Growth Analysis of Cancer Biology Research, 2000-2011

Keshava,,Thimmaiah, B. N.,Agadi, K. B. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Informat 2015 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.3 No.3

Methods and Material: The PubMed database was used for retrieving data on 'cancer biology.' Articles were downloaded from the years 2000 to 2011. The articles were classified chronologically and transferred to a spreadsheet application for analysis of the data as per the objectives of the study. Statistical Method: To investigate the nature of growth of articles via exponential, linear, and logistics tests. Result: The year wise analysis of the growth of articles output shows that for the years 2000 to 2005 and later there is a sudden increase in output, during the years 2006 to 2007 and 2008 to 2011. The high productivity of articles during these years may be due to their significance in cancer biology literature, having received prominence in research. Conclusion: There is an obvious need for better compilations of statistics on numbers of publications in the years from 2000 to 2011 on various disciplines on a worldwide scale, for informed critical assessments of the amount of new knowledge contributed by these publications, and for enhancements and refinements of present Scientometric techniques (citation and publication counts), so that valid measures of knowledge growth may be obtained. Only then will Scientometrics be able to provide accurate, useful descriptions and predictions of knowledge growth.

Anti-Cancer Effects of Imperata cylindrica Leaf Extract on Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma cell line SCC-9 in Vitro

Keshava, Rohini,Muniyappa, Nagesh,Gope, Rajalakshmi,Ramaswamaiah, Ananthanarayana Saligrama Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Imperata cylindrica, a tall tufted grass which has multiple pharmacological applications is one of the key ingredients in various traditional medicinal formula used in India. Previous reports have shown that I. cylindrica plant extract inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. To our knowledge, no studies have been published on the effect of I. cylindrica leaf extract on human oral cancers. The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the anticancer properties of the leaf extract of I. cylindrica using an oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCC-9 as an in vitro model system. A methanol extract from dried leaves of I. cylindrica (ICL) was prepared by standard procedures. Effects of the ICL extract on the morphology of SCC-9 cells was visualized by microscopy. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Effects of the ICL extract on colony forming ability of SCC-9 cells was evaluated using clonogenic assay. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry and induction of apoptosis was determined by DNA fragmentation assay. The ICL extract treatment caused cytotoxicity and induced cell death in vitro in SCC-9 cells in a dose-dependent manner. This treatment also significantly reduced the clonogenic potential and inhibited cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Furthermore, DNA fragmentation assays showed that the observed cell death was caused by apoptosis. This is the first report showing the anticancer activity of the methanol extracts from the leaves of I. cylindrica in human oral cancer cell line. Our data indicates that ICL extract could be considered as one of the lead compounds for the formulation of anticancer therapeutic agents to treat/manage human oral cancers. The natural abundance of I. cylindrica and its wide geographic distribution could render it one of the primary resource materials for preparation of anticancer therapeutic agents.

Detecting width-wise partial delamination in the composite beam using generalized fractal dimension

S. Keshava Kumar,Ranjan Ganguli,Dineshkumar Harursampath 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.19 No.1

Generalized fractal dimension is used to detect the presence of partial delamination in a composite laminated beam. The effect of boundary conditions and location of delamination on the fractal dimension curve is studied. Appropriability of higher mode shape data for detection of delamination in the beam is evaluated. It is shown that fractal dimension measure can be used to detect the presence of partial delamination in composite beams. It is found that the torsional mode shape is well suited for delamination detection in beams. First natural frequency of delaminated beam is found to be higher than the healthy beam for certain small and partial width delaminations and some boundary conditions. An explanation towards this counter intuitive phenomenon is provided.

Effects of Intraoperative Insufflation With Warmed, Humidified CO2 during Abdominal Surgery: A Review

Ju Yong Cheong,Anil Keshava,Paul Witting,Christopher John Young 대한대장항문학회 2018 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.34 No.3

Purpose: During a laparotomy, the peritoneum is exposed to the cold, dry ambient air of the operating room (20°C, 0%– 5% relative humidity). The aim of this review is to determine whether the use of humidified and/or warmed CO2 in the intraperitoneal environment during open or laparoscopic operations influences postoperative outcomes. Methods: A review was performed in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The PubMed, OVID MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Embase databases were searched for articles published between 1980 and 2016 (October). Comparative studies on humans or nonhuman animals that involved randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or prospective cohort studies were included. Both laparotomy and laparoscopic studies were included. The primary outcomes identified were peritoneal inflammation, core body temperature, and postoperative pain. Results: The literature search identified 37 articles for analysis, including 30 RCTs, 7 prospective cohort studies, 23 human studies, and 14 animal studies. Four studies found that compared with warmed/humidified CO2, cold, dry CO2 resulted in significant peritoneal injury, with greater lymphocytic infiltration, higher proinflammatory cytokine levels and peritoneal adhesion formation. Seven of 15 human RCTs reported a significantly higher core body temperature in the warmed, humidified CO2 group than in the cold, dry CO2 group. Seven human RCTs found lower postoperative pain with the use of humidified, warmed CO2. Conclusion: While evidence supporting the benefits of using humidified and warmed CO2 can be found in the literature, a large human RCT is required to validate these findings.

Preparation of silver nanoparticle-containing semi-interpenetrating network hydrogels composed of pluronic and poly(acrylamide) with antibacterial property

Sangphil Park,고원건,P.S. Keshava Murthy,Saemi Park,Y. Murali Mohan 한국공업화학회 2011 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.17 No.2

In this investigation, we prepared semi-interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels composed of pluronic and poly(acrylamide), using free radical polymerization with a redox initiator system in the presence of N,N0-methylenebisacrylamide. The hydrogels served as templates for producing highly stable and uniformly distributed silver nanoparticles via in situ reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO_3) using sodium borohydride (NaBH_4) as reducing agent. We confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles using ultraviolet visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Stability and morphology of the nanoparticles was examined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Finally, we demonstrated the presence of antibacterial activity in the developed hydrogel–silver nanocomposite.

Significant conservation of synthetic lethal genetic interaction networks between distantly related eukaryotes.

Dixon, Scott J,Fedyshyn, Yaroslav,Koh, Judice L Y,Prasad, T S Keshava,Chahwan, Charly,Chua, Gordon,Toufighi, Kiana,Baryshnikova, Anastasija,Hayles, Jacqueline,Hoe, Kwang-Lae,Kim, Dong-Uk,Park, Han-Oh National Academy of Sciences 2008 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.105 No.43

<P>Synthetic lethal genetic interaction networks define genes that work together to control essential functions and have been studied extensively in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the synthetic genetic array (SGA) analysis technique (ScSGA). The extent to which synthetic lethal or other genetic interaction networks are conserved between species remains uncertain. To address this question, we compared literature-curated and experimentally derived genetic interaction networks for two distantly related yeasts, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and S. cerevisiae. We find that 23% of interactions in a novel, high-quality S. pombe literature-curated network are conserved in the existing S. cerevisiae network. Next, we developed a method, called S. pombe SGA analysis (SpSGA), enabling rapid, high-throughput isolation of genetic interactions in this species. Direct comparison by SpSGA and ScSGA of approximately 220 genes involved in DNA replication, the DNA damage response, chromatin remodeling, intracellular transport, and other processes revealed that approximately 29% of genetic interactions are common to both species, with the remainder exhibiting unique, species-specific patterns of genetic connectivity. We define a conserved yeast network (CYN) composed of 106 genes and 144 interactions and suggest that this network may help understand the shared biology of diverse eukaryotic species.</P>