ZnS:SmF₃박막전계발광소자의 제작 및 특성

박욱동,배승춘,김기완 동양대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 東洋大學校 産業技術硏究所 論文集 Vol.2 No.1

A red colored thin film electroluminescent(TFEL) device was fabricated with a ZnS:SmF3 phosphor layer and BST insulating layers. The BST thin film was deposited on ITO coated glass substrate by RF magnetron sputtering method using a target of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3. The thickness of ZnS:SmF3 thin film, upper and lower BST insulating layer for a TFEL device were 500nm, 400nm, and 200nm, respectively. The ZnS:SmF3 TFEL device showed that the threshold voltage and maximum brightness of a TFEL device were 160Vrms and 125cd/㎡, respectively.

고주파로 스펏터링한 SiO₂막의 제조 및 특성

김영진,박욱동,김기완,오상광,마대영 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1991 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.2 No.1

Using RF reactive sputtering method, silicon dioxide(SiO_(2)) thin films have been fabricated on p-type(100) Si wafer. The electrical properties of SiO_(2) thin films have been examined by C-V and I-V measurement. The properties of SiO_(2) thin films on RF power, substrate temperature, O_(2)/Ar+O_(2)ratio and working pressure have been shown differently. The maximum dielectric constant of SiO_(2) thin film was about 2.0 at conditions that the RF power, substrate temperature, O_(2)/Ar+O_(2) and working pressure was 160W, 10%, 250°C and 100mTorr, respectively. This SiO_(2) thin film is expected to be used as the, image sensor blocking layer and TFT gate oxide.

Characterization of Norepinephrine Release in Rat Posterior Hypothalamus Using<I> in vivo</I> Brain Microdialysis

Ki-Wug Sung,Seong Yun Kim,Ok Nyu Kim,Sang Bok Lee 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2002 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.6 No.1

<P> In the present study, we used the microdialysis technique combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrochemical detection to measure the extracellular levels of norepinephrine (NE) in the posterior hypothalamus <I>in vivo</I>, and to examine the effects of various drugs, affecting central noradrenergic transmission, on the extracellular concentration of NE in the posterior hypothalamus. Microdialysis probes were implanted stereotaxically into the posterior hypothalamus (coordinates: posterior 4.3 mm, lateral 0.5 mm, ventral 8 mm, relative to bregma and the brain surface, respectively) of rats, and dialysate collection began 2 hr after the implantation. The baseline level of monoamines in the dialysates were determined to be: NE 0.17⁑0.01, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) 0.94⁑0.07, homovanillic acid (HVA) 0.57⁑0.05 pmol/sample (n=8). When the posterior hypothalamus was perfused with 90 mM potassium, maximum 555% increase of NE output was observed. Concomitantly, this treatment significantly decreased the output of DOPAC and HVA by 35% and 28%, respectively. Local application of imipramine (50μM) enhanced the level of NE in the posterior hypothalamus (maximum 200%) compared to preperfusion control values. But, DOPAC and HVA outputs remained unchanged. Pargyline, an irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, i.p. administered at a dose of 75 mg/kg, increased NE output (maximum 165%), while decreased DOPAC and HVA outputs (maximum 13 and 12%, respectively). These results indicate that NE in dialysate from the rat posterior hypothalamus were neuronal origin, and that manipulations which profoundly affected the levels of extracellular neurotransmitter had also effects on metabolite levels.

Influence of Temperature on Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Ketoprofen Patch Preparation

Ki Wug Sung 大韓臨床藥理學會 1997 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.5 No.2

Characterization of Norepinephrine Release in Rat Posterior Hypothalamus Using in vivo Brain Microdialysis

Sung, Ki-Wug,Kim, Seong-Yun,Kim, Ok-Nyu,Lee, Sang-Bok The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2002 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.6 No.1

