The Impact Force of Large Boulders with Irregular Shape in Flash Flood and Debris Flow

Guang-Wu Si,Xiao-Qing Chen,Jian-Gang Chen,Jin-Bo Tang,Wan-Yu Zhao,Ke Jin 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.10

The impact force of large boulders carried by flash floods and debris flows is one of the main causes of structural damage. The elastoplastic modification model of the impact force was derived, and it was found that the impact force was significantly affected by large boulders with irregular shapes. However, a large boulder with an irregular shape is often simplified as an isovolumetric sphere or ellipsoid, which may lead to inaccurate calculation of the impact force. In this paper, a method to obtain the irregular shape of a large boulder in the field is proposed by combining field investigation, image processing, and graphic analysis. The irregular shape is described by a nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curve. The curvature radii corresponding to the potential impact contact points on the surface of a large boulder, which can reflect the influence of the irregular shape, are extracted according to the concavity and convexity analysis. The results demonstrate that NURBS curves can describe irregular shapes both conveniently and accurately. The impact force was corrected by the elastic–plastic model, the impact force increased with increasing curvature radius, and the increase ratio of the impact force gradually decreased with increasing velocity. Compared with the isovolumetric sphere model and ellipsoid model, the impact force calculated by the ellipsoid model is closer to the results obtained in this paper. The reduction factor of the impact force is 0.03 − 0.16, which first increases significantly and then linearly increases with increasing curvature radius. In addition, the reduction factor of the impact force initially exhibits a significant decline with increasing velocity and then gradually stabilises. To simplify parameter selection, we suggest using the maximum curvature radius in the ellipsoid model as the calculation parameter in calculating the impact force of large boulders.

UV-Vis Spectra of N,N`-Bis (4`-Aminophenyl)-1,4-quinonenediimine Doped with H₄SiW₁₂O₄₀

Jian Gong,Xiu Jun Cui,Ya Guang Chen,Zhong Wei Xie,Lun Yu Qu 한국고분자학회 2004 Macromolecular Research Vol.12 No.1

Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibition is a novel therapeutic strategy targeting tumor in the bone marrow microenvironment in multiple myeloma

Tai, Yu-Tzu,Chang, Betty Y.,Kong, Sun-Young,Fulciniti, Mariateresa,Yang, Guang,Calle, Yolanda,Hu, Yiguo,Lin, Jianhong,Zhao, Jian-Jun,Cagnetta, Antonia,Cea, Michele,Sellitto, Michael A.,Zhong, Mike Y. American Society of Hematology 2012 Blood Vol.120 No.9

<B>Abstract</B><P>Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk) has a well-defined role in B-cell development, whereas its expression in osteoclasts (OCs) further suggests a role in osteoclastogenesis. Here we investigated effects of PCI-32765, an oral and selective Btk inhibitor, on osteoclastogenesis as well as on multiple myeloma (MM) growth within the BM microenvironment. PCI-32765 blocked RANKL/M-CSF-induced phosphorylation of Btk and downstream PLC-γ2 in OCs, resulting in diminished TRAP5b (ED50 = 17nM) and bone resorption activity. PCI-32765 also inhibited secretion of multiple cytokines and chemokines from OC and BM stromal cell cultures from both normal donors (ED50 = 0.5nM) and MM patients. It decreased SDF-1-induced migration of MM cells, and down-regulated MIP1-α/CCL3 in MM cells. It also blocked MM cell growth and survival triggered by IL-6 or coculture with BM stromal cells or OCs in vitro. Importantly, PCI-32765 treatment significantly inhibits in vivo MM cell growth (P < .03) and MM cell-induced osteolysis of implanted human bone chips in SCID mice. Moreover, PCI-32765 prevents in vitro colony formation by stem-like cells from MM patients. Together, these results delineate functional sequelae of Btk activation mediating osteolysis and growth of MM cells, supporting evaluation of PCI-32765 as a novel therapeutic in MM.</P>

Association of Six Susceptibility Loci with Prostate Cancer in Northern Chinese Men

