Beyond Process Design : The Emergence of a Process Development Focus

Ng, Ka Ming,Wibowo, Christianto 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.20 No.5

This article suggests that process development, consisting of process research and innovation, pilot plant, technology transfer and manufacturing, will play a key role in the evolution of chemical engineering as a profession. By integrating science, engineering and management with a multiscale approach, process development helps break down artificial barriers, leading to performance optimization from an enterprise- wide perspective.

Competing Influences of Greenhouse Warming and Aerosols on Asian Summer Monsoon Circulation and Rainfall

William Ka-Ming Lau,김규명 한국기상학회 2017 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.53 No.2

In this paper, we have compared and contrasted competing influences of greenhouse gases (GHG) warming and aerosol forcing on Asian summer monsoon circulation and rainfall based on CMIP5 historical simulations. Under GHG-only forcing, the land warms much faster than the ocean, magnifying the pre-industrial climatological land-ocean thermal contrast and hemispheric asymmetry, i.e., warmer northern than southern hemisphere. A steady increasing warm-ocean-warmer-land (WOWL) trend has been in effect since the 1950’s substantially increasing moisture transport from adjacent oceans, and enhancing rainfall over the Asian monsoon regions. However, under GHG warming, increased atmospheric stability due to strong reduction in mid-tropospheric and near surface relative humidity coupled to an expanding subsidence areas, associated with the Deep Tropical Squeeze (DTS, Lau and Kim, 2015b) strongly suppress monsoon convection and rainfall over subtropical and extratropical land, leading to a weakening of the Asian monsoon meridional circulation. Increased anthropogenic aerosol emission strongly masks WOWL, by over 60% over the northern hemisphere, negating to a large extent the rainfall increase due to GHG warming, and leading to a further weakening of the monsoon circulation, through increasing atmospheric stability, most likely associated with aerosol solar dimming and semi-direct effects. Overall, we find that GHG exerts stronger positive rainfall sensitivity, but less negative circulation sensitivity in SASM compared to EASM. In contrast, aerosols exert stronger negative impacts on rainfall, but less negative impacts on circulation in EASM compared to SASM.

Series D : The Lived Space of Mathematics Learning: An Attempt for Change

( Ngai Ying Wong ),( Ming Ming Chiu ),( Ka Ming Wong ),( Chi Chung Lam ) 한국수학교육학회 2005 수학교육연구 Vol.9 No.1

Extended use of Prostate Health Index and percentage of [-2]pro-prostate-specific antigen in Chinese men with prostate specific antigen 10–20 ng/mL and normal digital rectal examination

Peter Ka-Fung Chiu,Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh,Wai-Man Lee,Chi-Hang Yee,Eddie Shu-Yin Chan,See-Ming Hou,Chi-Fai Ng 대한비뇨의학회 2016 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.57 No.5

Purpose: We investigated the extended use of Prostate Health Index (PHI) and percentage of [-2]pro-prostate-specific antigen (%p2PSA) in Chinese men with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 10–20 ng/mL and normal digital rectal examination (DRE). Materials and Methods: All consecutive Chinese men with PSA 10–20 ng/mL and normal DRE who agreed for transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided 10-core prostate biopsy were recruited. Blood samples were taken immediately before TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. The performances of total PSA (tPSA), %free-to-total PSA (%fPSA), %p2PSA, and PHI were compared using logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic, and decision curve analyses (DCA). Results: From 2008 to 2015, 312 consecutive Chinese men were included. Among them, 53 out of 312 (17.0%) men were diagnosed to have prostate cancer on biopsy. The proportions of men with positive biopsies were 6.7% in PHI<35, 22.8% in PHI 35–55, and 54.5% in PHI>55 (chi-square test, p<0.001). The area under curves (AUC) of the base model including age, tPSA and status of initial/repeated biopsy was 0.64. Adding %p2PSA and PHI to the base model improved the AUC to 0.79 (p<0.001) and 0.78 (p<0.001), respectively, and provided net clinical benefit in DCA. The positive biopsy rates of Gleason 7 or above prostate cancers were 2.2% for PHI<35, 7.9% for PHI 35–55, and 36.4% for PHI>55 (chi-square test, p<0.001). By utilizing the PHI cutoff of 35 to men with PSA 10–20 ng/mL and normal DRE, 57.1% (178 of 312) biopsies could be avoided. Conclusions: Both PHI and %p2PSA performed well in predicting prostate cancer and high grade prostate cancer. The use of PHI and %p2PSA should be extended to Chinese men with PSA 10–20 ng/mL and normal DRE.

