Development of a Non-contact Input System Based on User's Gaze-Tracking and Analysis of Input Factors

Jiyoung LIM,Seonjae LEE,Junbeom KIM,Yunseo KIM,Hae-Duck Joshua JEONG 한국인공지능학회 2023 인공지능연구 (KJAI) Vol.11 No.1

As mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets, and kiosks become increasingly prevalent, there is growing interest in developing alternative input systems in addition to traditional tools such as keyboards and mouses. Many people use their own bodies as a pointer to enter simple information on a mobile device. However, methods using the body have limitations due to psychological factors that make the contact method unstable, especially during a pandemic, and the risk of shoulder surfing attacks. To overcome these limitations, we propose a simple information input system that utilizes gaze-tracking technology to input passwords and control web surfing using only non-contact gaze. Our proposed system is designed to recognize information input when the user stares at a specific location on the screen in real-time, using intelligent gaze-tracking technology. We present an analysis of the relationship between the gaze input box, gaze time, and average input time, and report experimental results on the effects of varying the size of the gaze input box and gaze time required to achieve 100% accuracy in inputting information. Through this paper, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our system in mitigating the challenges of contact-based input methods, and providing a non-contact alternative that is both secure and convenient.

Inequalities in External-Cause Mortality in 2018 across Industries in Republic of Korea

Lim, Jiyoung,Ko, Kwon,Lee, Kyung Eun,Park, Jae Bum,Lee, Seungho,Jeong, Inchul Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2022 Safety and health at work Vol.13 No.1

Background: External-cause mortality is an important public health issue worldwide. Considering its significance to workers' health and inequalities across industries, we aimed to describe the state of external-cause mortality and investigate its difference by industry in Republic of Korea based on data for 2018. Methods: Data obtained from the Statistics Korea and Korean Employment Information System were used. External causes of death were divided into three categories (suicide, transport accident, and others), and death occurred during employment period or within 90 days after unemployment was regarded as workers' death. We calculated age- and sex-standardized mortalities per 100,000, standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) compared to the general population and total workers, and mortality rate ratios (RRs) across industries using information and communication as a reference. Correlation analyses between income, education, and mortality were conducted. Results: Age- and sex-standardized external-cause mortality per 100,000 in all workers was 29.4 (suicide: 16.2, transport accident: 6.6, others: 6.6). Compared to the general population, all external-cause and suicide SMRs were significantly lower; however, there was no significant difference in transport accidents. When compared to total workers, wholesale, transportation, and business facilities management showed higher SMR for suicide, and agriculture, forestry, and fishing, mining and quarrying, construction, transportation and storage, and public administration and defense showed higher SMR for transport accidents. A moderate to strong negative correlation was observed between education level and mortality (both age- and sex-standardized mortality rates and SMR compared to the general population). Conclusion: Inequalities in external-cause mortalities from suicide, transport accidents, and other causes were found. For reducing the differences, improved policies are needed for industries with higher mortalities.

Combined effect of work from home and work during nonwork time on sleep disturbance

Lim Jiyoung,Lee Hyundong,박재범,이경종,정인철,Jung Jaehyuk 대한직업환경의학회 2023 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Background: Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, being exposed to work from home and work during nonwork time simultaneously can lead to sleep disturbance; however, their combined effect is unclear. We aimed to investigate the combined effect of work from home and work during nonwork time on sleep disturbance. Methods: This study used data from the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey and included 27,473 paid workers. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between work from home, work during nonwork time, and sleep disturbance according to sex. We re-classified participants into 4 groups based on their working from home (No/Yes) and working during nonwork time (No/Yes). The relative excess risk due to interaction was calculated to examine the effect of exposure to both telecommuting and nonregular work hours on sleep disturbance. Results: Workers exposed to work from home and work during nonwork time had significantly higher risks of sleep disturbance for all, men, and women workers (OR [95% CI]: 1.71 [1.46–2.02], 1.79 [1.43–2.23], and 1.64 [1.29–2.08] for work from home and 3.04 [2.70– 3.42], 3.61 [3.09–4.22], and 2.41 [2.01–2.90] for work during nonwork time, respectively). Compared to those who were not exposed to both factors, when workers had both job factors, the ORs (95% CI) of sleep disturbance for all, men, and women were 3.93 (2.80–5.53), 5.08 (3.21–8.03), and 2.91 (1.74–4.87), respectively. The relative excess risk due to interaction of work from home and work during nonwork time was not significant for sleep disturbance. Conclusions: Work from home and work during nonwork time were each associated with sleep disturbance, but the interaction between the two factors on sleep disturbance was not observed in both men and women.

