 재편과 정보 통신기업 CHQ 역할간의 관련성

권기환 정보통신정책학회 2005 정보통신정책연구 Vol.12 No.1

디지털 컨버전스, 유비쿼터스 확산, 그리고 정보통신 가치시스템 재구성을 근간으로 하는 새로운 유형의 정보통신 서비스 등장과 그에 따른 정보통신 부문의 사업영역 재편 움직임은 성숙기 후반 혹은 쇠퇴기에 속한 복수의 사업 부문을 보유 하고 있는 기존의 정보통신기업에게 개별 사업 차원을 넘어서는 기업 차원의 문제를 제기한다. 본 논문에서는 침체형 사업, 즉 성숙기 후반 혹은 쇠퇴기에 속한 기존 ICT 사업을 다수 보유하고 있는 다사업 정보통신기업(multi- business ICT incumbent)의 기업본부(corporate head quarter; CHQ)가 어떠한 형태의 전략적 역할을 수행하는 것이 타당한지에 관하여 살펴보았다. 구체적으로, 본 논문에서는 전사적인 사업 포트폴리오 가운데 침체형 사업을 수행하고 있는 담당 조직이나 침체형 사업 부문을 책임지고 있는 부문 경영자에게서 관찰될 수 있는 심리적, 행위적 특성으로부터 기업 차원의 전략 수행에 대한 도전이 무엇인지를 정리하고 이러한 도전 과제를 해결하기 위하여 유선 중심의 기존 다사업 정보통신기업 CHQ가 활용할 수 있는 8 가지 육성우위 창출 메커니즘이 무엇인지 제시하였다. Emergence of new information and communication technology (ICT) services derived from digital convergence, diffusion of ubiquitous, and recombination of ICT value systems has given rise to the revamps of business domains in ICT industry. Now a days those revamps induce the corporate-level strategic issues, which are beyond the business-level, to multi-business ICT incumbents retaining a lot of businesses placed in the late maturing or declining life cycle situation. The research question, 'what activities and/or roles ought to be played by the corporate headquarter (CHQ) of multi-business ICT incumbents possessing considerable wire-based stagnant businesses?', was unraveled in this paper. Most of all, challenges caused by psychological or behavioral characteristics of divisions and division managers that undertook those stagnant businesses were identified from the corporate-level strategic point of view, and then 8 parenting mechanisms, 4 direct-influence mechanisms and 4 coordinating-influence mechanisms, which could be executed for taking up those challenges by the CHQ of multi-business ICT incumbents holding goodly wire-based stagnant ICT businesses were proposed.

접착제 미 사용시 치면열구전색제로서의 유동성 복합레진 평가

권호범,김명진,신철환,김지연,박기태 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 유동성 복합레진을 치면열구전색제로 사용할 수 있는지 여부를 평가하는 것이다. 세 종류의 유동성 복합레진(Filtek Flow, Tetric Flow, Charmfil Flow)과 한 종류의 filled sealant(Ultraseal XT plus)가 사용되었다. 주사전자 현미경을 이용하여 세 종류의 유동성 복합레진 및 filled sealant의 resin tag 형성 양상을 비교하였다. 미세누출 평가를 위해 발거된 사람의 소구치 54개를 각각 18개씩 무작위로 세 군으로 배분하였다. 각 군마다 통상의 filled sealant 와 한 가지씩의 유동성 복합레진을 교합면 열구에 도포하였다. 치아들은 thermocycling(5˚ ± 2℃와 55˚ ± 2℃ 사이에서 30초씩 1200회 시행) 후 48시간 동안 1% methylene blue 용액에 보관하였다. 각각의 치아를 절단하여 미세누출 정도를 관찰하였다. 세 종류의 유동성 복합레진 및 filled sealant는 유사한 resin tag 형성양상을 보였다. 세 종류의 유동성 복합레진은 각각 filled sealant보다 현저히 더 많은 미세누출을 보였다. 세 종류의 유동성 복합레진 간의 미세누출 정도는 유사하였다. 유동성 복합레진은 통상의 filled sealant와 비교해볼 때 보다 많은 미세누출을 야기할 수 있으므로 치면열구전색제로 적절하지 않다. The aims of this study were to determine if flowable composites can be used as pit and fissure sealants without bonding agents. Three flowable composites(Filtek Flow, Tetric Flow, Charmfil Flow) and a filled sealant (Ultraseal XT plus) were used. The pattern of resin tag formation in the four sealant meterials were compared using SEM. For the microleakage assessment, 54 extracted human premolar teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups containing 18 premolars each. In each group, a conventional filled sealant and one of the three flowable composites were applied to occlusal fissures. The teeth were thermocycled(1200 cycles between 5˚± 2℃ and 55˚± 2℃ with a dwell time of 30 seconds) and immersed in a 1% methylene blue solution for 48 hours. Each tooth was sectioned and examined to determine the extent of dye penetration. Three flowable composites and a filled sealant showed a similar resin tag formation pattern. The three flowable composites showed significantly more microleakage in each group than the filled sealant. The level of microleakage was similar in the three flowable composites. Flowable composites are not recommended as pit and fissure sealants because more microleakage can occur even when occlural fissures are mechanically widened.

