Effects of Polysaccharide Ginsan from Panax ginseng on Liver Function

Jie-Young Song,Medea Akhalaia,Alexander Platonov,Hyung-Doo Kim,In-Sung Jung,Young-Soo Han,윤연숙 대한약학회 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.5

Ginsan, a polysaccharide isolated from Panax ginseng, has been shown to be a potent immunomodulator, producing a variety of cytokines such as TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-g and GM-CSF, and stimulating lymphoid cells to proliferate. In the present study, we analyzed some immune functions 1st-5th days after ginsan i.p. injection, including the level of non-protein thiols (NPSH) as antioxidants, heme oxygenase (HO) activity as a marker of oxidative stress, zoxazolamine-induced paralysis time and level of hepatic cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) as indices of drug metabolism system, and activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, and albumin level as indicators of hepatotoxicity. Ginsan in the dose of 100 mg/kg caused marked elevation (1.7~2 fold) of HO activity, decrease of total CYP450 level (by 20-34%), and prolongation of zoxazolamine- induced paralysis time (by 65-70%), and showed some differences between male and female mice. Ginsan treatment did not seem to cause hepatic injury, since serum AST, ALT, and ALP activities and levels of total bilirubin and albumin were not changed.

SENSITIVITY OF THE EAST ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON PRECIPITATION TO LARGE-SCALE URBAN EXPANSION IN EAST ASIA

Jie SONG,HaiYan SHAO,HongYun Ma 한국기상학회 2011 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.10-2

Effect of the sintering technology on the properties of fired brick from quartz sands

Jie-Guang Song,Fang Wang,Xiao-Bo Bai,Da-Ming Du,Yin-Yan Ju,Ming-Han Xu,Gang-Chang Ji 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.4

River sands as low grade natural raw materials are used to prepare the fired brick to replace clay fired bricks, which aims to save land resources and use low grade natural resources to realize high cost performance. In this paper, the effect of sintering technology of bricks on their performance is discussed. The compressive strength of fired bricks is first increased and then decreased with an increase in the sintering temperature, the compressive strength of bricks prepared by the isostatic compaction shaping is higher than that of bricks prepared by the plastic shaping under the same conditions. The compressive strength of bricks reaches 28 MPa when sintered at 1150 oC by using a 20MPa isostatic compaction shaping method. The compressive strength of bricks is first increased and then decreased by prolonging the holding time, the compressive strength of bricks reaches 28.9MPa when sintered at 1150 oC for 2 h.

Effect of synthesis conditions on the particle size and morphology of YAG powder

Jie-Guang Song,Fang Wang,Ming-Han Xu,Yin-Yan Ju,Yang-Liang Li,Shi-Bin Li,Gang-Chang Ji 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2012 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.13 No.2

Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is currently a widely applied structural and functional material. To prepare highperformance YAG ceramics we prepared pure YAG powder, after calcining the precursor at 1100 ºC, by co-precipitation with ammonia as the precipitant and aluminum nitrate as well as yttrium nitrate as raw materials. The preparation conditions for the YAG precursor were a pH of 9, a titration rate of 10 ml/ minute and a reaction time of 60 minutes. The mean paricle size of the YAG powder was 11ìm. The mean particle size for the YAG powder increased with an increase in the pH and at a higher pH the YAG particles were more irregular in shape. The mean particle size and particle size distribution range of the YAG powder increased with an increase in the titration rate. For the YAG powder with a higher mean particle size, the particle size distribution range was wider but the size of most YAG particles was still small and the YAG particles were nearly spherical.

Effect of raw materials on the properties of ZrB2-YAG-Al2O3 multi-phase ceramics

Jie-Guang Song,Fang Wang,Da-Ming Du,Yin-Yan Ju,Shi-Bin Li,Gang-Chang Ji,Lian-Meng Zhang 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2014 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.15 No.2

ZrB2 belongs to a class of ceramics defined ultra-high-temperature ceramics with extremely high melting temperatures, but ZrB2 ceramics is difficultly sintered and easily oxidized. To make ZrB2 ceramics possess the high relative density and the better oxidation resistance. The effects of raw materials on the properties of ZrB2 composite were investigated. YAG and Al2O3 help for the densification of ZrB2 ceramics. Fracture toughness of sintered ceramics with coated powder is higher than that of sintered ceramics with mixed powder. The mechanical property of ZrB2-YAG-Al2O3 materials is higher than that of ZrB2-YAG materials. Oxidation layer thickness of sintered ceramics with coated powder is thinner than that of sintered ceramics with mixed powder. These results show the sintered ZrB2 based multi-phase ceramics with coated microstructure help to increase the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance. The oxidation resistance of ZrB2-YAG-Al2O3 ceramics is better than that of ZrB2-YAG materials.