Validity Verification of Team-Based Learning Model in Nursing History Education

JiYoung Lim,Wonjung Noh 한국간호과학회 2015 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Secure and structured IoT smart grid system management

Lim, Jiyoung,Doh, Inshil,Chae, Kijoon Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. 2017 International journal of web and grid services Vol.13 No.2

<P>The Internet of Things (IoT) has been developing rapidly and inspiring numerous applications that can improve daily life. Among these, smart grid systems are expected to efficiently distribute energy and help address the energy shortage problem. However, grid data and information from heterogeneous embedded devices may result in security and communication problems in an IoT environment. Even in the situation where low-level information causes interoperability problems, the devices should be able to communicate with each other in a safe and efficient manner without a server or human intervention. In this paper, we propose a security-based context-aware smart grid system using an energy usage data aggregation and context awareness. Our proposal allows for intelligent decision-making and provides efficient smart grid system management based on machine knowledge. Using our proposed method, a smart grid system can provide robust and secure services, which can defend the system against various outside attacks.</P>

The Effects of Video Distraction by Cellular Phone During Intravenous Injection in Preschoolers

Jiyoung Sohn,Youngmee Ahn,Hwasoon Kim,Jiyoung Lim 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

Comparative study of the linkage disequilibrium of an ENCODE region, chromosome 7p15, in Korean, Japanese, and Han Chinese samples

Lim, Jiyoung,Kim, Young Joo,Yoon, Yongsook,Kim, Soon Ok,Kang, HyoJin,Park, Jungsun,Han, A. Reum,Han, Bokghee,Oh, Burmseok,Kimm, Kyuchan,Yoon, Bangwon,Song, Kyuyoung Elsevier 2006 Genomics Vol.87 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The extent and pattern of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the human genome provide important information for disease gene mapping. Previous studies have shown that LDs vary depending on chromosomal regions and populations. As the Asian samples of the International HapMap Project consisted of Japanese and Chinese populations, it was of interest whether we could use the HapMap data as a reference to carry out association studies of common complex diseases in a closely related population, such as Koreans. We have compared the LD and recombination patterns defined by single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ENCODE region ENm010, chromosome 7p15.2, in Korean, Japanese, and Chinese samples and further tested the robustness of tagSNPs among the Asian samples. We genotyped 792 SNPs in 500 kb (chromosome 7: 26699793–27199792, NCBI build 34) from 90 unrelated Koreans by fluorescence polarization detection and compared the data with Asian data from the HapMap project. Despite some differences in the position of high LD region boundaries, the overall patterns of LD were remarkably similar across the three samples, reflecting strong genetic affinities among them. Furthermore, the haplotype tag SNP transferability across the three samples was greater than 90%. Our results support the initial suggestion that the populations genotyped in the HapMap project might serve as reference populations for the selection of tagSNPs in association studies [The International HapMap Consortium, The International HapMap Project, Nature 426 (2003) 789–796. <ce:cross-ref refid='bib1'>[1]</ce:cross-ref>].</P>

패션 매거진 콘텐츠 스마트폰 어플리케이션 사용성 평가 연구 : 만족도 측정을 위한 사용성, 유용성, 감성 요소를 중심으로

임지영(Lim Jiyoung) 한국HCI학회 2011 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1

