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Kaoru Takabayashi,Naoki Hosoe,Motohiko Kato,Yukie Hayashi,Ryoichi Miyanaga,Kosaku Nanki,Kayoko Fukuhara,Yohei Mikami,Shinta Mizuno,Tomohisa Sujino,Makoto Mutaguchi,Makoto Naganuma,Naohisa Yahagi,Haruh 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.5
Background/Aims: The evaluation of small bowel lesions of Crohn’s disease (CD) using balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) is crucial because mucosal healing is associated with a good prognosis. However, BAE procedures are invasive, requiring sedation or analgesia to reduce the patient’s pain. This study evaluated the clinical usefulness of a novel ultrathin single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) procedure for CD. Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 102 CD patients who underwent trans-anal SBE between January 2012 and May 2018. Of these patients, 82 underwent enteroscopy using conventional SBE, while 20 underwent ultrathin SBE. Patients were analyzed using propensity score matching, with 20 patients per group. The median duration of the examination, terminal ileum intubation rate, median cecum intubation time, median insertion depth, adverse events, and sedated dose in each group were compared. Results: Before propensity score matching, the conventional SBE group had a larger number of surgical history patients than the ultrathin SBE group (p=0.05). After matching, the two groups did not significantly differ clinically. There were no significant differences in the mean duration of the examination, cecum intubation time, or terminal ileal intubation rate between ultrathin SBE and conventional SBE. The mean insertion depth of ultrathin SBE tended to be deeper than that of conventional SBE (p=0.09). The use of ultrathin SBE also reduced the sedative dose during needed for enteroscopy compared with conventional SBE (p=0.005). Conclusions: Novel ultrathin SBE may be less painful for CD patients than conventional SBE.
Promoting the Utilization of Antenatal and Postnatal Care in Rural Cambodia
Kaoru Ishiguro 연세대학교 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2023 Asian Development Perspectives (ADP) Vol.14 No.1
Mortality rates among mothers and neonates are high in Cambodia, and the government has created an initiative to reduce them. Antenatal and postnatal care services are key to this reduction; thus, this study empirically elucidated factors for promoting antenatal and postnatal care in rural Cambodia. Interviews were conducted with 283 mothers, who were asked about their attendance at antenatal and postnatal care. Data were analyzed through logistic regression, and determinants that impact respondents’ attendance were examined. This study found that antenatal care is impacted by age, number of children, household size and income, and access to information. However, she is less likely to attend antenatal care if she is involved in certain social groups. A mother is more likely to attend postnatal care if she is older, has fewer children, delivered her baby at a public health center, and received information from the village head. Social capital and unequal access to sources of information impact women’s attendance.
Kaoru Suseki,Masaomi Yamashita,Yoshiaki Kojima,Yojiro Minegishi,Koichiro Komiya,Masashi Takaso 대한골다공증학회 2022 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.8 No.4
Objectives: Many patients with osteoporotic fragile fracture often suffer from dysphagia that results in malnutrition, further deterioration of physical strength, and rehabilitation difficulties. This study aims to investigate the risk factors for dysphagia in hospitalized patients with osteoporotic vertebral and/or hip fractures. Methods: Between January 2020 and December 2021, 569 inpatients were managed for osteoporotic vertebral or hip fractures. Of these, 503 patients were analyzed and 66 were excluded as the required data could not be obtained or dysphagia with causative diseases such as cerebrovascular disease. The patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with dysphagia (P-group) and patients without dysphagia (N-group). We investigated gender, fracture site, age, systemic skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), bone mineral density (BMD), and body mass index (BMI) in early stage of hospitalization and studied their relationship with dysphagia. Results: There were no significant differences in gender and fracture site between the 2 groups. A significant difference was observed in age, SMI, BMD, and BMI (P < 0.01). We performed a logistic regression analysis with the P-group as the objective variable and age, SMI, BMD, and BMI as explanatory variables. We divided objective groups into all patients, patients with vertebral fracture, patients with hip fracture, men, and women. SMI was an independent risk factor in all groups. Conclusions: Lower SMI was a risk factor for dysphagia in hospitalized patients with osteoporotic vertebral and hip fractures. We carefully observed swallowing function of patients with decreased SMI to maintain the nutritional status and prevent rehabilitation difficulties.
