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Cluster의 Filler역할을 고려한 스타이렌 아이오노머의 이온 모듈러스의 계산
송주명,김준섭 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2007 生産技術硏究 Vol.29 No.2
In the present work, we attempted to vehfy an entity, which acts as filler in poly(styrene-co-sodium methacrylate) ionomer system; either multiplets or clusters. To do so, we used the approach suggested by Huber and Vilgis (Macromolecules 2002, 35, 9204) to interpret the ionic modulus values, observed in styrene-based ionomer systems. The very preliminary results showed that the expehmental ionic modulus values are very close to the predicted values assuming the clusters as filler. This implies that,as suggested before by one of the author, in this ionomer system, the filler particles are clusters, which, thus, govern the mechanical properties of the whole polymer sample.
이온 농도와 중화 정도에 따른 폴리(에틸 아크릴레이트-co-아크릴레이트) 아이오노머의 기계적 성질
송주명,김준섭 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2007 生産技術硏究 Vol.29 No.2
However, the cluster Tg increased with increasing degree of neutralization up to 30%, followed by no significant change up to 70%, while on further increasing the degree of neutralization, again the cluster Tg increased considerably. Thus, it was suggested that some of the non- neutralized acrylic acid acted as plasticizer leading to no significant change between 30 to 70% of the degree of neutralization.
남일송,윤여일,김선규,김용현,이주영,목지오,윤석기,김철희,김영선,변동원,서교일,유명희 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2
Background: Most cases of Graves' disease have been treated by antithyroid drugs in Korea. The major drawbacks of antithyroid drugs are the relative high rate of relapse and the inconvinience of long term therapy. Measurement of TBII and TRH stimulation test have been considered as the most reliable tests predicting relapse, but the predictive power is not high enough to use in clinical situation. This study was performed to find good prognostic indicators in Graves' disease patients after the discontinuation of antithyroid drug therapy. Subjects and methods : We restrospectively evaluated 96 patients with Graves' disease who showed normal TRH test at the end of antithyroid drug therapy and were followed for more than one year. Serum T3, T4, T3/T4 ratio, TBII, Anti-TPO Ab and TGAb levels were measured at the time of diagnosis and at the end of therapy. Two to three months after withdrawal of antithyroid medication, serum TSH and free T3 responses to TRH were examined. These parameters were compared between the relapse group and the remission group. Results : Among the 96 patients, 22 patients(22.9%) relapsed(Group Ⅱ) and 74 patients(77.1%) remained in remmision(Group Ⅰ). No significant difference was observed between the relapse and the remission group in clinical parameters, serum T3, T4, TSH, T3/T4 ratio, TBⅡ and Anti-TPO Ab determined before and after treatment. Serum TSH and free T3 levels measured after TRH stimulation were also similar in both groups. Serum TGAb levels determined at the end of treatment were significantly higher in the remission group(p<0.05). Relapse following the discontinuation of therapy occured within 24 months in 72.7% of the relapsed cases. After 24 months, relapse rate was reduced significantly. Conclusion : These results suggest that high serum TGAb levels could be a favorable prognostic indicator for the long term remission of Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drugs, and may suggest that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is combined with Graves' disease in those patients.
조수헌,하미나,한상환,주영수,성주헌,강종원,윤덕로,송동빈,이명학,김선태 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.2
To determine the recovery time from noise-induced temporary threshold shift(TTS), a prospective field study was conducted at three worksites where workers are known to be exposed high level of noise. Subjects were selected according to answers on a questionnaire which inquired about otological history and previous noise exposure, including avocational, military and occupational exposures. After excluding employee with past otologic problems, recent exposure to high level noise, and under medications, total 92 employees participated in the study. Among 92 participants, complete consecutive audiometric examinations were carried out at 0∼2 hours, 5∼7 hours, 14∼16 hours after worktime noise exposure on 26 participants wearing hearing protectors and 22 participants wearing no protective devices. The difference between the hearing level 0∼2 hours after noise exposure and 5∼7 hours is statistically significant by paired t-test(p<0.01). The median recovery times calculated from the data of 22 participants wearing no protective hearing devices are 15.6 hours at 4000Hz, and 7.7 hours, 10.3 hours, 8.4 hours at 1000Hz, 2000Hz and 8000Hz respectively. These data suggest that when measuring the pure tone audiometry for noise exposed workers, at least 16 hours noise-free interval is required.
Ju Myung Song,Ji Hoon Kim,Yoon Suk Lee,Ho Young Kim,In Kyu Lee,Seung Teak Oh,Jun Gi Kim 대한외과학회 2016 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.91 No.4
Purpose: Laparoscopic surgery was previously accepted as an alternative surgical option in treatment for colorectal cancer. Nowadays, single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) is introduced as a method to maximize advantages of minimally invasive surgery. However, SPLS has several limitations compared to conventional multiport laparoscopic surgery (CMLS). To overcome those limitations of SPLS, reduced port laparoscopic surgery (RPLS) was introduced. This study aimed at evaluating the short-term outcomes of RPLS. Methods: Patients who underwent CMLS and RPLS of colon cancer between August 2011 and December 2013 were included in this study. Short-term clinical and pathological outcome were compared between the 2 groups. Results: Thirty-two patients underwent RPLS and 217 patients underwent CMLS. Shorter operation time, less blood loss, and faster bowel movement were shown in RPLS group in this study. In terms of postoperative pain, numeric rating scale (NRS) of RPLS was lower than that of CMLS. Significant differences were shown in terms of tumor size, harvested lymph node, perineural invasion, and pathological stage. No significant differences were confirmed in terms of other surgical outcomes. Conclusion: In this study, RPLS was technically feasible and safe. Especially in terms of postoperative pain, RPLS was comparable to CMLS. RPLS may be a feasible alternative option in selected patients with colon cancer.