In the present study, we used the microdialysis technique combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrochemical detection to measure the extracellular levels of norepinephrine (NE) in the posterior hypothalamus in vivo, and to examine the effects of various drugs, affecting central noradrenergic transmission, on the extracellular concentration of NE in the posterior hypothalamus. Microdialysis probes were implanted stereotaxically into the posterior hypothalamus (coordinates: posterior 4.3 mm, lateral 0.5 mm, ventral 8 mm, relative to bregma and the brain surface, respectively) of rats, and dialysate collection began 2 hr after the implantation. The baseline level of monoamines in the dialysates were determined to be: NE $0.17{\pm}0.01,$ 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) $0.94{\pm}0.07,$ homovanillic acid (HVA) $0.57{\pm}0.05$ pmol/sample (n=8). When the posterior hypothalamus was perfused with 90 mM potassium, maximum 555% increase of NE output was observed. Concomitantly, this treatment significantly decreased the output of DOPAC and HVA by 35% and 28%, respectively. Local application of imipramine $(50\;{\mu}M)$ enhanced the level of NE in the posterior hypothalamus (maximum 200%) compared to preperfusion control values. But, DOPAC and HVA outputs remained unchanged. Pargyline, an irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, i.p. administered at a dose of 75 mg/kg, increased NE output (maximum 165%), while decreased DOPAC and HVA outputs (maximum 13 and 12%, respectively). These results indicate that NE in dialysate from the rat posterior hypothalamus were neuronal origin, and that manipulations which profoundly affected the levels of extracellular neurotransmitter had also effects on metabolite levels.

미세투석법을 이용하여 흰쥐 후 사상하부에서 세포외액의 모노아민과 대사체들의 생체내 측정

성기욱(Ki Wug Sung),김성윤(Seong Yun Kim),조영진(Young Jin Cho),이권행(Kweon Haeng Lee),이상복(Sang Bok Lee) 대한약리학회 1992 대한약리학잡지 Vol.28 No.1

최근에 개발된 생체내 미세투석법을 이용하여 정상혈압 흰쥐(WKY)와 자연발생성 고혈압 흰쥐(SHR)의 후 시상하부에서 세포외액의 모노아민과 그 대사체들을 측정하였다. 뇌정위 고정장치에 의해서 미세투석관을 후 시상하부에 위치시킨후 링거액으로 관류하였다. 모노아민과 그 대사체들은 고속액체 크로마토그라피와 전기화학 검출기를 이용하여 정량하였다. 미세투석관의 시험관내 회수율 검사 결과, 관류액의 유속과 신경화학물질의 상대적 회수율 사이에는 역비례 관계가 있음이 확인되었다. 정상 혈압 흰쥐에서 후 사상하부의 관류액으로 부터 축정한 각종 신경화학물질의 세포외액 농도는 도파민 32nM, 노르에피네프린 50nM, 에피네프린 50nM, 세로토닌 73nM, 3.4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid(DOPAC) 281 nM, homovanillic acid(HVA) 181 nM, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5HIAA) 3767nM이었다. 후 시상하부에서 측정된 신경전달물질의 기준치는 WHY와 SHR사이에 차이가 없었으나, DOPAC, HVA, 5HIAA의 기준치는 WKY에 비해서 SHR에서 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 본 연구는 중추 신경화학물질들의 생체내 측정에 미세투석법을 이용할 수 있음을 보여주었다. Catecholamines, serotonin and their metabolites were measured in the posterior hypothalamus of urethane-anesthetized normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) using brain microdialysis which is a recently developed experimental method to measure the release of neurotransmitters and their metabolites at the localized brain area in vivo. Microdialysis probe was implanted stereotaxically to the rat posterior hypothalamus and perfused by Ringer s solution. Monoamines and their metabolites were quantified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. In vitro recovery test of microdialysis showed that there exist inverse relationship between the perfusion flow rate and the relative recovery of neurochemical compounds. The estimated extracellular concentration of dopamine was about 32 nM, of norepinephrine 50 nM, of epinephrine 50 nM, of serotonin 73 nM, of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) 281 nM, of homovanillic acid (HVA) 181 nM, and of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) 3767 nM in the hypothalamic perfusate of the normotensive rat. There was no difference in the basal level of monoamines between the SHR and the WKY. In contrast, the level of DOPAC, HVA and 5HIAA in SHR was higher than that in the WKY, This study demonstrated that the microdialysis technique should be an applicable tool for in vivo measurement of central neurochemical substances.