Gallium-67 Scan with Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography for the Evaluation and Monitoring of Infected Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A 10-Year Case Series

Hoi-Ming Kwok,Wing-Hang Luk,Lik-Fai Cheng,Nin-Yuan Pan,Ho-Fung Chan,Johnny Ka-Fai Ma 대한혈관외과학회 2021 Vascular Specialist International Vol.37 No.2

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the role of gallium-67 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with contrast computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation and monitoring of infected abdominal aortic aneurysms (IAAA). Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using prospectively collected data of consecutive patients with IAAA in Princess Margaret Hospital in Hong Kong between January 2010 and December 2020. The patients were identified using the Radiology Information System. Results: All five patients had proven IAAA on CT and/or metabolic imaging. Among them, three were further supported by positive blood culture results. Gallium- 67 SPECT with contrast CT was useful in the detection of residual disease, monitoring, and detection of recurrence. Conclusion: Gallium-67 SPECT with contrast CT is helpful for evaluating IAAA. It serves an important role in guiding management, especially during long-term follow-up.

An Unusual Case of Gastric Cancer Presenting with Breast Metastasis with Pleomorphic Microcalcifications

Yiu Shiobhon Luk,Solomon Yig Joon Ka,Sherwin Shing Wai Lo,Chi Yeung Chu,Ming Wai Ma 한국유방암학회 2012 Journal of breast cancer Vol.15 No.3

Breast metastasis from gastric carcinoma is rare. We present a case of right breast mass with microcalcification in which the diagnosis of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma from the stomach was made after a biopsy. Pleomorphic microcalcification was noted in the ill-defined breast mass, which is a rare feature in breast metastasis. Since breast metastasis usually signifies advanced metastatic disease, differentiating primary breast cancer from metastasis is important for appropriate treatment.

Physiological Consequences of Programmed Necrosis, an Alternative form of Cell Demise

조영식,박승연,Hee Suk Shin,Francis Ka-Ming Chan 한국분자세포생물학회 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.29 No.4

Cell death occurs spontaneously or in response to exter-nal stimuli, and can be largely subdivided into apoptosis and necrosis by the distinct morphological and biochemi-cal features. Unlike apoptosis, necrosis was recognized as the passive and unwanted cell demise committed in a non-regulated and disorganized manner. However, under spe-cific conditions such as caspase intervention, necrosis has been proposed to be regulated in a well-orchestrated way as a backup mechanism of apoptosis. The term pro-grammed necrosis has been coined to describe such an alternative cell death. Recently, at least some regulators governing programmed necrosis have been identified and demonstrated to be interconnected via a wide network of signal pathways by further extensive studies. There is growing evidence that programmed necrosis is not only associated with pathophysiological diseases, but also provides innate immune response to viral infection. Here, we will introduce recent updates on the molecular mecha-nism and physiological significance of programmed ne-crosis.