아이폰의 등장으로 모바일 혁명이라고 할수 있는 스마트폰과 테블렛 PC 까지 끊임없이 미디어 환경과 산업 패러다임이 변화하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 급변하는 디지털 컨텐츠 환경 속에서 미디어 환경 변화의 트랜드를 리드하는데 가장 신속하다고 할 수 있는 패션잡지의 모바일 어플리케이션에 대해 연구해보고자 한다. 우선 2010 년 애플 앱스토어에 출시된 국내 패션 매거진 어플리케이션 6 개를 추출하여 기사 이용 방식, 이용료, 멀티미디어 요소를 비교 분석하였다. 패션 매거진 어플리케이션은 보그, 얼루어. W. 지큐, 맥심, 마리끌레르이며, 컨텐츠 가공 양식에 따라 잡지 컨텐츠를 그대로 보여주는 스마트폰 어플리케이션의 폰트, 메뉴, 레이아웃과 네비게이션, 콘텐츠 카테고리의 모바일 콘텐츠 가이드라인을 바탕으로 공통점과 차이점을 비교하였다. 이후 기존 출시된 대부분의 매거진 어플리케이션들의 사용자들의 감성적 만족도를 분석하면서 이용측면에 있어 사용자간의 상호 작용성이 떨어진다는 점, 콘텐츠의 기능적인 면에서 재미 요소의 한계점, 콘텐츠 사용면에서의 UI 한계점을 발견하였다. 이에 타겟이 한정되고 비쥬얼 중심의 패션 뷰티 라이프 컨텐츠를 모바일에서 효과적으로 보여주고 컨텐츠 특성에 기반하여 사용자의 감성도 만족도와 컨텐츠의 간결성을 인터페이스에 반영할 수 있는 효과적 방법을 모색하여 향후 매거진 어플리케이션 개발의 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. The existing media company makes every effort due to the development of the media convergence and device in order to change the traditional paper magazine image. The fashion magazine industry undergoes this change and the active strategy is made for the change of digital contents and the new business, it makes every effort. Thus, by analyzing the interface of the Smart phone application of domestic and foreign fashion magazine which inquire into the changing mobile environment and recently come out and presenting a limit this research presents the direction in the Smart phone application development and mobile contents development in the future and puts an object. First, 6 fashion magazine applications released at domestic and foreign app store were extracted and the engineer method of utilization, charge for using, and multimedia element were compared and were analyzed. The fashion magazine was the license magazine the inclusion GQ, ALLURE, Singles, W, MAXIM, and MARIE CLAIRE. A common-point and difference of applications were based on the layout, navigation, and contents category. Most of them have the limit of the fun element and UI limit at the contents usage aspects. Thus, the magazine contents which a target was limited and visual aspects is important must be shown effectively in a mobile device and it was based on interface structure development for improvement of emotional satisfaction.

한국판 Rothbart 영아기 기질 척도(Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised)의 타당화

임지영 ( Jiyoung Lim ),배윤진 ( Yun-jin Bae ) 대한가정학회 2021 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.59 No.2

This study presents the psychometric properties of the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R), including internal consistency, content validity, and construct validity. The IBQ-R is a caregiver (parent) reporting instrument designed to assess temperament in infants (aged 3-12 months). Two groups of participants were included. The first group comprised 92 infants and the second 83 infants, giving a total of 175 infants (M=8.3 months, 80 boys and 95 girls). Their caregivers completed IBQ-R. The IBQ-R subscales demonstrated adequate internal consistency. Also, confirmatory factor analyses of the IBQ-R scale found that three broad dimensions: surgency, negative affectivity, and orientation/regulation. This study confirmed that the IBQ-R is a reliable and valid temperament instrument that can be recommended for evaluating temperament in infants.

