The Kwangju People’s Uprising

Choi Jungwoon The Academy of Korean Studies 1999 Korea Journal Vol.39 No.2

Design Considerations on the Standby Cooling System for the integrity of the CNS-IPA

Jungwoon Choi,Young-ki Kim 한국진공학회 2015 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2015 No.8

푸코의 눈 : 현상학 비판과 고고학의 출발

최정운(Choi Jungwoon) 한국정치학회 1996 한국정치학회보 Vol.29 No.4

미셸 푸코는 1960년대 초부터 1970년대 중반까지 시선에 대한 연구를 진행시켜 왔다. 이는 한편으로 푸코의 현상학에 대한 비판이었으며 다른 한편으로는 본인의 근대 과학지식에 대한 비판적인 이론을 정립하는 과정이었다. 우선 푸코는 서구근대를 통하여 관찰하는 과학의 눈은 르네쌍스, 고전시대, 근대를 통하여 다른 원리에 따라 작동하고 있었다는 것을 보여준다. 나아가서 푸코는 근대의학의 시선의 등장을 분석함으로써 시선의 역사적 발달은 관찰의 기법이 발달했다거나 시선 자체가 정교화되어 이루어진 것이 아니며 정치 사회적 및 문화적 조건들의 변화 속에서 이루어진 것이었다고 주장한다. 근대의 눈 특히 인간의 신체를 바라보는 의학의 시선은 죽음을 통하여 생명과 병을 바라보고 이를 통하여 우리의 삶 속에 죽음의 그림자를 드리운다는 것이다. 후기에 이르러 푸코는 근대의 감옥에서 등장한 정교한 관찰하는 시선은 권력에 의하여 이루어져 왔음을 보여줌으로써 시선의 변화의 외적인 원인을 제시함으로써 현상학이 제시하는 시선의 원초성을 정면으로 부정하였다. 나아가서 푸코가 초기에 제시한 자신의 학문 방법론으로서의 고고학은 듣고 전해주는 역사에서 눈으로 역사의 현장의 여러 요소들의 움직임을 보듯이 재구성하는 역사 서술 방법을 말하는 것이다. 푸코의 눈의 분석은 관찰하는 시선의 철학적 원초성을 부정하고, 근대의 전문화된 특수한 과학적 시선을 비판함으로써 궁극적으로는 우리의 보는 눈을 회복하기 위한 것이다.

미국법의 전문화 : 1870-1920년대 미국의 자본주의와 민주주의 Capitalism and Democracy in the United States, 1870s-1920s

최정운 서울대학교 국제지역원 1992 국제지역연구 Vol.1 No.2

미국의 법 전문직은 다른 나라와는 다른 독특한 기능과 구조와 의미를 갖고 있으며, 전문화의 역사적인 문제 또한 그들 스스로 말하듯이 개인의 직업 차원에서 이해되어서는 안된다. 역사적 형성과정을 살펴보면 미국의 법전문직은 국가 권력 구조의 개편 문제와 연관된 것이며 일반이론적인 시각에서 보면 민주주의적 정치권력이 자본주의 사회와 적응하는 미국 특유의 방법이었다. 첫째로 그들은 사회적 위기 상황에서 '공적 리더쉽'을 주장하며 기존의 정치권력에 도전하였고, 둘째로 미국법 특유의 '과학적 법학'의 방법론으로 정치권력과는 다른 법 고유의 영역을 확보하여 비정치적 국가권력의 일부로 등장하였고, 마지막으로 전문 교육의 개편을 통하여 모든 국가 권력 기관으로 진출하는 사람들의 길목에 전문교육이라는 장애물을 설치하여 정치가들의 이념과 언어를 규율하게 되었다. Professionalization of American lawyers from the 1870s to the 1920s has been viewed from two perspectives. The one is called "Tory history" which has plainly said that the professional reforms were made as American law and the competence of lawyers has gradually made progress. The other is called "Whig history" which has argued that the reforms constructed a monopoly market of legal service, motivated by economic interests of some groups of lawyers. Against these traditional theories, I argue that the professionalization of law in that period should be understood as a crucial part of the construction of 'a capitalist state' in the United States. With its professionalism, American elite groups succeeded in making political democracy compatible with capitalist economy, both with their inherent instabilities. The process of professionalization took three stages and themes in turn. At first, from the 1870s, the elite lawyers claimed their 'public leadership' defining social and political conditions as a crisis. Second, they adopted 'scientific jurisprudence'. Finally, in the twentieth century, they were engaged in profession constituted, first as a counter-state. next as a non- political, legal state power, and finally as a pool containing the entire American democracy and state power. In the United States, law has been much more than a profession in its conventional sense ever since its Independence. However, from the late nineteenth century, the profession was institutionalized with a conscious commitment to stabilize political democracy and political capitalism.

