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Rui Zhu,Xueqin Yang,Jianjun Zhang,Danwen Xu,Jiawen Fan,Huoying Shi,Shifeng Wang,Xiufan Liu 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.3
The subtype H9N2 avian influenza virus greatly threatens the Chinese poultry industry, even with annual vaccination. Waterfowl can be asymptomatically infected with the H9N2 virus. In this study, three H9N2 virus strains, designated A/Goose/Jiangsu/YZ527/2011 (H9N2, Gs/JS/YZ527/11), A/Goose/Jiangsu/SQ119/2012 (H9N2, Gs/JS/SQ119/12), and A/Goose/Jiangsu/JD564/2012 (H9N2, Gs/JS/JD564/12), were isolated from domestic geese. Molecular characterization of the three isolates showed that the Gs/JS/YZ527/11 virus is a double-reassortant virus, combining genes of A/Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97 (H9N2, G1/97)-like and A/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98 (H9N2, F/98)-like; the Gs/JS/SQ119/12 virus is a triple-reassortant virus combining genes of G1/97-like, F/98-like, and A/Duck/Shantou/163/2004 (H9N2, ST/163/04)-like. The sequences of Gs/JS/JD564/12 share high homology with those of the F/98 virus, except for the neuraminidase gene, whereas the internal genes of Gs/JS/YZ527/11 and Gs/JS/SQ119/12 are closely related to those of the H7N9 viruses. An infectivity analysis of the three isolates showed that Gs/JS/SQ119/12 and Gs/JS/YZ527/11 replicated well, with seroconversion, in geese and chickens, the Gs/JS/JD564/12 did not infect well in geese or chickens, and the F/98 virus only infected chickens, with seroconversion. Emergence of these new reassortant H9N2 avian influenza viruses indicates that these viruses can infect both chicken and goose and can produce different types of lesions in each species.
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Lu Li,Jiawen Zhu,Kui Yang,Zhuofei Xu,Ziduo Liu,Rui Zhou 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.6
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is an important porcinerespiratory pathogen causing great economic losses in thepig industry worldwide. Oxygen deprivation is a stress thatA. pleuropneumoniae will encounter during both early infectionand the later, persistent stage. To understand modulationof A. pleuropneumoniae gene expression in responseto the stress caused by anaerobic conditions, gene expressionprofiles under anaerobic and aerobic conditions werecompared in this study. The microarray results showed that631 genes (27.7% of the total ORFs) were differentially expressedin anaerobic conditions. Many genes encoding proteinsinvolved in glycolysis, carbon source uptake systems,pyruvate metabolism, fermentation and the electron respirationtransport chain were up-regulated. These changes ledto an increased amount of pyruvate, lactate, ethanol and acetatein the bacterial cells as confirmed by metabolite detection. Genes encoding proteins involved in cell surface structures,especially biofilm formation, peptidoglycan biosynthesisand lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis were up-regulatedas well. Biofilm formation was significantly enhancedunder anaerobic conditions. These results indicate that inductionof central metabolism is important for basic survivalof A. pleuropneumoniae after a shift to an anaerobic environment. Enhanced biofilm formation may contribute tothe persistence of this pathogen in the damaged anaerobichost tissue and also in the early colonization stage. Thesediscoveries give new insights into adaptation mechanismsof A. pleuropneumoniae in response to environmental stress.
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Use of Long-chain Alcohol in Extraction and Purification of Lincomycin from Fermentation Broth
Wu, Bin,Zhu, Jiawen,Chen, Kui,Ji, Lijun,Guo, Jianguo,Zhao, Jianxi 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.20 No.2
Low selectivity for lincomycin in butanol extraction process leads to relatively higher content of impurities. A novel process for extraction of lincomycin from fermentation broth was studied in this work. Mixture of n-octanol and n-decanol is used as extractant to replace n-butanol in extraction of lincomycin. Oprimal operation conditions for the process have been studied. Due to higher extraction selectivity for lincomycin A by long-chain alcohol, content of impurity(lincomycin B) in the final product is much lower than that in product by butanol process. Furthemore, the practicability for combination of long-chain alcohol and butanol in purification of linecomycin was investigated.
