7Effects on Thermal and Ablative Properties of Phenolic Resin (Novolac) Blended Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber

Rashid Nawaz,Naghmana Rashid,Zulfiqar Ali,Asad U. Khan,M. Shahid Nazir,Noaman Ul-Haq 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.6

In this work we investigated the ablative response and thermal properties of phenolic resin (PR) blended acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites. PR was added to NBR in the proportion of 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 phr by means of two-roll laboratory mill. PR remarkably improved ablation resistance and thermal properties of NBR/PR composite. The linear and mass ablation rates reduced to 21.3 % and 26.1 % respectively. The char content deposition increased from 0.19 to 26.8 %. Char layer produced by PR, obviously reduced the erosion rate of the NBR/PR composite relative to neat NBR (without PR). Detailed morphological studies of the composite and post-test (ablation) microstructure of char revealed that higher loading of PR in the rubber composite produced dense char layer firmly intact to the substrate. Furthermore, thermal stability of the composite improved by 22-23 ºC, however, thermal conductivity of the composite slightly increased by 0.115 W/mK for 50 Phr of PR loading as compared to the neat.

MANAGEMENT OF HASĀH WA RAML AL-KULYA (NEPHROLITHIASIS) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE: A REVIEW

Khan, Khalid Ali,Khan, Rashid Ali,Zakir, Mohammad Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.3

The kidneys are exposed to toxicants and waste product and can be affected easily by these toxicants and by products of the metabolism. The consumption of adequate water is necessary to remove waste and to keep kidney healthy. Deficiency of liquid in the blood leads to various adverse effects on the kidney. The most common adverse deficiency of liquid in blood is deposition of solid matter in the kidney and subsequently formation of kidney stone. Nephrolithiasis (kidney stone) can be treated by drugs if it is small in size but if it blocks the route due to its big size then surgery is the only way to remove it. The recurrence rate of the problem is very high and it may reappear within 10 years. In Unani literature Hasāh wa Raml al-Kulya (nephrolithiasis) is described in detail. As per Unani literature stagnation of Ghalīz mādda (filthy and viscous matter) in the kidney is the main cause of the formation of kidney stone. Various single and compound formulations drugs are described for the management of kidney stone which are very effective as well as safe. Management is divided into two parts i.e. symptomatic treatment to relieve pain and to methods adopted to remove stone from the kidney. Musakkin-i-Waja'(analgesic) drugs are used for pain while Mufattit-i-Hasāh (lithotriptic) and Mudirr-i-Bawl (Diuretic) drugs are used to remove stone. Majoon Aqrab, Qurs Kaknaj and Dawa-e-Gurda etc. are compound drugs mentioned in literature for removal of kidney stone. Single drugs like Alu Balu, Tukhm Khayar, and Kharkhask etc. are also used for same purpose.

CONCEPT AND MANAGEMENT OF ISTISQĀ' (OEDEMA) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

Khan, Khalid Ali,Zakir, Mohammad,Khan, Shahid Ali,Khan, Rashid Ali Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.1

Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and it is generally allied with liver disease like cirrhosis of the liver. The ascites is commonly associated with liver cirrhosis, malignancy, or cardiovascular disease today. The liver cirrhosis is the most significant cause of ascites in developed countries as per the available data. In the modern medicine system, the treatment includes the restriction of sodium intake, use of diuretics, and paracentesis done in severe cases. There are many side effects of synthetic chemical diuretics, and their long-term use is not recommended. The alternative medicine like Unani system of medicine provides natural diuretics and drugs which also have protective effects on kidney, liver and other internal organs. It is well known in all drug systems that the prognosis is poor in ascites, but the use of Unani herbal medicines can minimize the side effects caused by synthetic chemical diuretics. The natural herbs used for the management of ascites have fewer side effects as compared to synthetic drugs. The natural drugs can be used for longer duration and provide some dietary supplement which improves the quality of life. This review addressed the thorough treatment of ascites by natural diet and medications.

Genetic and phenotypic diversity in Solanum lycopersicum genotypes: insights from morpho-molecular and biochemical analyses

Khan Tamana,Rashid Rizwan,Shah Labiba,Afroza Baseerat,Khan Sabba,Bhat Mohd. Ashraf,Alwutayd Khairiah Mubarak,Mahajan Reetika,정용석,Mansoor Sheikh,Sun Hyeon-Jin 한국식물생명공학회 2024 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.18 No.2

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crop is well-known for its versatility worldwide and is also recognized as model species used extensively for various genetic studies. The aim of this research was to investigate both inter and intra-genetic diversity present among various tomato genotypes. This investigation was carried out through a comprehensive analysis encompass- ing morphological observations, biochemical assessments, and the utilization of SSR markers. A total of 15 discrete agro- morphological traits and six biochemical traits were undertaken in the current study for evaluating the analysis of variance, genetic parameters and correlation. The analysis of variance indicated significant differences across genotypes for all 15 agro-morphological traits and 6 biochemical traits tested, indicating that the experimental material included considerable vari- ability. Morphological clustering divided the genotypes into 2 clusters and the genotype wise distance matrix was obtained to identify the most diverse genotypes. PCA analysis was conducted to understand the directive relation of traits and magnitude of variability contributed by them. SSR profiling with 24 primers identified 44 alleles with 1.83 as mean number of alleles/ SSR with an average PIC value of 0.31. Structure analysis revealed two sub-populations (K = 2). The AMOVA indicated that 98% of the total variation was present within populations. This study presents a roadmap for composing future breeding strategies for integrating desirable traits in novel tomato lines that combine robustness and nutritive value.