Direct Observation of Interfacial Morphology in Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Transistors: Relationship between Grain Boundary and Field-Effect Mobility

Choi, Danbi,Jin, Sangwoo,Lee, Youngmin,Kim, Se Hyun,Chung, Dae Sung,Hong, Kipyo,Yang, Chanwoo,Jung, Jungwoon,Kim, Jin Kon,Ree, Moonhor,Park, Chan Eon American Chemical Society 2010 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.2 No.1

<P>We investigated the effects of microstructural (crystallization and molecular orientation) and morphological alternation (grain boundary) of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films on the field-effect mobility (μ) before (as-spun P3HT) and after (melt-crystallized P3HT) melting of P3HT films. Although grazing incidence X-ray scattering shows that melt-crystallized P3HT has a more highly ordered edge-on structure than as-spun P3HT, the melt-crystallized P3HT reveals μ = 0.003 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>; this is an order of magnitude lower than that of as-spun P3HT (μ = 0.01 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>). In addition, the interfacial morphologies of the bottom surfaces of P3HT films, which are attached to the gate dielectric, were investigated using a film transfer technique. The melt-crystallized P3HT at this interface consists of well-developed nanowire crystallites with well-defined grain boundaries that act as trap states, as verified by analysis of the temperature-dependence of μ. The remarkable reduction of μ in low-molecular-weight P3HT film (8 kg/mol) that results from melt-crystallization is due to the increased number of well-defined grain boundaries.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2010/aamick.2010.2.issue-1/am9005385/production/images/medium/am-2009-005385_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am9005385'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

국제정치에 있어서 文化의 의미

최정운 서울大學校 國際問題硏究所 1998 세계정치 Vol.- No.22

The concept of culture is not to be delimited by a category of specific objects, referred to by the term. Culture consists in a discourse that can only be understood fully by a genealogy of the origins of the term. The term, culture began to be used mainly from the late sixteenth century in Western Europe, and it was during the last decades of the eighteenth century that its contemporary meaning took its shape. At the time the concept of culture was suggested by Germans as a conflicting concept with the concept of civilization that had been used by French just prior to the former, but from an objective viewpoint we can understand that the two apparently conflicting concepts consisted of a pair of terms making a discursive unit. The discourse of culture when it was used for an individual referring to his level of education and taste, was to appreciate his vertical coordiante in terms of social class status. However, when it was used to depict a society or a nation, the discourse was meant to situate it which part of the horizontal scale of the world, while the discourse of civilization was to situate them which part of the vertical scale of the world. But from the nineteenth century on in most cases the discourse of culture has been used so as to situate a nation which part of the vertical and horizontal coordinate of the world of nations. In conclusion the discourse of culture has been constituting an area and a weapon for nations waging peaceful conflicts without using physical violence.

