Reverse-phase liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry for the quantification of pseudoephedrine in human plasma and application to a bioequivalence study

Kim, JinKi,Jee, JunPil,Park, JeongSook,Kim, Hyung Tae,Kim, ChongKook Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York 2011 Arzneimittel Forschung Vol.61 No.5

<P>A sensitive and selective reverse-phase liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) method was developed and validated to quantify pseudoephedrine (CAS 90-82-4) in human plasma. Phenacetin was used as the internal standard (I.S.). Sample preparation was performed with a deproteinization step using acetonitrile. Pseudoephedrine and I.S. were successfully separated using gradient elution with 0.5% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in water and 0.5% TFA in methanol at a flow-rate of 0.2 mL/min. Detection was performed on a single quadrupole mass spectrometer by a selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode via electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The ESI source was set at positive ionization mode. The ion signals of m/z 166.3 and 180.2 were measured for the protonated molecular ions of pseudoephedrine and I.S., respectively. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of pseudoephedrine in human plasma was 10 ng/mL and good linearity was observed in the range of concentrations 10–500 ng/mL (R2 = 1). The intra-day accuracy of the drug containing plasma samples was more than 97.60% with a precision of 3.99–11.82%. The inter-day accuracy was 99.36% or more, with a precision of 7.65–18.42%.By using this analytical method, the bioequivalence study of the pseudoephedrine preparation was performed and evaluated by statistical analysis of the log transformed mean ratios of pharmacokinetic parameters. All the results fulfilled the standard criteria of bioequivalence, being within the 80–125% range which is required by the Korea FDA, US FDA, and EMEA to conclude bioequivalence. Consequently, the developed reverse-phase LC-ESI-MS method was successfully applied to bioequivalence studies of pseudoephedrine in healthy male volunteers.</P>

식사 전후의 사진 비교를 통한 스마트폰 앱의 영양소섭취량 타당도 평가

이혜진(Hyejin Lee),김은빈(Eunbin Kim),김수현(Su Hyeon Kim),임하은(Haeun Lim),박영미(Yeong Mi Park),강준호(Joon Ho Kang),김희원(Heewon Kim),김진호(Jinho Kim),박웅양(Woong-Yang Park),박성진(Seongjin Park),김진기(Jinki Kim),양윤정(Yoon Jun 한국영양학회 2020 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.53 No.3

본 연구는 만 19세 이상 60세 미만 성인남녀 98명을 대상으로 스마트폰 앱인 Gene-Health을 이용하여 식사 기록을 통해 분석된 영양소섭취량과 동일한 날의 식사 섭취 전과 후의 사진비교를 통해 섭취량을 추정하여 분석된 영양소섭취량을 비교함으로 Gene-Health의 타당도를 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, Gene-Health의 영양소섭취량과 사진을 통해 추정한 영양소섭취량을 비교한 결과 에너지, 탄수화물, 지방, 지방으로부터의 에너지 섭취비율은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나 단백질 섭취량과 단백질로부터의 에너지 섭취 비율은 Gene-Health가 높았고, 탄수화물로부터의 에너지 섭취비율은 사진추정군이 높았다. 둘째, Gene-Health와 사진을 통한 영양소섭취량의 상관성은 에너지, 탄수화물, 단백질, 지방섭취량과 탄수화물 비율, 단백질 비율, 지질 비율은 모두 상관계수 0.382–0.708로 유의적인 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 셋째, Gene-Health와 사진을 통한 에너지, 탄수화물, 단백질, 지방섭취량과 탄수화물 비율, 단백질 비율, 지질 비율의 가중 카파 계수는 0.588–0.662로 상당히 일치하는 경향을 보였다. 에너지와 다량영양소, 다량영양소 섭취비율의 same agreement는 41.8%–48.0%이며 adjacent agreement는 75.5%–88.8%였다. 본 연구를 통하여 Gene-Health는 에너지와 다량영양소 섭취량을 추정하기 위한 타당한 도구라고 사료된다. 추후 연구에서는 다양한 연령과 여성 참가자를 확대하여 성별과 연령에 따른 Gene-Health의 타당도를 연구할 필요가 있다. Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the validity of the Gene-Health application in terms of estimating energy and macronutrients. Methods: The subjects were 98 health adults participating in a weight-control intervention study. They recorded their diets in the Gene-Health application, took photographs before and after every meal on the same day, and uploaded them to the Gene-Health application. The amounts of foods and drinks consumed were estimated based on the photographs by trained experts, and the nutrient intakes were calculated using the CAN-Pro 5.0 program, which was named ‘Photo Estimation’. The energy and macronutrients estimated from the Gene-Health application were compared with those from a Photo Estimation. The mean differences in energy and macronutrient intakes between the two methods were compared using paired t-test. Results: The mean energy intakes of Gene-Health and Photo Estimation were 1,937.0 kcal and 1,928.3 kcal, respectively. There were no significant differences in intakes of energy, carbohydrate, fat, and energy from fat (%) between two methods. The protein intake and energy from protein (%) of the Gene-Health were higher than those from the Photo Estimation. The energy from carbohydrate (%) for the Photo Estimation was higher than that of the Gene-Health. The Pearson correlation coefficients, weighted Kappa coefficients, and adjacent agreements for energy and macronutrient intakes between the two methods ranged from 0.382 to 0.607, 0.588 to 0.649, and 79.6% to 86.7%, respectively. Conclusion: The Gene-Health application shows acceptable validity as a dietary intake assessment tool for energy and macronutrients. Further studies with female subjects and various age groups will be needed.

