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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Khalil Abdelrazek Khalil (검색결과 9 건)
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Khalil, Khalil Abdelrazek,Kim, Sug Won,Dharmaraj, N.,Kim, Kwan Woo,Kim, Hak Yong Elsevier 2007 Journal of materials processing technology Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Novel technique was introduced to improve fracture toughness of hydroxyapatite (HAp) bioceramics. Composites of HAp/NiO with 1–5wt% of electrospun NiO nanofibers were synthesized by wet-milling technique and the mixtures were consolidated rapidly to full density by high-frequency induction heat sintering (HFIHS). Effect of electrospun NiO nanofibers content on the toughness, hardness and microstructure properties was studied. The resulting composites showed good sintering behaviors, high toughness and hardness. Compared with the toughness of pure HAp, the heat sintered HAp/NiO nanofiber composites showed 200% increase in the toughness by the addition of 5wt% NiO nanofibers. This can be related to the homogeneous dispersion of NiO nanoparticles in HAp at nanometer scales.</P>
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Engy M. Khalil,Farouk A. El-Fitiany,Mohammed A. Abourohiem,Ahmed M. Abdelrazek 대한토목학회 2024 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.28 No.1
For pressurized irrigation networks, the pump station is usually designed to guarantee the required operation head at all hydrants. Such a design usually results in a considerable waste of energy. Significant energy saving may be achieved by using booster pumps at critical hydrants. However, this will increase total capital cost and reduces the net economic benefit. A lot of research work has been carried out to minimize energy consumption, but no comprehensive economic study is available, which includes booster pumps. In the current study, an economic analysis of using a booster pump is carried out. Additional energy savings may be realized by dividing the hydrants into sectors. Four different scenarios are investigated. The proposed methodology is applied to a drip irrigation network at Kostol area, Egypt. The total capital cost increased by about 15.90%. However, this increase can be recovered in about five years through energy saving. Annual energy consumption is reduced by up to 35.6%. It is well understood that these results are constrained by temporal and spatial variations of field data. However, accumulated experience gained by similar studies for different networks and varying costs will provide valuable guidelines for the designers. Research may be extended to include additional operation and maintenance costs, water costs, and crop return value.
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Mohamed, Hend Omar,Obaid, M.,Khalil, Khalil Abdelrazek,Barakat, Nasser A.M. Elsevier 2016 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.41 No.7
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The use of commercially available cation and anion exchange membranes to generate power from industrial wastewater obtained from three different industries (food, alcohol and dairy factories) without the addition of external microorganisms or chemicals by using microbial fuel cells (MFCs) was investigated. The results indicate that the original mixed culture of microorganisms presented in wastewater can act as an effective bio-anode. Overall, the tested wastewaters show a good tendency for power generation in both cation- and anion- based MFCs. However, when compared to anion membranes, cation membranes exhibit a distinctly higher performance for all tested wastewaters. Cation membrane-based MFCs generate 1007 mWm<SUP>−3</SUP> of power from food, 627 mWm<SUP>−3</SUP> from alcohol, and 507 mWm<SUP>−3</SUP> from dairy wastewaters while anion membranes generate 190.5, 164, and 38 mWm<SUP>−3</SUP>, respectively. COD analyses and Coulombic efficiency measurements indicate that more organic pollutants are removed and higher efficiency is achieved by using cation membrane-MFCs rather than anion ones. SEM images of the anodes confirmed the formation of active bio-anodes with attached microorganisms, and FT-IR analyses reveal that the anion membranes are slightly affected by the wastewaters, especially by dairy wastewaters while the cation membranes exhibit a comparatively higher stability.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Microbial fuel cells can be effectively utilized with industrial wastewaters. </LI> <LI> Cation membranes exhibit distinctly high performance. </LI> <LI> The suggested MFCs are working without using external microorganisms. </LI> <LI> The as-received industrial wastewaters were used without preliminary treatment. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Obaid, M.,Ghouri, Zafar Khan,Fadali, Olfat A.,Khalil, Khalil Abdelrazek,Almajid, Abdulhakim A.,Barakat, Nasser A. M. American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.7
<P>Novel amorphous silica nanoparticle-incorporated poly(vinylidine fluoride) electrospun nanofiber mats are introduced as effective membranes for forward osmosis desalination technology. The influence of the inorganic nanoparticle content on water flux and salt rejection was investigated by preparing electrospun membranes with 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 wt % SiO2 nanoparticles. A laboratory-scale forward osmosis cell was utilized to validate the performance of the introduced membranes using fresh water as a feed and different brines as draw solution (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 M NaCl). The results indicated that the membrane embedding 0.5 wt % displays constant salt rejection of 99.7% and water flux of 83 L m(-2) h(-1) with 2 M NaCl draw solution. Moreover, this formulation displayed the lowest structural parameter (S = 29.7 mu m), which represents approximately 69% reduction compared to the pristine membrane. Moreover, this study emphasizes the capability of the electrospinning process in synthesizing effective membranes as the observed water flux and average salt rejection of the pristine poly(vinylidine fluoride) membrane was 32 L m(-2) h(-1) (at 2 M NaCl draw solution) and 99%, respectively. On the other hand, increasing the inorganic nanoparticles to 5 wt % showed negative influence on the salt rejection as the observed salt flux was 1651 mol m(-2) h(-1) Besides the aforementioned distinct performance, studies of the mechanical properties, porosity, and wettability concluded that the introduced membranes are effective for forward osmosis desalination technology.</P>