Kaoru Okugawa,Hideaki Yahata,Kenzo Sonoda,Tatsuhiro Ohgami,Masafumi Yasunaga,Eisuke Kaneki,Kiyoko Kato 대한부인종양학회 2020 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.31 No.4
Objective: For oncologic safety, vaginal radical trachelectomy is generally performed onlyin patients with cervical cancers smaller than 2 cm. However, because inclusion criteriafor abdominal trachelectomy are controversial, we evaluated the safety of abdominaltrachelectomy for cervical cancers ≥2 cm. Methods: We began performing abdominal trachelectomies at our institution in 2005,primarily for squamous cell carcinoma ≤3 cm or adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous carcinoma≤2 cm. If a positive sentinel lymph node or cervical margin was diagnosed intraoperativelyby frozen section, the trachelectomy was converted to a hysterectomy. Medical records ofthese patients were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who had undergone simple abdominaltrachelectomy were excluded from this study. Results: We attempted trachelectomy in 212 patients. Among the 135 patients with tumors<2 cm, trachelectomy was successful in 120, one of whom developed recurrence and noneof whom died of their disease. Among 77 patients with tumors ≥2 cm, trachelectomy wassuccessful in 62, 2 of whom developed recurrence and 1 of whom died of her disease. Theoverall relapse rate after trachelectomy was 1.6% (0.8% in <2 cm group and 3.2% in ≥2 cmgroup), and the mortality rate was 0.5% (0% in <2 cm group and 1.6% in ≥2 cm group). Recurrence-free survival (p=0.303) and overall survival (p=0.193) did not differ significantlybetween the <2 cm and ≥2 cm groups. Conclusions: Abdominal trachelectomy with intraoperative frozen sections of sentinel lymphnodes and cervical margins is oncologically safe, even in patients with tumors ≥2 cm.
Managerial Entrenchment and Antitakeover Provisions in Japan
Kaoru Hosono,Miho Takizawa,Kotaro Tsuru 서울대학교 경제연구소 2011 Seoul journal of economics Vol.24 No.3
We analyze the characteristics of the firms that introduce antitakeover provisions using a Japanese firm-level dataset. We find that the likelihood of the adoption of antitakeover provisions is correlated positively with firm age and the proportion of cross-shareholding and negatively with the share of managerial ownership. The adoption of antitakeover measures is suggested to be motivated by selfprotection on the part of managers and is influenced by the conflicts of interest between managers and shareholders. We also find that the operating performance or the stock market valuation does not affect the likelihood of the adoption of antitakeover provisions.
Intraperitoneal inflammation progress the development of endometriosis in mouse model
( Kaoru Keyama ),( Kana Kasai ),( Sumika Matsui ),( Kanako Yoshida ),( Takeshi Kato ),( Minoru Irahara ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
Objective: Previous studies show that the abdomen inflammation advance formation of endometriosis. The aim of this study is to clarify the intraperitoneal inflammation progress the development of endometriosis in mouse model. Methods: We used C57BL/6J female mice in 8 weeks. Oophorectomy was performed to donor mice. Then estradiol (2 μg/day) was injected subcutaneously for 7 days. The endometrium tissue was removed on 8th day. The tissue and flesh blood(100 μl/body) of donor mice was implanted to recipient mice intraperitoneally as a control group. In another group, LPS(100 μg/body) was injected intraperitoneally one day before the implantation. In the other group, the endometrium tissue , flesh blood (100 μl/body) and LPS(100 μg/body) was implanted at the same day. The abdominal cavity was opened in 15th day, then the number of lesion and the greatest dimension was measured. The endometriosis lesion tissue were diagnosed histologically with HE staining. As a next trial, we conducted the analysis of the concentration of inflammatory cytokines in ascites. We injected LPS (50 μg/body) into the abdominal cavity of mice. Then abdominal irrigation was done with saline(1ml) after 2 hours, 6 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days and 10 days of injection. The measurement items are TNFα, MIP-2, and IL-6. Results: The endometrial lesions are significantly formed in the mice which was implanted blood, endometrial tissue, and LPS at the same time. TNFα and IL-6 reached the maximum level in 2 hours, and MIP-2 did in 7days after injection. Conclusion: LPS causes inflammation, and it progresses the development of endometriosis.