Zhang, Yu-Rong,Xu, Yong,Yang, Kuo,Liu, Ming,Wei, Dong,Zhang, Yao-Guang,Shi, Xiao-Hong,Wang, Jian-Ye,Yang, Fan,Wang, Xin,Liang, Si-Ying,Zhao, Cheng-Xiao,Wang, Fei,Chen, Xin,Sun, Liang,Zhu, Xiao-Quan,Zh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Background/Aim: Six prostate cancer (PCa) susceptibility loci were identified in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in populations of European decent. However, the associations of these 6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with PCa has remained tobe clarified in men in Northern China. This study aimed to explore the loci associated with PCa risk in a Northern Chinese population. Methods: Blood samples and clinical information of 289 PCa patients and 288 controls from Beijing and Tianjin were collected. All risk SNPs were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-high resolution melting curve technology and gene sequencing. Associations between PCa and clinical covariates (age at diagnosis, prostate-specific antigen [PSA], Gleason score, tumor stage, and level of aggressiveness) and frequencies of alleles and genotypes of these SNPs were analyzed using genetic statistics. Results: Among the candidate SNPs, 11p15 (rs7127900, A) was associated with PCa risk (P = 0.02, odds ratio [OR] = 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09-2.46). Genotypes showed differences between cases and controls on 11p15 (rs7127900, A), 11q13 (rs7931342, T), and HNF1B (rs4430796, A) (P = 0.03, P = 0.01, and P = 0.04, respectively). The genotype TG on 11q13 (rs7931342, T) was positively associated with an increased Gleason score (P = 0.04, OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.02-4.55). Patients carrying TG on 17q24 (rs1859962, G) were negatively associated with an increased body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.03, OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.21-0.92) while those with AG on HNF1B (rs4430796, A) were more likely to have PSA increase (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Our study suggests that 11p15 (rs7127900, A) could be a susceptibility locus associated with PCa in Northern Chinese. Genotype TG on 11q13 (rs7931342, T) could be related to an increased Gleason score, AG on HNF1B (rs4430796, A) could be associated with PSA increase, and TG on 17q24 (rs1859962, G) could be negatively associated with an increased BMI in Chinese men with PCa.

Associational Revolution in China: Mapping the Landscapes

Shao Guang Wang,Jian Yu He 한국학술연구원 2004 Korea Observer Vol.35 No.3

Serum Tumor Marker Levels might have Little Significance in Evaluating Neoadjuvant Treatment Response in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

Wang, Yu-Jie,Huang, Xiao-Yan,Mo, Miao,Li, Jian-Wei,Jia, Xiao-Qing,Shao, Zhi-Min,Shen, Zhen-Zhou,Wu, Jiong,Liu, Guang-Yu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.11

Background: To determine the potential value of serum tumor markers in predicting pCR (pathological complete response) during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively monitored the pro-, mid-, and post-neoadjuvant treatment serum tumor marker concentrations in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (stage II-III) who accepted pre-surgical chemotherapy or chemotherapy in combination with targeted therapy at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between September 2011 and January 2014 and investigated the association of serum tumor marker levels with therapeutic effect. Core needle biopsy samples were assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) prior to neoadjuvant treatment to determine hormone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2), and proliferation index Ki67 values. In our study, therapeutic response was evaluated by pCR, defined as the disappearance of all invasive cancer cells from excised tissue (including primary lesion and axillary lymph nodes) after completion of chemotherapy. Analysis of variance of repeated measures and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed for statistical analysis of the data. Results: A total of 348 patients were recruited in our study after excluding patients with incomplete clinical information. Of these, 106 patients were observed to have acquired pCR status after treatment completion, accounting for approximately 30.5% of study individuals. In addition, 147patients were determined to be Her-2 positive, among whom the pCR rate was 45.6% (69 patients). General linear model analysis (repeated measures analysis of variance) showed that the concentration of cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 increased after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in both pCR and non-pCR groups, and that there were significant differences between the two groups (P=0.008). The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) of pre-, mid-, and post-treatment CA15-3 concentrations demonstrated low-level predictive value (AUC=0.594, 0.644, 0.621, respectively). No significant differences in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or CA12-5 serum levels were observed between the pCR and non-pCR groups (P=0.196 and 0.693, respectively). No efficient AUC of CEA or CA12-5 concentrations were observed to predict patient response toward neoadjuvant treatment (both less than 0.7), nor were differences between the two groups observed at different time points. We then analyzed the Her-2 positive subset of our cohort. Significant differences in CEA concentrations were identified between the pCR and non-pCR groups (P=0.039), but not in CA15-3 or CA12-5 levels (p=0.092 and 0.89, respectively). None of the ROC curves showed underlying prognostic value, as the AUCs of these three markers were less than 0.7. The ROC-AUCs for the CA12-5 concentrations of inter-and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the estrogen receptor negative HER2 positive subgroup were 0.735 and 0.767, respectively. However, the specificity and sensitivity values were at odds with each other which meant that improving either the sensitivity or specificity would impair the efficiency of the other. Conclusions: Serum tumor markers CA15-3, CA12-5, and CEA might have little clinical significance in predicting neoadjuvant treatment response in locally advanced breast cancer.