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Yanjun Li,Yanyang Wu,Jiawen Zhu,Jiaxian Liu 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.2
Biochemical 2,3-butanediol is a renewable material with the potential to be used as an alternative fuel. However, in the lack of an effective separation process has limited its industrial application. In this paper, an effective process was achieved to separate 2,3-butanediol by reactive-extraction. Acetaldehyde and cyclohexane were chosen as the reactant and extractant, respectively. Ion-exchange resin HZ732 was used as the catalyst. Reaction equilibrium and a kinetic study on the reaction between 2,3-butanediol and acetaldehyde were investigated to provide basic data for process development. The reaction enthalpy and activation energy of reaction of 2,3-butanediol and acetaldehyde were −30.05 ± 1.62 KJ/mol and 45.29 ± 2.89 KJ/mol,respectively. Feasible conditions were obtained as follows:operating temperature = 20℃, acetaldehyde: 2,3-butanediol = 0.5:1 (w/w), cyclohexane: fermentation broth = 0.5:1 (w/w), catalyst amount = 100 g/L, stirring rate = 500 rpm and three-stage counter-current extraction method was used. Under these conditions, the total yield rate of 2,3-butanediol from fermentation broth was over 90% and the mass fraction of 2,3-butanediol in the final product reached 99%. Biochemical 2,3-butanediol is a renewable material with the potential to be used as an alternative fuel. However, in the lack of an effective separation process has limited its industrial application. In this paper, an effective process was achieved to separate 2,3-butanediol by reactive-extraction. Acetaldehyde and cyclohexane were chosen as the reactant and extractant, respectively. Ion-exchange resin HZ732 was used as the catalyst. Reaction equilibrium and a kinetic study on the reaction between 2,3-butanediol and acetaldehyde were investigated to provide basic data for process development. The reaction enthalpy and activation energy of reaction of 2,3-butanediol and acetaldehyde were −30.05 ± 1.62 KJ/mol and 45.29 ± 2.89 KJ/mol,respectively. Feasible conditions were obtained as follows:operating temperature = 20℃, acetaldehyde: 2,3-butanediol = 0.5:1 (w/w), cyclohexane: fermentation broth = 0.5:1 (w/w), catalyst amount = 100 g/L, stirring rate = 500 rpm and three-stage counter-current extraction method was used. Under these conditions, the total yield rate of 2,3-butanediol from fermentation broth was over 90% and the mass fraction of 2,3-butanediol in the final product reached 99%.
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Jian Zhang,Shuai Ma,Jiawen Zhu,Kejia Kang,Guoqiang Luo,Chuandong Wu,Qiang Shen,Lianmeng Zhang 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.2
In this work, W/HfC composite materials were synthesized using plasma activated sintering. The influence of the sinteringtemperature and HfC weight fraction on the relative density, microstructure and compression strength were investigated. The results demonstrated that the sintering temperature and the HfC content significantly affected the microstructure of W/HfC composites. Moreover, the grain size of the W/HC composites decreased and the mechanical properties were improvedremarkably due to the addition of HfC. The majority of HfC particles reacted with oxygen impurities to generate HfO2,whichpurified the grain boundaries and refined the grain size of the W matrix. The optimum content of HfC is 2 wt%, at which ahigh compressive strength of 1.98 GPa and a high strain of 34.7% were obtained.
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Reactive extraction of 2,3-butanediol from fermentation broth
Yanyang Wu,Yanjun Li,Jiawen Zhu,Jiaxian Liu 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.1
Biochemical 2,3-butanediol is a renewable material, but the lack of an effective separation process limits its industrial application. We developed an effective separation process to recover 2,3-butanediol from fermentation broth by reactive-extraction with ion-exchange resin HZ732 as catalyst. n-Butylaldehyde was used as both reactant and extractant. Feasible operation conditions were obtained as follows: room temperature, Ccat=200 g·L−1, three-stage cross-current extraction, with reactant ratio (VButylaldehyde : Vfermentation broth) 0.05 for each stage. Reactive-extraction can recover over 98% of 2,3-butanediol in the form of 2-propyl-4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane from fermentation broth. Then 2,3-butanediol was obtained by hydrolyzing 2-propyl-4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane and purified by vacuum distillation. The total yield rate of 2,3-butanediol through the process was over 94% and purity of final product reached 99%.
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Lijun Ji,Kui Chen,Jiawen Zhu,Bin Wu 한국공업화학회 2010 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.16 No.4
Residence time distribution (RTD) in an impinging streams reactor with two or four nozzles was investigated with KCl solution as a tracer. The results showed that the flow pattern in the reactor was close to that in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Macromixing process in the reactor was improved obviously when the opposite nozzles were added. Based on the analysis of flow region in the reactor, gamma distributionmodel with bypass (GDB) was applied for study on the RTD of the reactor. It was found that RTD in the impinging streams reactor could be finely described by the model. Also the effects of experimental conditions on parameters of model were analyzed according to the correlated values of the model parameters.
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Yanyang Wu,Yanjun Li,Jiawen Zhu,Jiaxian Liu 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.1
An effective process was developed to separate 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) from fermentation broth (FB)by reactive-extraction. Propionaldehyde (PRA) was used as reactant and reaction product 2-ethyl-4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane (EDD) acted as extractant. HCl was selected as catalyst. Appropriate conditions were obtained by experiment as follows: 10 oC, CHCl=0.2mol·L−1, two-stage cross-current extraction, reactant volume ratio (VPRA : VFB) for first stage and second stage is 0.10 and 0.05, respectively. The yield rate of 2,3-butanediol for the whole process can reach 90%w/w, and 2,3-butanediol in the final product can be more than 99% w/w. The novel process required less solution and especially had advantages in treating dilute fermentation broth. Furthermore, equilibrium and kinetic study were investigated on the reaction of propionaldehyde and 2,3-butanediol to provide basic data for process development. The results reveal that reaction enthalpy and activation energy of the reaction were −21.84±2.38 KJ·mol−1 and 51.97±2.84 KJ·mol−1, respectively. Kinetics was well described by pseudo-homogeneous model.
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