Research on the Relationship Between Serum Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines and Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Song, Xiao-Yun,Zhou, Shi-Jie,Xiao, Ning,Li, Yun-Song,Zhen, De-Zhi,Su, Chong-Yu,Liu, Zhi-Dong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

Aims: This study was conducted to evaluate the levels of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-8 and VEGF in serum of patients with non- small cell lung cancer, for assessing their possible diagnostic and prognostic roles. Methods: We enrolled 48 patients newly diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer and 40 healthy controls. TNF- ${\alpha}$, IL-6 and IL-8 levels were measured in the serum of all the subjects with specific radioimmunoassay kits, while EGF was analyzed by sandwich enzyme immunoassay techniques. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between lung cancer patients and the control group regarding the values of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-8 and VEGF in serum. Moreover, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-8 and VEGF levels were higher in patients with advanced stages compared to early stages. In addition, higher serum levels of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-8 and VEGF were found in smokers than in non-smokers, both in patients and controls. Conclusion: Serum levels of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-8 and VEGF were all elevated in lung cancer patients, suggesting that inflammatory cytokines could be jointly used as a screening tool. Though TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-8 and VEGF levels were related to advanced disease, long-term survival studies of NSCLC patients should be performed to confirm whether they can act as biomarkers of advanced disease. In addition, smoking would be an important contributor to the processes of inflammation and lung cancer.

Nanostructured poly(ethylene oxide)-like dendron-<i>block</i>-linear poly(ethylene-<i>alt</i>-propylene) copolymers: design, synthesis, and thermal and assembling properties

Song, Jie,Cho, Byoung-Ki The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 SOFT MATTER Vol.8 No.12

<P>A series of self-assembling dendron-coil block copolymers with well-defined molecular structures were prepared <I>via</I> a divergent method. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks are composed of PEO-like dendrons and poly(ethylene-<I>alt</I>-propylene) (PEP) linear coils, respectively. A dendron-coil, <B>2G-2400</B> (<B>2G</B> and <B>2400</B> indicate the dendron generation and PEP molecular weight, respectively), showed a melting transition of the peripheral PEO chains. In contrast, the dendron-coils containing the 3<SUP>rd</SUP> generation dendron did not show any melting transition because of the plasticization effect of the tri(ethylene oxide) branches. Due to the strong immiscibility between the PEO-like dendron and PEP blocks, diverse microphase-separated morphologies were observed. <B>2G-2400</B> displayed a lamellar mesophase with an interdigitated dendron packing structure. For the larger 3<SUP>rd</SUP> generation dendron series, A15 micellar cubic (<I>Pm</I>3<I>n</I> space group), hexagonal columnar, and lamellar morphologies were revealed depending on the PEP coil length and/or temperature. For the columnar mesophases, the molecular wedge angles (<I>α</I>) were calculated to be 46.8° and 34.6° for <B>3G-2400</B> and <B>3G-3400</B>, respectively. This suggests that the longer PEP coil of <B>3G-3400</B> is conformationally more deformed in the columnar structure. As a consequence, the columnar phase was transformed into an interdigitated lamellar structure as the temperature increased. This order to order transition is a reversal of the well-known phase sequence of linear block copolymers. This unusual morphological behavior is mainly attributed to the unique molecular arrangement associated with non-conventional dendron-coil chain architecture.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Amphiphilic dendron-coils based on PEO-like dendrons and PEP coils display micellar and cylindrical morphologies with hydrophilic matrixes at ambient temperatures, as well as an unusual thermally induced transition from cylinder to lamellar mesophases. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2sm07240h'> </P>

Non-tortuous ionic transport in robust micellar liquid crystalline phases with cubic symmetry

Song, Jie,Cho, Byoung-Ki The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Chemical communications Vol.48 No.54

<P>A micellar cubic LC phase consisting of a hydrophilic matrix exhibited enhanced ionic transport and mechanical properties without macroscopic orientation, which are attributed to the non-tortuous ionic transport and highly symmetric cubic lattice, respectively.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>In comparison to low-dimensional columnar and lamellar samples, a micellar cubic liquid crystalline phase with <I>Pm</I>3<I>n</I> symmetry enhances ionic transport and mechanical properties <I>via</I> the continuous hydrophilic matrix in the polydomain sample. Therefore, no orientation effort has to be made in this supramolecular approach. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cc32820h'> </P>

Synthesis and Characterization of Aliphatic Polyether Dendrons Based on Polystyrene Peripheries

Jie Song,Hyun-Yu Kim,Byoung-Ki Cho* 대한화학회 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.10

The synthesis of well-defined dendrons based on aliphatic polyether dendritic cores and glassy polystyrene peripheries is described. The synthetic route involves a combination of living anionic polymerization and a stepwise convergent method consisting of iterative Williamson etherification and hydroboration/oxidation reactions. On the basis of molecular weight, as characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), the first generation dendron (Generation-1) shows a random coil conformation like a linear polystyrene, while higher generations (Generation-2 and 3) reveal globular forms in solution.

Preparation and sintering behavior of Al2O3-Y2O3/ZrB2 composite powders

Jie-Guang Song,Fang Wang 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.5

Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) has some excellent physical properties and chemical stability, it has been widely applied in many fields, but the sintering densification of ZrB2 is very difficult, and it is easily oxidized at high temperature. In order to improve the disadvantages of ZrB2, Al2O3-Y2O3/ZrB2 composite powders were prepared by a co-precipitation methods. When the pH is 9, the encapsulted structure of A1(OH)3-Y(OH)3/ZrB2 composite powders is best. Through analyzing ZrB2 surface status with SEM, EDS, TEM and XRD, the A12O3-Y2O3/ZrB2 composite powders were prepared by calcining at 600 oC in argon. The density of ZrB2-YAG ceramics with Al2O3-Y2O3 composite powders added is higer than that of ZrB2-YAG ceramics, which indicates the A12O3-Y2O3/ZrB2 composite powders are more easily prepared than high density ZrB2-YAG ceramics.