디지탈방사선촬영술을 이용한 인접면 치아우식증 진단에 관한 실험적 연구

권기성,황의환,이상래 慶熙大學校 齒科大學 1994 慶熙齒大論文集 Vol.16 No.1

The purposes of this study were clinical comparison and evaluation between digital radiography and conventional radiography for the detection of artificial interproximal caries. Four freshly extracted, unrestored posterior teeth were obtained and canes was simulated by drilling semicircled defect with variable size at the interproximal surface of each tooth. The experiments were performed with IBM-PC/32 bit-DX compatible, video camera(VM-S8200, Hitachi Co., Japan), color monitor(Multisync 3D, NEC, Japan). Sylvia Image Capture Board for the ADC(analog to digital converter) was used, and spatial resolution was 512 x 480 with 256 gray levels. The obtained results were as follows: 1. At the condition of under exposure, the radiographs were superior to the digital images in readability. Also, as the size of the artificial lesion was increased, readability of the radiographs was elevated. 2. The digital images were superior to the radiographs in readability especially under over exsposure. 3. As the exposure time and size of lesion was increased, the gray level of region of interest of the digital image was decreased proportionally. 4. As the F-value of average gray level of region of interest at individual exposure time and size of lesion, gray level of the all lesion sizes was decreased in comparison with that of the normal enamel.

Developpe devant 수행시 하지 관절 모멘트 분석

박기자,신성휴,권문석,김태완,이형나 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.1

K. J. PARK, S. H. SHIN, M. S. KWON, T. H. KIM, H. N. LEE. Analysis on lower extremity joint moment during a developpe devant. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 133-144, 2004. The purpose of this study was to analyze the joint moment on lower extremity during a developpe devant. Data were collected by Kwon3D, KwonGRF program. Two professional modem female dancers were participated in this experiment. Subjects performed a developpe devant in meddle heights. On the axes of X, Y, Z, it was shown that the maximum joint moment was occurred in hip joint. The moments are plotted during developpe devant. The ankle muscles generate a plantar flexion moment and the knee muscles generate a flexion moment and The hip muscles generate a extension moment. So these muscles of joint muscles were known to play a key role in keeping the body balance while doing developpe devant. In addition adduction moment occurred at hip, knee, an ankle in the order of amount, we could assume from this data that turn out motion started from the hip joint. There was small active turn out possible below the hip joint. A small amount of extra turn out could be obtained when standing because of flexion between the foot and floor, which could be used to give a passive external rotation force to the whole leg and this could produce a rotation between the knee and foot. This passive external rotation could produce very damaging results. Therefore, lower extremity joint muscles such as hip, knee, and ankle muscle should be trained to keep the body balance and prevent injury during developpe devant performance. And for the safe and perfect turn ort performance, hip joint abduction, the most important external rotating muscle for turn out is needed to train and full stretching should be done in advance.

수정된 Elman 신경회로망을 이용한 제어방식

정경권,김주웅,엄기환 동국대학교 대학원 1998 大學院硏究論集-東國大學校 大學院 Vol.28 No.-

The neural network is a static network that consists of a number of layer: input layer, output layer and one or more hidden layer connected in a feedforward way. The popularity of neural network appear to be related to its ability of learning and approximation capability. The Elman Neural Network proposed the J.Elman, is a type of recurrent network. It has the feedback links from hidden layer to context layer. So Elman neural network is the better performance than the neural network. In this paper, we propose the Modified Elman Neural Network. The structure of a MENN is based on the basis ENN. The recurrency of the network is due to the feedback links from the output layer and the hidden layer to the context layer. In order to certify the usefulness of the proposed method, the MENN apply to the multi tracking control and the X-Y Cartesian tracking. Simulation shows that the proposed MENN method is better performance than the multi layer neural network and the ENN.