Improved carrier-transport properties of passivated CdMnTe crystals

Kim, K. H.,Camarda, G. S.,Bolotnikov, A. E.,James, R. B.,Hong, Jinki,Kim, SunUng American Institute of Physics 2009 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS - Vol.105 No.9

Conductance Change Induced by the Rashba Effect in the LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ Interface

Kim, Taeyueb,Kim, Shin-Ik,Baek, Seung-Hyub,Hong, Jinki,Koo, Hyun Cheol American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.15 No.11

The role of periplasmic antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and thiol peroxidase) of the Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the formation of biofilms

Kim, Young Hoon,Lee, Yunho,Kim, Saehun,Yeom, Jinki,Yeom, Sujin,Seok Kim, Beom,Oh, Sangnam,Park, Sungsu,Jeon, Che Ok,Park, Woojun WILEY-VCH Verlag 2006 Proteomics Vol.6 No.23

<P>This study examined the role of the periplasmic oxidative defense proteins, copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SodC), and thiol peroxidase (Tpx), from the Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (STEC) in the formation of biofilms. Proteomic analyses have shown significantly higher expression levels of both periplasmic antioxidant systems (SodC and Tpx) in STEC cells grown under biofilm conditions than under planktonic conditions. An analysis of their growth phase-dependent gene expression indicated that a high level of the sodC expression occurred during the stationary phase and that the expression of the tpx gene was strongly induced only during the exponential growth phase. Exogenous hydrogen peroxide reduced the aerobic growth of the STEC sodC and tpx mutants by more than that of their parental strain. The two mutants also displayed significant reductions in their attachment to both biotic (HT-29 epithelial cell) and abiotic surfaces (polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride microplates) during static aerobic growth. However, the growth rates of both wild-type and mutants were similar under aerobic growth conditions. The formation of an STEC biofilm was only observed with the wild-type STEC cells in glass capillary tubes under continuous flow-culture conditions compared with the STEC sodC and tpx mutants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first mutational study to show the contribution of sodC and tpx gene products to the formation of an E. coli O157:H7 biofilm. These results also suggest that these biofilms are physiologically heterogeneous and that oxidative stress defenses in both the exponential and stationary growth stages play important roles in the formation of STEC biofilms.</P>

Magneto-conductance change induced by the Rashba effect at an oxide interface

Taeyueb Kim,Shin-Ik Kim,Seung-Hyub Baek,Jinki Hong,Hyun Cheol Koo 한국자기학회 2014 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.2014 No.11