Lamotrigine, an antiepileptic drug, inhibits 5-HT₃ receptor currents in NCB-20 neuroblastoma cells

Ki Jung Kim,Seung Hyun Jeun,Ki-Wug Sung 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.2

Lamotrigine is an antiepileptic drug widely used to treat epileptic seizures. Using whole-cell voltage clamp recordings in combination with a fast drug application approach, we investigated the effects of lamotrigine on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)₃ receptors in NCB-20 neuroblastoma cells. Coapplication of lamotrigine (1~300 μM) resulted in a concentration-dependent reduction in peak amplitude of currents induced by 3 μM of 5-HT for an IC₅₀ value of 28.2±3.6 μM with a Hill coefficient of 1.2±0.1. These peak amplitude decreases were accompanied by the rise slope reduction. In addition, 5-HT₃-mediated currents evoked by 1 mM dopamine, a partial 5-HT₃ receptor agonist, were inhibited by lamotrigine co-application. The EC₅₀ of 5-HT for 5-HT₃ receptor currents were shifted to the right by co-application of lamotrigine without a significant change of maximal effect. Currents activated by 5-HT and lamotrigine co-application in the presence of 1 min pretreatment of lamotrigine were similar to those activated by 5-HT and lamotrigine co-application alone. Moreover, subsequent application of lamotrigine in the presence of 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindole, known to attenuate 5-HT₃ receptor desensitization, inhibited 5-HT₃receptor currents in a concentration-dependent manner. The deactivation of 5-HT₃ receptor was delayed by washing with an external solution containing lamotrigine. Lamotrigine accelerated the desensitization process of 5-HT₃ receptors. There was no voltage-dependency in the inhibitory effects of lamotrigine on the 5-HT₃ receptor currents. These results indicate that lamotrigine inhibits 5-HT₃-activated currents in a competitive manner by binding to the open state of the channels and blocking channel activation or accelerating receptor desensitization.

SET/CMOS hybrid process and multiband filtering circuits

Song, Ki-Whan,Lee, Yong Kyu,Sim, Jae Sung,Jeoung, Hoon,Lee, Jong Duk,Park, Byung-Gook,Jin, You Seung,Kim, Young-Wug Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2005 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.52 No.8

We have developed an integration technology for the single electron transistor (SET)/CMOS hybrid systems. SET and CMOS transistors can be optimized without any possible degradation due to mixing dissimilar devices by adopting just one extra mask step for the separate gate oxidation (SGOX). We have confirmed that discrete devices show ideal characteristics required for the SET/CMOS hybrid systems. An SET shows obvious Coulomb oscillations with a 200-mV period and CMOS transistors show high voltage gain. Based on the hybrid process, new hybrid circuits, called periodic multiband filters, are proposed and successfully implemented. The new filter is designed to perform a filtering operation according to the periodic multiple blocking bands of which a period is originated from the SET. Such a novel function was implemented efficiently with a few transistors by making full use of the periodic nature of SET characteristics.

도파민 수송체의 기능적 특성 및 발현에 관한 연구

이상훈(Sang Hun Lee),이송득(Song Deuk Lee),성기욱(Ki Wug Sung),이동섭(Dong Sup Lee),이용성(Yong Sung Lee),고재경(Jai Kyung Koh) 대한약학회 1995 약학회지 Vol.39 No.2