변형된 신경회로망을 이용한 PID 제어 방식

정경권,김경수,엄기환 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1999 산업기술논문집 Vol.13 No.-

본 논문에서는 산업 현장에서 일반적으로 많이 사용되고 있는 PID 제어기의 비례, 적분, 미분 파라미터를 다층 신경회로망을 이용하여 자동으로 동조하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방식은 자기 궤환 뉴런을 가진 다층 신경회로망이 플랜트의 입력과 출력을 이용하여 PID 제어기의 파라미터들을 학습에 의하여 자동 동조한다. 다층 신경회로망은 자기 궤환 뉴런을 이용하여 입력층, 은닉층, 출력층의 3층으로 구성되고, 출력은 3개 값을 갖는다. 이것은 PID 제어기의 비례(P), 적분(I), 미분(D) 파라미터로 사용된다. 이 값들은 특정한 값으로 고정되는 것이 아니라 제어 수행과정 중에서도 다층 신경회로망의 학습에 의해 계속 변화된다. DC 서보 모터를 대상으로 추종 제어 시뮬레이션 및 실험을 통해서 제안한 방식의 유용성을 확인하였다. In this paper, we propose a modified neural network for the auto-tuning of proportional, integral, and derivative parameters of PID controller, which is widely used in the industries. The proposed method uses a multi-layer neural network with self-feedback neuron for the auto-tuning of the parameters of PID controller using input and output of the plant by learning. The neural network consists of three layers ; input-layer, hidden-layer, and output-layer. The output layer will have three outputs and each will be used as P, I, D parameters. Those values are not specific not fixed but being modified according to the learning of multi-layer neural network. The simulation and experiment results showed the effectiveness of proposed control method.

Allyl Isothiocyanate가 미생물의 생육에 미치는 영향

서권일,강갑석,심기환 東國專門大學 1996 金龜論叢 Vol.3 No.1

십자화과 채소에 존재하는 AIT의 항균성 및 식품보존제로의 이용가능성을 조사하기 위하여 AIT가 미생물의 증식에 미치는 영향 및 AIT처리 미생물의 형태변화를 현미경으로 관찰한 결과는 다음과 갈다. 미생물이 첨가된 배지에 AIT를 200ppm의 농도로 첨가한 후 24시간 경과시는 시험균주 모두에서 미생물의 성장저해를 50%이상 나타내었으며, 800ppm의 농도에서 Lactobacillus brevis는 36시간, 나머지 시험균주들은 48시간까지 균의 성장이 완전 억제되었다. 각종 시험균주에 대한 MIC는 E. coli와 Vibrio parahaemolyticus가 220ppm, Lactobacillus brevis와 Saccharomyces cerevisiae가 400ppm이었으며, Aspergillus oryzae는 800ppm이었다. AIT로 처리한 E. coli균주를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과 균체표면이 수축되고 표층구조가 허물어져 심한 형태학적 변화를 나타내었다.

전방향 신경회로망을 이용한 블록암호화 기법

정경권,엄기환 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1998 산업기술논문집 Vol.11 No.-

본 논문에서는 전방향 신경회로망으로 암호 함수를 구성하는 블록 암호 알고리즘 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 블록 암호 알고리즘에서 사용되는 암호화 함수 전체를 전방향 신경회로망으로 대치하는 방법과, DES 암호 알고리즘에서 S-box를 전방향 신경회로망으로 대치하는 방법이다. 신경회로망의 가중치를 키로 사용하여 암호화 및 복호화를 수행한다. 신경회로망의 비선형적인 특성과 각각의 층을 구성하고 있는 뉴런간의 방대한 연결로 복잡한 구조를 가지고 있다. 또한 은닉층의 구성에 따라 여러 형태의 설계가 가능하다. In this paper, we propose a block cipher algorithms composing cipher function using feedforward neural network. The proposed methods are that cipher function used in the block cipher algorithm is totally replaced with feedforward neural network, and also, S-box is replaced with feedforward neural network in DES algorithm. The weight of neural network is used as a key to perform an encryption and decryption. It has complex structure due to its nonlinear characteristic and the enormous connections among neurons which organize layers respectively. Also, various design shapes are applicable by different structures of hidden layers.