Methodological Study on the Evaluation of Face Mask Use Scale among Public Adult: Cross-Language and Psychometric Testing

Lam, Simon Ching,Chong, Andy Chun Yin,Chung, Jessie Yuk Seng,Lam, Ming Yee,Chan, Lai Man,Shum, Cho Yee,Wong, Eliza Yi Ni,Mok, Yat Man,Lam, Ming Tat,Chan, Man Man,Tong, Ka Ying,Chu, Oi Lee,Siu, Fong Ki 한국성인간호학회 2020 성인간호학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to establish the translation adequacy and examine the psychometric properties of FaceMask Use Scale (FMUS). Methods: This methodological study employed a cross-sectional design with repeatedmeasures. Phase 1 examined the equivalence and relevance of English and Chinese versions of FMUS. Phase2 examined the internal consistency, stability and construct validity. Different sample batches (213 universitystudents and 971 general public) were used appropriately for psychometric testing. The 2-phase data were collectedbetween January and April 2017. Results: In Phase 1, the semantic equivalence and relevance (item- and scale-levelcontent-validity-index=100%) was satisfactory. Furthermore, from 133 paired test-retest responses, the quadraticweighted kappa (.53~.73, p<.001) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC=.81) between the English andChinese version of FMUS were satisfactory. In Phase 2, FMUS demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency(Cronbach’s ⍺=.80~.81; corrected item-total correlation coefficients=.46~.67) and two-week test-retest stability(ICC=.84). The known-groups method (t=3.08, p<.001), exploratory (71.10% of total variance in two-factor model)and confirmatory factory analysis (x2/df=4.02, Root Mean Square Residual=.03, Root Mean Square Error ofApproximation=.06, Goodness of Fit Index=.99, Comparative Fit Index=.99) were all satisfactory for establishingthe construct validity. Conclusion: The FMUS has an equivalence Chinese and English versions, satisfactoryreliability and validity for measuring the practice of face mask use. This poses clinical and research implications forthose community health nurses who works on respiratory protection. Further research should be conducted on the‘negligent practice’ of FMU.

Investigation of Readiness for 4D and 5D BIM Adoption in the Australian Construction Industry

Ki Pyung Kim,Tony Ma,Amanjot Sigh Baryah,Chujun Zhang,Ka Ming Hui KINFORMS 2016 Management Review Vol.11 No.2

As Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an enabler that can improve productivity of a construction project by facilitating collaboration among stakeholders, there has been an effort to promote BIM adoption in Australia, and yet the Australian construction industry is remained behind in adopting the BIM capabilities related to time (4D BIM) and cost management (5D BIM). In order to identify current barriers and potential recommendations for promoting BIM uptake, this research conducted a questionnaire survey and interviews focusing on 4D and 5D BIM adoption in the Australian construction industry. Consequently, it is identified that the Australian construction industry is not fully ready to embrace 4D and 5D BIM capabilities since basic 3D BIM capability related to 3D visualization is the main usage of BIM for construction projects. As major barriers, a lack of demand from clients for BIM use and high initial costs for BIM system setup are identified. More importantly, a lack of guidance to construct an information-enriched BIM model is recognized to move forward to the next level of BIM utilization such as 4D and 5D BIM capabilities. This research serves as a stepping-stone to study further to promoting BIM uptake in the Australian construction industry.

Physiological Consequences of Programmed Necrosis, an Alternative form of Cell Demise

Cho, Young-Sik,Park, Seung-Yeon,Shin, Hee-Suk,Chan, Francis Ka-Ming Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.29 No.4

Cell death occurs spontaneously or in response to external stimuli, and can be largely subdivided into apoptosis and necrosis by the distinct morphological and biochemical features. Unlike apoptosis, necrosis was recognized as the passive and unwanted cell demise committed in a nonregulated and disorganized manner. However, under specific conditions such as caspase intervention, necrosis has been proposed to be regulated in a well-orchestrated way as a backup mechanism of apoptosis. The term programmed necrosis has been coined to describe such an alternative cell death. Recently, at least some regulators governing programmed necrosis have been identified and demonstrated to be interconnected via a wide network of signal pathways by further extensive studies. There is growing evidence that programmed necrosis is not only associated with pathophysiological diseases, but also provides innate immune response to viral infection. Here, we will introduce recent updates on the molecular mechanism and physiological significance of programmed necrosis.