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Hara, Masanori,Hattori, Daiki,Inukai, Junji,Bae, Byungchan,Hoshi, Takayuki,Hara, Masaya,Miyatake, Kenji,Watanabe, Masahiro American Chemical Society 2013 The journal of physical chemistry. B, Condensed ma Vol.117 No.14
<P>The proton-conductive spots on the membrane surface of sulfonated poly(arylene ether) multiblock copolymer were successfully imaged by current-sensing atomic force microscopy under hydrogen atmosphere at various temperatures and humidities. These spots should be connected to the proton-conductive paths inside the membrane. The average diameter of the spots was approximately 12 nm, consistent with the size of hydrophilic domains observed by transmission electron microscopy. The size of the proton-conducting spots was almost unchanged regardless of the temperature and humidity, whereas the number of the spots increased at higher humidity; the total area of the proton-conducting spots increased accordingly on the membrane surface. This increase in the conducting area at high humidity should be related to the bulk ionic conductivity measured by impedance spectroscopy.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpcbfk/2013/jpcbfk.2013.117.issue-14/jp312041c/production/images/medium/jp-2012-12041c_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp312041c'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Review : EUS-Guided Biliary Drainage
( Kenji Yamao ),( Kazuo Hara ),( Nobumasa Mizuno ),( Akira Sawaki ),( Susumu Hijioka ),( Yasumasa Niwa ),( Masahiro Tajika ),( Hiroki Kawai ),( Shinya Kondo ),( Yasuhiro Shimizu ),( Vikram Bhatia ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2010 Gut and Liver Vol.4 No.s1
Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) combines endoscopy and intraluminal ultrasonography, and allows imaging with a high-frequency transducer over a short distance to generate high-resolution ultrasonographic images. EUS is now a widely accepted modality for diagnosing pancreatobiliary diseases. EUS-guided fineneedle aspiration (EUS-FNA) using a curved linear- array echoendoscope was initially described more than 20 years ago, and since then many researchers have expanded its indications to sample diverse lesions and have also used it for various therapeutic purposes. EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is one of the therapeutic procedures that has been developed using a curved linear-array echoendoscope. Technically, EUS-BD includes rendezvous techniques via transesophageal, transgastric, and transduodenal routes, EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS), and EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS). Published data have demonstrated a high success rate, albeit with a comparatively high rate of nonfatal complications for EUS-CDS and EUS-HGS, and a comparatively low success rate with a low complication rate for the rendezvous technique. At present, these procedures represent an alternative to surgery or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) for patients with obstructive jaundice when endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) has failed. However, these procedures should be performed in centers with extensive experience in linear EUS and therapeutic biliary ERCP. Large prospective studies are needed in the near future to establish standardized EUS-BD procedures as well as to perform controlled comparative trials between EUS-BD and PTBD, between rendezvous techniques and direct-access techniques (EUS-CDS and EUS-HGS), and between EBD and EUS-BD. (Gut Liver 2010;4(Suppl. 1):S67-75)
Hara, Yutaka,Kawamura, Takafumi,Akimoto, Hiromichi,Tanaka, Kenji,Nakamura, Takuju,Mizumukai, Kentaro Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2014 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.7 No.1
Double-blade vertical axis wind turbines (DB-VAWTs) can improve the self-starting performance of lift-driven VAWTs. We here propose the quadruple-multiple streamtube model (QMS), based on the blade element momentum (BEM) theory, for simulating DB-VAWT performance. Model validity is investigated by comparison to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) prediction for two kinds of two-dimensional DB-VAWT rotors for two rotor scales with three inner-outer radius ratios: 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75. The BEM-QMS model does not consider the effects of an inner rotor on the flow speed in the upwind half of the rotor, so we introduce a correction factor for this flow speed. The maximum power coefficient predicted by the modified BEM-QMS model for a DB-VAWT is thus closer to the CFD prediction.
Yutaka Hara,Takafumi Kawamura,아키모토,Kenji Tanaka,Takuju Nakamura,Kentaro Mizumukai 한국유체기계학회 2014 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.7 No.1
Double-blade vertical axis wind turbines (DB-VAWTs) can improve the self-starting performance of lift-driven VAWTs. We here propose the quadruple-multiple streamtube model (QMS), based on the blade element momentum (BEM) theory, for simulating DB-VAWT performance. Model validity is investigated by comparison to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) prediction for two kinds of two-dimensional DB-VAWT rotors for two rotor scales with three inner-outer radius ratios: 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75. The BEM-QMS model does not consider the effects of an inner rotor on the flow speed in the upwind half of the rotor, so we introduce a correction factor for this flow speed. The maximum power coefficient predicted by the modified BEM-QMS model for a DB-VAWT is thus closer to the CFD prediction.