The Relationship Between Preoperative Cervical Sagittal Balance and Clinical Outcome of Patients With Hirayama Disease Treated With Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Xiao Lu,Guang-Yu Xu,Cong Nie,Yu Xuan Zhang,Jian Song,Jianyuan Jiang 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.3

Objective: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a common surgical method used to treat patients with Hirayama disease. And sagittal balance indexes have been revealed to be predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with cervical diseases, but their relationships with ACDF-treated Hirayama disease outcomes remain unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship of preoperative cervical sagittal balance indexes and clinical outcomes in ACDF-treated Hirayama disease patients. Methods: Eighty patients with Hirayama disease treated by ACDF were reviewed retrospectively. Six cervical sagittal balance parameters were collected including Cobb angle, T1 slope, C1–7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), C2–7 SVA, center of gravity of the head (CGH)-C7 SVA, range of motion. The recovery outcomes of the patients were divided into 2 groups by Odom score and the differences in recovery between the 2 groups were confirmed by electromyography. The correlation between imaging parameters and postoperative outcome was evaluated with logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the significant result of logistic regression and the optimal diagnostic value. Results: Only 2 parameters, Cobb angle and CGH-C7 SVA, showed statistical correlation with the postoperative outcome assessment by logistic regression. AUC of Cobb angle and CGH-C7 SVA were 0.559 and 0.702 respectively. The optimal predictive threshold was 1.50° and 5.40 mm, respectively. Conclusion: A larger Cobb angle and smaller CGH-C7 SVA seemed to correlate with a better postoperative outcome. These 2 factors could be used to predict the outcome of surgical treatment of Hirayama disease preoperatively.

Low Specific On-resistance SOI LDMOS Device with P⁺P-top Layer in the Drift Region

Yao, Jia-Fei,Guo, Yu-Feng,Xu, Guang-Ming,Hua, Ting-Ting,Lin, Hong,Xiao, Jian The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2014 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.14 No.5

In this paper, a novel low specific on-resistance SOI LDMOS Device with P+P-top layer in the drift region is proposed and investigated using a two dimensional device simulator, MEDICI. The structure is characterized by a heavily-doped $P^+$ region which is connected to the P-top layer in the drift region. The $P^+$ region can modulates the surface electric field profile, increases the drift doping concentration and reduces the sensitivity of the breakdown voltage on the geometry parameters. Compared to the conventional D-RESURF device, a 25.8% decrease in specific on-resistance and a 48.2% increase in figure of merit can be obtained in the novel device. Furthermore, the novel $P^+P$-top device also present cost efficiency due to the fact that the $P^+$ region can be fabricated together with the P-type body contact region without any additional mask.

Low Specific On-resistance SOI LDMOS Device with P<SUP>+</SUP>P-top Layer in the Drift Region

Jia-Fei Yao,Yu-Feng Guo,Guang-Ming Xu,Ting-Ting Hua,Hong Lin,Jian Xiao 대한전자공학회 2014 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.14 No.5

In this paper, a novel low specific onresistance SOI LDMOS Device with P<SUP>+</SUP>P-top layer in the drift region is proposed and investigated using a two dimensional device simulator, MEDICI. The structure is characterized by a heavily-doped P<SUP>+</SUP> region which is connected to the P-top layer in the drift region. The P<SUP>+</SUP> region can modulates the surface electric field profile, increases the drift doping concentration and reduces the sensitivity of the breakdown voltage on the geometry parameters. Compared to the conventional D-RESURF device, a 25.8% decrease in specific on-resistance and a 48.2% increase in figure of merit can be obtained in the novel device. Furthermore, the novel P<SUP>+</SUP>P-top device also present cost efficiency due to the fact that the P<SUP>+</SUP> region can be fabricated together with the P-type body contact region without any additional mask.

Comparison of multiaxial fatigue damage models under variable amplitude loading

Hong Chen,De-Guang Shang,Yu-Jie Tian,Jian-Zhong Liu 대한기계학회 2012 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.26 No.11

Based on the cycle counting method of Wang and Brown and on the linear accumulation damage rule of Miner, four multiaxial fatigue damage models without any weight factors proposed by Pan et al., Varvani-Farahani, Shang and Wang, and Shang et al. are used to compute fatigue damage. The procedure is evaluated using the low cycle fatigue experimental data of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy and En15R steel under tension/torsion variable amplitude loading. The results reveal that the procedure is convenient for engineering design and application, and that the four multiaxial fatigue damage models provide good life estimates.