Song, Ju-Myung,Luqman, Mohammad,Kim, Joon-Seop,Shin, Kwanwoo Interscience 2007 Journal of polymer science. Part B, Polymer physic Vol.45 No.9
<P>The mechanical properties and morphology of homoblends of poly(ethyl acrylate-co-acrylate) (PEAA) having one ion pair per ionic monomer repeat unit and poly(ethyl acrylate-co-itaconate) (PEAITA) having two ion pairs were investigated. It was found that the compositional variation in the ionomer homoblends did not affect the matrix or cluster glass transition temperatures of the two ionomers of the homoblends. It was also observed that the ionomer homoblends showed two ionic plateaus and that the changes in the two ionic moduli were directly related to the relative amounts of the two ionomers. The ionic moduli calculated with the model for filler-dispersed materials were found to fit the experimental data to a great extent. Therefore, it was suggested that the PEAITA/PEAA ionomer homoblends were filler-containing composite materials rather than miscible blends. In the X-ray scattering study, it was observed that the morphology of the ionomer homoblends was not affected by mixing. The results obtained in this work might be useful for the modification of the storage moduli of copolymers in a certain temperature range without the alteration of their processing temperatures. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1045–1052, 2007.</P>
기계환기폐렴의 원인균 진단에서 인공기도 흡인액을 이용한 Multiplex PCR과 세균배양 결과의 비교
송주한 ( Ju Han Song ),명순철 ( Soon Chul Myung ),최송호 ( Song Ho Choi ),전은주 ( Eun Ju Jeon ),강형구 ( Hyung Gu Kang ),이혜민 ( Hye Min Lee ),조성근 ( Sung Keun Cho ),최재철 ( Jae Chol Choi ),신종욱 ( Jong Wook Shin ),박인원 ( 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2008 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.64 No.3
연구배경: 기계환기폐렴의 원인균을 조기에 진단하면 이 질환의 예후를 개선할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기관내튜브 흡인액을 이용하여 기계환기폐렴의 주된 원인균인 녹농균, 폐렴막대균 그리고 메치실린내성 포도알균에 대한 multiplex PCR법을 시행하여 기계환기폐렴의 원인균을 조기에 진단할 수 있는지 살펴보았다. 방법: 기계환기폐렴으로 진단된 환자에서 24시간 이내에 기관내튜브 흡인액을 채취하여 -20°C 냉동실에 보관하였고, 추후에 multiplex PCR을 시행하였다. Forward & reverse primer는 각각의 원인균에 특이한 부위에 맞춰서 제작하였다(녹농균의 oprL gene, 폐렴막대균의 16S rRNA, 메치실린내성 포도알균의 mec gene). 기관내튜브흡인액의 배양검사를 포함한 기계환기폐렴 환자의 임상적 및 검사실 소견을 함께 분석하였다. 결과: 총 24명(남자 18명, 여자 6명)의 기계환기폐렴 환자가 연구에 포함되었다. 나이(평균±표준편차)는 70±11세였다. 모든 환자는 기저질환을 가지고 있었다. 기관내튜브 흡인액의 배양에서 11명에서 원인균이 검출되었다(녹농균 2예, 폐렴막대균 1예, 메치실린내성 포도알 균 2예, 기타 그람음성간균 3예, 폐렴알균 2예, 복합감염 1예). 녹농균에 대한 multiplex PCR은 3예에서 양성이 나왔으며, 2예가 배양결과와 일치하였다. 폐렴막대균에 대해서는 4예에서 양성이었으며, 1예가 배양결과와 일치하였다. 메치실린내성 포도알균은 2예에서 양성이었으나, 모두 배양결과와 일치하지 않았다. 기계환기폐렴의 예후는 적절한 항생제의 사용 여부와 폐렴 발생 당시의 APACHE III score에 영향을 받았다. 결론: 기관내튜브 흡인액을 이용한 multiplex PCR법은 기계환기폐렴에서 그람음성균의 진단에는 가능성을 보였으나, 향후 실제 유용성에 대해서는 추가 연구가 필요 할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Early identification of pathogens can improve the prognosis of patients with ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). In the present study, we evaluated the feasibility of performing multiplex PCR for endotracheal aspirates to detect three important pathogens (P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae and MRSA) in patients with VAP. Methods: The endotracheal aspirates of 24 patients were collected within 24 hours of the diagnosis of VAP for performing multiplex PCR. Forward and reverse primers were designed to target the specific site of each pathogen (the oprL gene for P. aeruginosa, 16S rRNA for K. pneumoniae and the mec gene for MRSA). We analyzed the clinical data of the VAP patients, including the culture reports for the endotracheal aspirates. Results: Twenty-four patients (M:F=18:6, mean age=70±11) with VAP were enrolled. Pathogens were isolated from 11 patients (P. aeruginosa in 2, K. pneumoniae in 1, MRSA in 2, other enteric Gram negative bacilli in 3, S. pneumoniae in 2 and mixed infection in 1). Multiplex PCR detected three cases of P.aeruginosa (2 cases coincided with the culture reports) and four cases of K. pneumoniae (1 matched with the culture report). PCR detected two MRSA cases, which did not coincide with the culture reports. Conclusion: Multiplex PCR of the endotracheal aspirate showed some ability to detect Gram negative bacilli, although caution is required when interpreting the results. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2008;64:194-199)