TCP/IP 소켓을 이용한 LAN 에뮬레이션 프로토콜의 시뮬레이션

임지영(Jiyoung Lim),이숙영(Sookyoung Lee),홍성원(Sungwon Hong),채기준(Kijoon Chae),이미정(Meejeong Lee),김협종(Hyupjong Kim) 한국정보과학회 1997 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.3 No.3

오늘날 대부분의 응용 소프트웨어들은 Ethernet이나 Token Ring같은 기존의 LAN을 통하여 통신하고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 차세대 통신망의 핵심기술인 ATM의 성공적인 조기 기용 및 활용을 위해서는 새로운 멀티미디어 응용 소프트웨어뿐만 아니라 기존의 방대한 LAN 응용 소프트웨어들을 ATM망에서 효율적으로 서비스할 수 있어야 한다. 이러한 필요성에 의해 ATM Forum에서는 ATM 망에서의 LE (LAN 에뮬레이션) 서비스를 제안하고 있다. LE 서비스는 기존의 LAN으로부터 전송하부구조인 ATM 망을 숨기고 연결 지향적인 ATM 망에서 LAN의 비연결형 서비스를 지원함으로써 기존의 LAN과 ATM 망을 상호 연동하고 LAN 트래픽들이 ATM 망을 통하여 투명하게 통신할 수 있도록 한다. LE 서비스는 국외 몇 회사에 의하여 이미 제품화되었으나 국내에서는 구현이 아직 진행 중에 있다. 국내 구현이 지연된 요인 중 대표적인 것은 아직 ATM 망 환경이 조성된 곳이 드물다는데 있다. 이 에 본 논문에서는 ATM 망이 형성되지 않은 환경 하에서 TCP/IP에서 제공하는 소켓을 이용하여 LAN 에뮬레이션 프로토콜을 시뮬레이트함으로써 ATM 망이 조성되는 대로 조속히 이를 변환, 구현할 수 있는 기반을 마련하고자 한다. 본 논문에서 시뮬레이트한 LAN 에뮬레이션은 하나의 에뮬레이트된 LAN (ELAN)을 바탕으로 하나의 IE 서비스와 둘 이상의 LEC들로 구성된다. LE 서비스는 다시 LECS (LE 구성 서버), LES (LE 서버) 그리고 BUS (Broadcast and Unknown 서버)로 구성되며 이 각각의 엔티티들은 Ethernet으로 연결된 워크스테이션 상에 구현, 설치된다. 각 워크스테이션의 LEC들은 세 개의 서버들과 연결을 설정하여 서비스를 제공함으로써 LAN 응용 소프트웨어들에게 LAN 에뮬레이션 서비스를 제공한다. Today's infrastructure for data communication is built around 'legacy LANs' such as Ethernet and Token Ring. For ATM to be useful in such an environment, it must be able to cany data from existing networks, along with traffic from new multimedia applications. The capability to transport LAN traffic over an ATM network was identified by the ATM Forum as a key requirement to make full use of ATM. LAN Emulation proposed by ATM Forum is a way to render the ATM switching fabric invisible to legacy LAN and to use ATM's connection-oriented fabric to mimic the connectionless nature of a LAN. So, the LAN Emulation provides seamless interworking between legacy LANs and ATM networks and supports transparent communications between LAN traffic over ATM networks. There are serveral LAN Emulation products introduced by foreign companies already. Domestic product is still under the process of development, though. The reason for this delay is that the testbed ATM networks are still under construction in Korea. This paper presents an simulation of LAN Emulation protocol based on ATM Forum's LAN Emulation Version 1.0 using the socket provided in TCP/IP inEtheruet enviroument. If ATM network is constructed, this will be a foundation providing quick implementation. The implemened LAN Emulation consists of one LE(LAN Emulation) service and several LECs in one emulated LAN. LE service is provided by three servers: LECS(LE Configuration Server), LES(LE Server) and BUS(Broadcast and Unknown Server). Each entity is installed at workstations connected through Ethernet. LECs in each workstation establish connections with three servers and provides LAN applications with LAN Emulation service using services of these servers.