아베 정권의 방위산업 · 기술기반 강화전략

김진기 ( Kim Jinki ) 국방대학교 안보문제연구소 2017 국방연구 Vol.60 No.2

이 논문의 목적은 아베 정권에서 이루어지고 있는 방위역량강화가 어떻게 전개되고 있는지를 살펴보는 데에 있다. 아베 정권 들어서 진행되었거나 추진되고 있는 안보정책의 전체적인 틀은 크게 두 가지 측면, 즉 정책적 측면과 산업·기술적 측면의 변화를 겨냥한 것으로 대별할 수 있다. 전자가 일본 방위정책의 의도를 나타내는 것이라면, 후자는 방위역량강화를 위한 것이다. 방위역량 강화를 위한 노력은 두가지 측면에서 전개되고 있다. 첫째, 방위산업의 역량을 강화시키기 위한 노력이다. 이는 방위장비이전 3원칙과 이를 뒷받침하기 위한 방위장비청의 설립으로 구체화되어 나타나고 있다. 둘째, 방위기술기반을 강화하기 위한 노력이다. 이는 전후 금지되어 왔던 대학에서의 군사연구를 위한 노력으로 구체화되어 나타나고 있다. 요컨대 아베 정권에서 추진되고 있는 안보정책은 단순히 정책상의 변화만을 겨냥하고 있는 것이 아니라 방위산업과 기술기반 등 안보역량을 강화하기 위한 제반 조치들도 함께 진행되고 있는 것이다. This paper purports to analyse the defense policy change of Abe administration. The defense policy change of Abe administration is composed of two parts. One is the defense policy which shows the intention of Japanese defense policy. The other is the defense capability strengthening plan which supports the defense policy. The defense capability strengthening plan is being developed by both the consolidation of defense technology and industrial base. The consolidation of defense industrial base has shaped as the 3 principles of defense equipment transfer and establishment of ATLA(Acquisition, Technology & Logistics Agency)`The strengthening of technology basse has appeared as cooperation and collaboration between universities, institutes and ATLA.

Magnetoresistance induced by the Rashba effect in the LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ interface

Taeyueb Kim,Shin-Ik Kim,Seung-Hyub Baek,Jinki Hong,Hyun Cheol Koo 한국자기학회 2014 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.2014 No.5

군수산업의 민수전환에 관한 비교 연구

김진기(Jinki Kim) 21세기정치학회 2003 21세기 정치학회보 Vol.13 No.1

In this paper I examine the defense industry policies the U.S., Russia, China and Japan in terms of conversion. Taken together, the defense industry policies of these countries are divided into two categories. One is defense specific industry policy which has represented the U.S. and Russia, and the other is dual technology policy which has represented Japan and China. With the waning of the Cold War, conversion has been a policy issue in the U.S. and Russia and a bundle of conversion programs have been adopted. However, the results of conversion in both countries are not satisfactory because of short-term economic interests in the U.S. and the general problems of economic transformation in Russia. On the other hand, conversion in Japan and China which has been a policy for a long period of time is proved to be successful. The success and failure of conversion in these countries come from the countries' security environments, economic capacity, the level of technology and so on. First, the defense technology and industrial base of the U.S. and Russia has been separated for a long time. As a result, it is very difficult for the two countries to convert defense industry to non-military industry for a short time. Second, China and Japan do not have enough economic materials to develop the military specific items.

전후 일본을 보는 하나의 시각

김진기(Jinki Kim) 21세기정치학회 2001 21세기 정치학회보 Vol.11 No.1

본 논문의 목적은 전후 일본 정치엘리트들이 공유하고 있는 정치정향의 역사적 배경을 살펴보는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 본 논문에서는 전전과 전후 일본의 지배구조가 어떠한 차이점이 있는지를 살펴보았다. 본 논문이 상정하고 있는 가설은 전전과 전후의 일본지배구조 사이에는 현상적인 변화에도 불구하고 본질적인 면에서는 변화가 없다는 것으로 요약될 수 있다. 이 가설을 뒷받침하기 위하여 필자는 세가지 측면에서 살펴보았다. 우선 전전 일본의 전체주의적 요소청산을 목표로 진행되었던 미국의 점령정책이 어떤 결과로 나타났는가에 대한 고찰이다. 두 번째는, 전후 일본 지배엘리트의 인적 구성과 제도적인 측면은 전전과 얼마나 차이를 보이며 이들이 공유하고 있었던 사상적 토대는 무엇인가에 대한 고찰이다. 마지막으로, 전후 일본의 주요정책이 전전의 정책과 어떠한 차별성을 가지고 있는가에 대한 고찰이다. 이러한 측면들에 대한 분석 결과는 본 논문의 가설을 뒷받침하는 것으로 나타났으며, 결과적으로 현대 일본엘리트들의 정치적 정향 또한 전전의 정치적 정향을 상당부분 온존시켜 왔다는 것을 알 수 있었다.