NUMERICAL THERMAL ANALYSIS OF REGENERATIVE TYPE SINGLE RADIANT TUBE BURNER

Rashid Ali khan,Kashif Rashid,Sang Keun Dong 한국신재생에너지학회 2015 AFORE Vol.2015 No.11

A detector system for searching lost γ-ray source

Khan Waseem,He Chaohui,Cao Yu,Khan Rashid,Yang Weitao 한국원자력학회 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.7

The aim of this work is to develop a Geiger-Muller (GM) detector system for robot to look for a radioactive source in case of a nuclear emergency or in a high radiation environment. In order to find a radiation source easily, a detector system, including 3 detectors, was designed to search g-ray radiation sources autonomously. First, based on GEANT4 simulation, radiation dose rates in 3 Geiger-Muller (GM) counters were simulated at different source-detector distances, distances between detectors and angles. Various sensitivity analyses were performed experimentally to verify the simulated designed detector system. A mono-energetic 137Cs g-ray source with energy 662 keV and activity of 1.11 GBq was used for the observation. The simulated results were compared with the experimental dose rate values and good agreements were obtained for various cases. Only based on the dose rates in three detectors, the radiation source with a specific source activity and angle was localized in the different location. A method was adopted with the measured dose rates and differences of distances to find the actual location of the lost g-ray source. The corresponding angles of deviation and detection limits were calculated to determine the sensitivity and abilities of our designed detector system. The proposed system can be used to locate radiation sources in low and high radiation environments

Inherent irreversibility in unsteady magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow past a slippery permeable vertical plate with fractional-order derivative

Khan Zafar H,Makinde Oluwole D,Usman Muhammad,Ahmad Rashid,Khan Waqar A,Huang Zaitang 한국CDE학회 2023 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.10 No.5

This study focuses on fractional-order derivatives for the unsteady flow of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) methanol-iron oxide (CH3OH-Fe3O4) nanofluid over a permeable vertical plate. The utilization of fractional-order derivatives provides a mathematical representation of the flow model. The concluding model, consisting of a system of fractional-order transient partial differential equations, has been solved using the finite difference method, and graphical illustrations demonstrate the effects of key parameters on the flow field. Velocity and temperature profiles provide insights into nanofluid behavior. Additionally, essential quantities such as skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, Bejan number, and entropy generation rate have been depicted graphically. Comparison with previous studies authenticates the accuracy of the anticipated model, contributing to new intuitions into MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable vertical plate. It is worth noting that the current model, incorporating fractional-order derivatives, contributes to understanding the physical characteristics of MHD CH3OH-Fe3O4 nanofluid flow over a permeable vertical plate, research that has not been extensively explored before.

SYSTEM DESIGN AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ANODE SUPPORTED FLAT TUBULAR SOFC 1kW STACK PART-1

Kashif Rashid,Dr. Sang Keun Dong,Rashid Ali Khan 한국신재생에너지학회 2015 AFORE Vol.2015 No.11

Anther Culture in Crop Plants: Progress and Perspectives

M. Thoihidul Islam(M. Thoihidul Islam ),Mohammad Rashid Arif(Mohammad Rashid Arif ),Md. Toufiq Hasan(Md. Toufiq Hasan ),Arif Hasan Khan Robin(Arif Hasan Khan Robin ) 한국육종학회 2023 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.11 No.2

A resurrection has started in haploid and double haploid research in the twenty-first century. The haploid and double haploid could be achieved through in vivo and in vitro anther and microspore culture techniques. Fixing the homozygosity is the most striking benefit of androgenesis. Various factors like genotypic dependency, growth condition, developmental stage of the microspore, pre-treatment, culture media, regeneration media, growth hormones, and various chemicals have a direct effect. Wheat, rice, Brassica, and tobacco are the notable crops where anther and microspore culture has been utilized. These haploidy and double haploidy through anther culture served many purposes of basic and applied research. Especially, double haploid cultivars have been cultivating around the globe. In addition, for chromosome mapping, QTL mapping, marker-assisted selection, marker-assisted backcrossing, mutation breeding, genome-wide association study, genomic engineering, and genome editing, androgenesis based haploid and double haploid plants have been exploited due to the effectiveness. Recently, researchers are trying to explain albinism that happens during anther culture from an epigenetic perspective. Further prospects of haploid and doubled haploid research through anther culture have been described in this review.

Antibodies against Nitric Oxide Damaged Poly L-Tyrosine and 3-Nitrotyrosine Levels in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Khan, Fozia,Ali, Rashid Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2006 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.39 No.2

Alterations in the amino acid structure or sequence can generate neo-epitopes from self-proteins causing autoaggressive immune attack. Reactive nitrogen species are an important factor that induces post-translational modification of proteins by cellular reduction and oxidation mechanism; cysteinyl-nitrosylation or tyrosine nitration leading to potentially pathogenic pathways. It was thought of interest to investigate the immunogenicity of nitrated poly L-tyrosine vis-$\`{a}$-vis its possible role in the induction of antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Commercially available poly L-tyrosine was exposed to nitrating species and the damage was monitored by UV spectroscopy and alkaline gel electrophoresis. The results indicated the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine. Nitrated poly L-tyrosine induced higher titre antibodies as compared to the native form. Nitrated poly L-tyrosine was recognized by the autoantibodies present in the sera of patients suffering from SLE by enzyme immunoassays and band shift assay. The possible role of nitrated self-proteins has been discussed in the production of circulating anti-DNA antibodies in SLE.