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Motlak, Moaaed,Barakat, Nasser A.M.,Akhtar, M. Shaheer,El-Deen, Ahmed G.,Obaid, M.,Kim, Cheol Sang,Khalil, Khalil Abdelrazek,Almajid, Abdulhakim A. Elsevier 2015 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.268 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For DSSCs application, highly efficient photoelectrode based on nitrogen (N) and graphene oxide (GO) co-incorporated TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanofibers were synthesized successfully by two simple successive methods; electrospinning followed by hydrothermal processes. The influence of the N and GO co-incorporation on the morphology, crystal structure and optical behavior of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanofibers were characterized by various advanced techniques. The results showed that the modified TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanofibers exhibit higher conversion energy in comparison to the mono-incorporated and pristine TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanofibers. Optical and electrochemical properties study indicated that, compared to other GO contents, the 0.5wt% GO content provides higher surface area, more active sites for the dye absorption, and numerous hot electron transport paths to the FTO substrate which consequently improves the cell performance. On the other hand, N atoms incorporation causes positive shift of the flat band potentials (<I>V</I> <SUB>fb</SUB>) which leads to fast electron transport in TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanofiber films and inhibits the charge recombination rate of photon-generated electrons. Accordingly, TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanofibers co-incorporated by nitrogen and GO (0.5wt%) exhibit the best performance as photoanode in the DSSC, the corresponding conversion efficiency was 5.72% compared to 4.52% and 1.54% in case of nitrogen-free 0.5wt% GO-incorporated and pristine TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanofibers, respectively. Overall, this study introduces nitrogen and graphene oxide co-incorporation in the titanium oxide nanofibers as novel strategy for enhancing the solar-to-electrical energy conversion in the DSSCs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nitrogen and graphene oxide co-incorporated TiO<SUB>2</SUB> are introduced by simple methods. </LI> <LI> The introduced co-incorporated TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanofibers reveal high efficiency; 5.72%. </LI> <LI> Co-incorporation leads to obtain high filling factor (FF=0.65). </LI> <LI> Co-incorporation has been used as novel strategy in the DSSCs. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Copper Ion Cementation in Presence of a Magnetic Field
Fadali, Olfat A.,Obaid, Mohamed,Mahmoud, Mohamed S.,Farrag, Taha E.,TaeWoo, Kim,Khalil, Khalil Abdelrazek,Barakat, Nasser A. M. VCH VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT 2015 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.38 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The effect of an electromagnetic field (EMF) on the rate of copper(II) cementation from copper sulfate solutions on a rotating iron cylinder was investigated. The studied variables were cylinder rotation speed, magnetic field strength, and magnetic field direction. The application of EMF increased the rate of cementation in both parallel and perpendicular direction of the magnetic field where the latter proved to be more effective. The rate of mass transfer under an EMF was found to be more than doubled. The enhancement of copper recovery in presence of the EMF is due to the induced motion of Fe<SUP>+</SUP><I><SUP>n</SUP></I> in the solution which is limited to a certain range of cylinder rotation speed. The power consumption for cementation of copper could be significantly reduced by utilizing EMF.</P>
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Stable and effective super-hydrophilic polysulfone nanofiber mats for oil/water separation
Obaid, M.,Barakat, Nasser A.M.,Fadali, Olfat A.,Al-Meer, Saeed,Elsaid, Khalid,Khalil, Khalil Abdelrazek Elsevier 2015 Polymer Vol.72 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hydrophobicity of polysulfone is the main constraint facing wide application in the most important field; water treatment, although this polymer shows promising characteristics to be used in different separation technologies. In this study, super-hydrophilic polysulfone nanofiber mats are introduced using novel modifications. The introduced nanofibers were synthesized by electrospinning of polysulfone/NaOH/DMF electrospun solution. The prepared electrospun nanofibers have been activated by deposition of a polyamide layer using interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction between m-phenylenediamine and 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl chloride. Three different heat treatment methodologies were investigated to enhance the characteristics of the activated nanofiber mats; normal drying at 70 °C, and soaking in boiled water followed by either normal drying at 70 °C or storing in the water. Investigation of the mechanical properties indicated that incorporation of NaOH improves the tensile stress by 40% compared to the pristine polysulfone nanofibers. Interestingly, treatment of the activated nanofiber mats in the boiled water followed by storing in water led to produce super-hydrophilic mats with water contact angle of 3° due to enhancing the IP reaction on the surface of the individual nanofibers. In oil/water separation process, the proposed heat treatment for the modified nanofiber mats resulted in increase the water flux from 8 to 12.21 m<SUP>3</SUP>/m<SUP>2</SUP> day with oil rejection of 99.976%.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Super-hydrophilic membrane based on PSF nanofibers is introduced. </LI> <LI> The membrane was modified using simple and effective heat treatment process. </LI> <LI> The corresponding water flux is very high; 12.21 m<SUP>3</SUP>/m<SUP>2</SUP> day. </LI> <LI> The fabrication process is simple, cheap and applicable. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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