Brain dopamine systems play a central role in the control of movement, hormone release, and many complex behavior. The action of dopamine at its synapse is terminated predominately by high affinity reuptake into presynaptic terminals by dopamine transporter(DAT). The dopamine transporter(DAT) is membrane protein localized to dopamine-containing nerve terminals and closely related with cocaine abuse, Parkinsonism, and schizophrenia. In present study, the recombinant plasmid pRc/CMV-DAT, constructed by subcloning of a cDNA encoding a bovine DAT into eukaryotic expression vector pRc/CMV, was stably transfected into CV-1 cells(monkey kidney cell line). The DAT activities in the cell lines selected by Geneticin(R) were determined by measuring the uptake of [3H]-dopamine. The transfected cell lines showed 30-50 fold higher activities than untransfected CV-1 cell line, and this result implies that DAT is well expressed and localized in transfected cells. The transfected cells accumulated [3H]-dopamine in a dose-dependent manner with a Km of 991.6nM. Even though high doses of norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin, and choline neurotransmitters inhibited the uptake of [3H]-dopamine, DAT in transfected cell line was proven to be much more specific to dopamine. The psychotropic drugs such as GBR12909, CFT, normifensine, clomipramine, desipramine, and imipramine inhibited significantly the dopamine uptake in tissue culture cells stably transfected with DAT cDNA. Radioactive in situ hybridization was done to map the cellular localization of DAT mRNA-containing cells in the adult rat central nervous system. The strong hybridization signals were detected only in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. The restricted anatomical localization of DAT mRNA-containing cells confirms the DAT as a presynaptic marker of dopamine-containing cells in the rat brain

원위 경골 골절에 대한 단계적 최소 침습적 금속판 고정술

박성기 ( Sung Ki Park ),오창욱 ( Chang Wug Oh ),오종건 ( Jong Keon Oh ),김경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Kim ),민우기 ( Woo Kie Min ),박병철 ( Byung Chul Park ),정원주 ( Won Ju Jeong ),인주철 ( Joo Chul Ihn ) 대한골절학회 2010 대한골절학회지 Vol.23 No.3

목적: 개방성 창상 또는 연부 조직 손상을 동반한 원위 경골 골절을 단계적 최소 침습적 금속판 고정술로 치료하고 결과를 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 원위 경골 골절 환자 20예 (평균 연령, 47.8세)를 대상으로 하였다. AO 분류상 A형 4예, C형 16예였고 8예의 개방성골절이 포함되었다. 가교 외 고정 후 평균 23.9일에 최소 침습적 금속판 고정술을 시행하였다. 최종 추시 때 골유합 및 정렬에 대한방사선적 평가를 하였고, 족관절 운동 범위 및 AOFAS (American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society) 점수로 기능적 평가를 하였다. 결과: 20예 중 17예 (85%)에서 평균 21.3주 (범위, 12∼28주)에 일차 골유합을 얻었고 3예의 불유합에서 골 이식이 필요하였다. AOFAS 점수는 평균 88.5점 (범위, 67∼92점이었고, 족관절 운동 범위는 평균 49.2도 (족저 굴곡 37.4도, 족배 굴곡 11.8도)였다. 합병증으로서 경도의 부정정렬 2예, 갈퀴 족 변형 1예, 비골 신경병증 1예가 있었다. 60세 이상의 환자에서 AOFAS 점수가 낮았으나, 골절 형태 등의 다른 인자들은 결과에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 결론: 개방성 골절을 포함한 연부 조직 손상을 동반한 원위 경골 골절에서 단계적 최소 침습적 금속판 고정술은 심부 감염과 연부조직 합병증을 감소시키고 만족스러운 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: To assess the result of staged minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for distal tibial fracture with an open wound or injured soft tissue. Materials and Methods: In 20 patients (mean age, 47.8 year-old) with distal tibial fractures, there were 4 type A fractures and 16 type C fractures based on the AO classification system. Eight of the 20 patients had open fractures. MIPO was performed on average 23.9 days after bridging external fixation. At the final follow-up, we assessed the radiological results of bone union and alignment. Functional results were also evaluated by measuring the degrees of ankle motion and the American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores. Results: Seventeen of 20 cases (85%) achieved primary union at an average of 21.3 weeks. There were 3 cases of nonunion requiring a bone graft. The mean AOFAS score was 88.5 (range, 67∼92) and the average range of ankle motion was 49.2o (plantarflexion: 37.4o, dorsiflexion: 11.8o). Complication included 2 cases of minor mal-alignment, 1 case of claw toe and 1 case of peroneal neuropathy. Patients over the age of 60 had lower functional results. Additional factors did not affect the final results. Conclusion: Staged MIPO may achieve satisfactory results in distal tibial fractures with soft tissue compromise, decreasing deep infections and soft tissue complications.