한국 외교에 있어서의 전통, 근대성 그리고 탈근대성

최정운 서울대학교 한국정치연구소 2003 韓國 政治 硏究 Vol.12 No.1

한국 외교는 지난 100여년간 급격한 변화를 겪었다. 조선말의 전통적 외교로부터 대한민국 건국 이후의 근대적 외교 그리고 최근에 부상되어 온 탈근대적 외교를 차례로 겪어왔다. 전통적 외교란 일반적으로 중국을 중심으로 한 천하질서 내에서의 외교행위를 말하며, 근대적 외교란 근대 서구의 근대국가체제 내에서의 외교행위를 말하며 탈근대적 외교란 최근 지구화가 진전되며 서구의 근대국가체제가 분해되는 과정에서의 외교행위를 말한다. 이러한 상이한 유형의 외교 행위는 특정 시대에 국제체제에 의해서 부과된 외교 행위이지만 현재의 시점에서 보면 반드시 어떤 특정한 유형의 외교가 배타적으로 이루어지는 것은 아니다. 아직도 전통적 외교가 여전히 중요한 부분이 있고 근대적 외교는 우리의 경우에는 충분히 이루어지지 못했고 나아가서 탈근대적 외교는 이미 현실의 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있다. 현재 우리 외교의 문제는 외교에 대한 근대적 이념에 치중함으로써 해결되는 것이 아니라 우리가 외교에 대해 연구하고 사유하는 지적 능력의 확장을 통해서만 본질적인 해결이 가능할 것이다. During the last 100 years Korean diplomacy has undergone radical changes. We have experienced the traditional diplomacy in the last years of the Chosun Dynasty, the modern diplomacy form the foundation of the Republic of Korean, and the postmodern diplomacy for the last few decades. The traditional diplomacy is meant by the diplomacy within the traditional Chinese world system, and the modern diplomacy is meant by the diplomacy practiced within the western modern state system, and the postmodern diplomacy is meant by the diplomacy within the world of golbalization and the erosion of classical modern state system. These different forms of diplomacy has been imposed by the world system in different historical periods, but if we see the present situation, we cannot say that a specific form of diplomacy is exclusively practiced. In Korean diplomacy, traditional diplomacy remains still an important part, and modern diplomacy is not yet fulfilled, and postmodern diplomacy already occupied a significant part of it. The problems in Korean diplomacy cannot be resolved by exclusively fulfilling the ideology of modern diplomacy, but can only be resolved by enlarging our general intellectual faculty for thinking deeply out the world and ourselves.

Causes and Mechanisms of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging

Lee, Jungwoon,Yoon, Suk Ran,Choi, Inpyo,Jung, Haiyoung MDPI 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.6

<P>Many elderly people suffer from hematological diseases known to be highly age-dependent. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain the immune system by producing all blood cells throughout the lifetime of an organism. Recent reports have suggested that HSCs are susceptible to age-related stress and gradually lose their self-renewal and regeneration capacity with aging. HSC aging is driven by cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors that result in the disruption of the immune system. Thus, the study of HSC aging is important to our understanding of age-related immune diseases and can also provide potential strategies to improve quality of life in the elderly. In this review, we delineate our understanding of the phenotypes, causes, and molecular mechanisms involved in HSC aging.</P>

실증도시의 국제표준기반 데이터 허브 성공적 적용을 위한 시험검증 방안 연구

이정운(Jungwoon Lee),전숙현(Sookhyun Jeon),김재은(Jaeeun Kim),최태영(Taeyoung Choi),신현엽(Hyeonyeop Shin) 한국통신학회 2020 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.45 No.12

Pharmacological Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Stem Cells

Lee, Jungwoon,Cho, Yee Sook,Jung, Haiyoung,Choi, Inpyo Hindawi 2018 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2018 No.-

<P>Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense mechanisms. The regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation is crucial for early development and tissue homeostasis. Recent reports have suggested that the balance between self-renewal and differentiation is regulated by the cellular oxidation-reduction (redox) state; therefore, the study of ROS regulation in regenerative medicine has emerged to develop protocols for regulating appropriate stem cell differentiation and maintenance for clinical applications. In this review, we introduce the defined roles of oxidative stress in pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and discuss the potential applications of pharmacological approaches for regulating oxidative stress in regenerative medicine.</P>