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A partially hydrolyzed whey formula provides adequate nutrition in high-risk infants for allergy
Jiyeon Yang,Song I Yang,Kyunguk Jeong,Kyung Won Kim,Yoon Hee Kim,Taek Ki Min,Bok Yang Pyun,Jeongmin Lee,Ji A Jung,Jeong Hee Kim,Sooyoung Lee 한국영양학회 2022 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.16 No.3
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Hydrolyzed formula is often fed to infants with gastrointestinal or immune issues, such as malabsorption or cows milk allergy, because enzymatic treatment has rendered it more digestible and less allergenic than standard cows milk formula (SF). Partially hydrolyzed formula (PHF) should be considered for those infants who are intolerant to extensively hydrolyzed formula. However, there are concerns about the nutritional insufficiencies of PHF. We aimed to evaluate the effects of PHF on the growth and health indicators in infants who were at high-risk of allergic disease and potential candidates for consuming PHF. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 83 infants aged 0–2 mon with a family history of allergies were assigned to consume either PHF or SF until 24 weeks of age. Anthropometric measures were obtained at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks; blood samples were drawn and evaluated at the end of the study. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in weight, height, and weight-for-height at any time point in each sex between the PHF and SF groups. At 24 weeks of age, the weight-for-age and height-for-age z-scores of the SF group were higher than those of the PHF group, but there was no significant difference in the weight-for-height z-score. There were no significant differences in levels of white blood cells, hemoglobin, ferritin, protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, eosinophil cationic protein, and immunoglobulin E. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, there were no differences in growth and blood panels between the infants consuming PHF or SF. Therefore, infants who are unable to tolerate SF can be fed PHF without nutritional concerns about growth.
양진원(Jinwon Yang), 양지연(Jiyeon Yang), 최강화(Kanghwa Choi) 한국생산관리학회 2023 한국생산관리학회지 Vol.34 No.2
본 연구에서는 국내 23개의 교육출판사를 대상으로 자료포락분석(DEA)를 활용하여 2018년부터 2021년까지의 연도별 효율성을 측정하였다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 출판사 효율성 변동에 영향을 미치는 출판사 운영 변수를 도출하여 이러한 출판사 운영 변수들이 효율성에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는지를 Simar와 Wilson(2000)이 제시한 이단계 부트스트랩 단절회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. DEA 분석 결과에 의하면, 최근 4년간 출판사의 기술 및 순수기술 효율성은 지속적으로 감소하고 있으며, 특히 코로나 19 발생 이후인 2020년 이후에는 평균 효율성이 급격히 감소하였다. 이와 같은 효율성 감소의 주요 원인으로는 규모의 비효율로 인하여 효율성이 감소한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 교육출판사의 효율성에 영향을 미치는 출판사의 전략적 운영변수로 지급수수료, 지급임차료, 운반비 등이 효율성에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 코로나19의 발생 전후 시기에 효율성을 변동에 영향을 미치는 출판사 운영변수들은 서로 다른 패턴을 보이고 있다. 본 연구결과는 최근의 어려운 환경에 놓여있는 출판사들의 효율성 제고 및 지속 가능한 성장을 도모하기 위한 실무적인 시사점을 제공하고 있다. This study used parametric data development analysis (DEA) to estimate the contemporaneous efficiency of 23 educational publishers in Korea from 2018 to 2021. Moreover, we employed a two-stage bootstrapped truncated regression to identify the internal factors affecting the operating efficiencies of educational publishers. According to the DEA results, the technical efficiency (TE) of educational publishers has continued to decline over the past four years, and the average TE has decreased mainly due to scale inefficiency after the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020. In addition, payment fees, rental fees, and transportation costs as strategic operating variables of educational publishers have a statistically significant effect on their efficiency. This study provides practical implications for improving the efficiency and promoting sustainable growth of publishers.