( Yusuke Kawamura ),( Kenji Ikeda ),( Taito Fukushima ),( Yuya Seko ),( Tasuku Hara ),( Hitomi Sezaki ),( Tetsuya Hosaka ),( Norio Akuta ),( Masahiro Kobayashi ),( Satoshi Saitoh ),( Fumitaka Suzuki ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.5
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacodynamics of cisplatin following three different treatment procedures for intrahepatic arterial infusion thera-py for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: We divided 13 HCC patients into the following three groups: group A, lone injection of cisplatin (n=3); group B, combined injection of cisplatin and lipiodol, with embolization using small gela-tin cubes (GCs) (n=5); and group C, injection of suspended lipiodol with cisplatin powder, with embolization using small GCs (n=5). In each group, the free cisplatin concentration in the hepatic vein was measured at 0, 5, 10, and 30 minutes. Results: The mean free cisplatin concentrations were as fol-lows. For group A, the mean was 48.58 μg/mL at 0 minute, 7.31 mL at 5 minutes, 5.70 mL at 10 minutes, and 7.15 mL at 30 minutes. For the same time points, for group B, the concentrations were 8.66, 4.23, 3.22, and 1.65 μg/mL, respectively, and for group C, the concentrations were 4.81, 2.61, 2.52, and 1.75 mL, respectively. The mean area under the curve (AUC)0-infinity for the free cisplatin concentration was 7.80 in group A, 2.48 in group B, and 2.27 in group C. The AUC0-infinity for the free cisplatin concentration gradually decreased, from group A to group C. Conclusions: These results indicate that the combination of lipiodol and small GCs may be useful for delaying cisplatin drainage from the liver. (Gut Liver 2013;7:576-584)
Kato, Takashi,Hara, Kenji,Tanaka, Hiroyuki Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2019 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.8 No.3
This report introduces the structural design of Hibiya Mitsui Tower built in Tokyo Midtown Hibiya. The upper part of this tower is used for offices and the lower portion is for commercial facilities and a cinema complex which need the large open spaces. The 192m-high building has 35 floors above ground and 4 below ground. The structure is a steel frame using CFT columns to feature the high-performance oil dampers and the buckling restrained braces for vibration control. First, an outline of the structural design of this building is presented. Second, we introduce the transfer frame adopted to realize the large open spaces in the lower part, and the long column supporting the corner part of the high-rise building to avoid making a shade on the adjacent Hibiya Park, which are the feature of this building. Finally, we present an outline of the latest highly efficient semi-active oil dampers adopted in this building, and the vibration responses of this tower.
A convergence proof for local mode filtering
Shuoyan Zhang,Kohei Inoue,Kenji Hara 한국통신학회 2021 ICT Express Vol.7 No.4
In this paper, we present a convergence proof for an iterative procedure of local mode filtering. We formulate the local mode filtering as a quadratic optimization problem based on the Legendre transform of convex function, from which two closed-form expressions at each iteration step are derived for variables to be optimized. Those analytical solutions ensure that the value of objective function increases monotonically with the progress of the iterative procedure. We also show experimental results using a grayscale image, which support our theoretical results practically.
Variation in the Size of Light Harvesting 1 of Purple Bacteria
Akiyama, Machiko,Nagashima, Kenji V.P.,Inoue, Ryouji,Wakayama, Tatsuki,Kise, Hideo,Hara, Masayuki,Kobayashi, Masami Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2
We examined the bacteriochlorophyill/bacteriopheophytin ratios in several species of purple bacteria containing only LHI. The pigment ratios depended greatly on species. Further, Rhodospirillum rubrum showed wide variation when grown under different light intensity, and Rhodobium marinum showed significant variation from culture to culture even under the same light conditions. The protein ratios of a/RC and $\beta$/RC estimated by SDS-PAGE of chromatophores of Rsp. rubrum and Rbi. marinum exhibited the ratio of $\beta$/$\alpha$ > 1. These findings gave us the novel idea that there are two types of LHl; one is a C-shaped open antenna composed by $\alpha$$\beta$ units surrounding a RC, and another is a small closed ring antenna composed by $\alpha$$\beta$ units located peripherally in a variable ratio to the core complex like LH2.
Saturation improvement in hue-preserving color image enhancement without gamut problem
Hengjun Yu,Kohei Inoue,Kenji Hara,Kiichi Urahama 한국통신학회 2018 ICT Express Vol.4 No.3
This study proposes a method to improve the saturation of colors during hue-preserving color image enhancement without the gamut problem. First, the color of each pixel in an input image is projected onto one of three bisecting planes or bisectors of an RGB color cube to increase saturation. Then, that projected color is transformed into a target color with a designated luminance and the same hue as the original color. Experimental results show that the proposed method can enhance color images better than can recent hue-preserving color image enhancement methods.