Jiyeon Yang(양지연),Youngook Lim(임영욱),Yoonseok Chang(장윤석),Changsoo Kim(김창수),Dongchun Shin(신동천) 환경독성보건학회 2006 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.21 No.4
이 연구의 목적은 자원회수시설 근로자 및 인근 지역 거주 주민의 혈중 다이옥신류 농도를 평가하고, 혈중 다이옥신류 농도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 평가하는 것이다. 2002~2004년까지 대상 자원회수시설에 3년 이상 근무하 근로자 31명과 시설로부터 300 m 이내 지역에서 3년 이상 거주한 주민 68명을 선정하여 혈액을 채취하였다. 참고 자료로 대상 자원회수시설에 영향을 받지 않는 도시 지역에 거주하는 일반 주민 11명을 함게 평가하였다. 혈액 채취시 개인 특성에 대한 설문조사도 함께 실시하였다. 시설 근로자의 혈중 다이옥신류 농도는 평균 2.09~66.67 pg/g lipid, 인근 거주 주민은 1.00~29.33 pg/g lipid, 일반 도시 주민은 5.29~35.93 pg/g lipid로 측정되었다. 시설 인근 지역 거주 주민 및 일반 도시 주민 중 비흡연자의 인체 부하량은 각각 3.0 ng TEQ/g lipid와 4.5 ng TEQ/g lipid로 평가되었다. 대상군의 특성에 따른 혈중 다이옥신류 농도 차이는 관찰되지 않았으며, 연령과 유의한 양의 상관성이 있었다.
Jiyeon Yang,Shervin Hashemi,Chaelin Lee,Wonseok Han,Yoojin Song,Youngwook Lim 환경독성보건학회 2022 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.37 No.3
Tobacco smoking is associated with a high global mortality rate since it is known to cause cancers and lung and heart diseases. To control and reduce annual mortality attributed to smoking, it is essential to design applicable smoke cessation programs based on realistic tobacco exposure risk assessment. In this regard, understanding the smoking habits of the smoker is crucial. Using self-report smoking habit surveys is a common approach in measuring basic variables of smoking habits. However, smoking topography measurement devices have recently become available for investigating smoking habit variables accurately. In this study, we conducted a self-report survey to investigate a group of Korean smokers’ smoking habit variables such as the number of smoked cigarettes per day, puff counts, and total smoking time. The survey also included items from the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). The results were compared with the corresponding variables from machine-determined data to investigate their correlation and reliability. Results indicate that Korean smokers have a reliable understanding of the average number of cigarettes they smoke daily (ρ = 0.517, Cronbach’s α = 0.754) and the time to first cigarette (TTFC) after waking up (ρ = -0.587, Cronbach’s α = 0.623), as fundamental items of the FTND score. Nevertheless, these smokers significantly under-reported the puff number and total smoking time, which can cause significant underestimation in the tobacco exposure risk assessment. Consequently, we suggest the application of self-report surveys that are based on the amount of daily smoked cigarettes (e.g. FTND) for clinical or risk assessment purposes. Using smoking topography measurement devices is recommended overusing self-report surveys in measuring smoking habit variables such as puff count and smoking time more accurately.
Yang Jiyeon,Kwon Yunhyung,Kim Jaetae,장유진,한지연,김다애,Hye-Ran Jeong,박혜경,Shim Eunhye 질병관리본부 2021 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.12 No.5
Objectives: We investigated the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on tuberculosis (TB) management in the Republic of Korea (ROK).Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study used nationwide ROK TB notification data (98,346 cases) from 2017 to 2020. The median time from the onset of TB symptoms to treatment initiation and the compliance rates with the required timing for notification and individual case investigations were measured and compared across periods and regions affected by the COVID-19 epidemic.Results: TB diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic was delayed. The median time to TB treatment initiation (25 days) in 2020 increased by 3 days compared to that of the previous 3 years (22 days) (p<0.0001). In the outbreak in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi province during August, the time to TB diagnosis was 4 days longer than in the previous 3 years (p=0.0303). In the outbreak in Daegu and Gyeongbuk province from February to March 2020, the compliance rate with the required timing for individual case investigations was 2.2%p points lower than in other areas in 2020 (p=0.0148). For public health centers, the rate was 13%p lower than in other areas (80.3% vs. 93.3%, p=0.0003).Conclusion: TB diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic in the ROK were delayed nationwide, especially for patients notified by public-private mix TB control hospitals. TB individual case investigations were delayed in regional COVID-19 outbreak areas (Daegu and Gyeongbuk province), especially in public health centers. Developing strategies to address this issue will be helpful for sustainable TB management during future outbreaks.