염색폐수의 Xp처리법

왕서창,김장호,임경택,김춘희 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1994 硏究報告 Vol.17 No.2

Expression of Ang-2/Tie-2 and PI3K/AKT in Colorectal Cancer

Zhang, Ji-Hong,Wang, Li-Hua,Li, Xiang-Jun,Wang, Ai-Ping,Reng, Li-Qun,Xia, Feng-Guo,Yang, Zhi-Ping,Jiang, Jing,Wang, Xiao-Dan,Wen, Chun-Yang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20

Purpose: To study the expression of angiogenin-2 (Ang-2) and its receptor Tie-2 in colorectal cancer and discuss the possible mechanisms behind this process. Materials and Methods: Using the streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemical method, paraffin sections from 100 colorectal cancer samples and 10 samples from tumor-adjacent normal tissue (> 2 cm from the edge of the gross tumor) were tested for protein expression of Ang-2, Tie-2, PI3K, and AKT. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blots were further used to measure expression of the 4 genes and proteins in 20 freshly-resected colorectal cancer samples and tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Results: In colorectal cancer tissues, the expression of the Ang-2, Tie-2, PI3K, and AKT genes and their proteins was significantly higher than in tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Protein expression in poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma was higher than that in well and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. According to Duke's classification, the protein expression in Stages C and D was significantly higher than that in Stages A and B. In the group with lymphatic metastasis, the protein expression was higher than that without lymphatic metastasis. Conclusions: In colorectal cancer, the expression of the Ang-2, Tie-2, PI3K, and AKT genes and their proteins is markedly higher than those in tumor-adjacent normal tissues. No correlation was observed between protein expression and gender, location, or histologic type. Correlations did exist between protein expression and differentiation level, stage of Duke's classification, and lymphatic metastasis; in colorectal cancer tissues with lower differentiation levels, higher stages of Duke's classification, and lymphatic metastasis, the expression of all 4 proteins was higher. The study of their expression patterns and relationships with aggression and metastasis will provide a valuable experimental foundation for assessing prognosis and targeted therapy of colorectal cancer.

The antimicrobial activity of as-prepared silver-loaded phosphate glasses and zirconium phosphate

Wang Jing,Ji Zhi Jiang,Shui Zhong He,Yang Yang,Zhao Chun Yan,Wang Xiao Yan 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.3

The antimicrobial activities of silver-loaded zirconium phosphate (JDG) and silver-loaded phosphate glasses (ZZB) against Escherichia coli were studied. Although the silver content in JDG was higher than that in ZZB, ZZB suspensions showed better antimicrobial property than JDG suspensions, especially at low concentrations. The antimicrobial activity was analyzed using minimum inhibitory concentrations, bacterial inhibition ring tests, and detection of silver ions in the suspensions. Furthermore, the amounts of silver ions in suspensions with/without bacterial cells were analyzed. Results revealed that only a portion of released silver ions could be adsorbed by E. coli cells, which are critical to cell death. The damaged microstructures of E. coli cells observed by transmission electron microscopy may further prove that the adsorbed silver ions play an important role in the antimicrobial process.

Analyzing the Deformation of Multilayered Saturated Sandy Soils under Large Building Foundation

Chun Li,Zhanguo Xiu,Yingchun Ji,Feili Wang,A. H. C. Chan 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.9

The generalized plasticity theory has been subject of much research in geomechanics. The Pastor-Zienkiewicz model and its modified versions are among these. For large foundations resting on multilayered soils the actual loading is often non-linear. In this study we developed a new mathematical model which can apply non-linear loading using the subfield of planar mesh method. A sensitivity study was first performed to evaluate the contribution of deformation from various model parameters. It is found that the plastic modulus parameters only have marginal contributions. An engineering case study was used to valid the proposed model and it is evident from measured stresses that the loading of the foundation is non-linear. The deformations calculated by the proposed model agreed well with the monitored deformations. It is also found that the maximum deformation point is not necessarily in the centre of foundation and it does not coincide with the maximum loading point either. The distance between the maximum deformation point and the maximum loading point can be as far as 15.59 m for the bottom layer soil from this case. This research proves the necessity of using non-linear loading to calculate the foundation deformations for large foundations with multilayered saturated soils.

Expression of Each Cistron in the <i>gal</i> Operon Can Be Regulated by Transcription Termination and Generation of a <i>galK</i>-Specific mRNA, mK2

Wang, Xun,Ji, Sang Chun,Yun, Sang Hoon,Jeon, Heung Jin,Kim, Si Wouk,Lim, Heon M. American Society for Microbiology 2014 Journal of Bacteriology Vol.196 No.14

<P>The <I>gal</I> operon of <I>Escherichia coli</I> has 4 cistrons, <I>galE</I>, <I>galT</I>, <I>galK</I>, and <I>galM</I>. In our previous report (H. J. Lee, H. J. Jeon, S. C. Ji, S. H. Yun, H. M. Lim, J. Mol. Biol. <B>378:</B>318–327, 2008), we identified 6 different mRNA species, mE1, mE2, mT1, mK1, mK2, and mM1, in the <I>gal</I> operon and mapped these mRNAs. The mRNA map suggests a gradient of gene expression known as natural polarity. In this study, we investigated how the mRNAs are generated to understand the cause of natural polarity. Results indicated that mE1, mT1, mK1, and mM1, whose 3′ ends are located at the end of each cistron, are generated by transcription termination. Since each transcription termination is operating with a certain frequency and those 4 mRNAs have 5′ ends at the transcription initiation site(s), these transcription terminations are the basic cause of natural polarity. Transcription terminations at <I>galE-galT</I> and <I>galT-galK</I> junctions, making mE1 and mT1, are Rho dependent. However, the terminations to make mK1 and mM1 are partially Rho dependent. The 5′ ends of mK2 are generated by an endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-mK2 by RNase P, and the 3′ ends are generated by Rho termination 260 nucleotides before the end of the operon. The 5′ portion of pre-mK2 is likely to become mE2. These results also suggested that <I>galK</I> expression could be regulated through mK2 production independent from natural polarity.</P>

Two-level inhibition of <i>galK</i> expression by Spot 42: Degradation of mRNA mK2 and enhanced transcription termination before the <i>galK</i> gene

Wang, Xun,Ji, Sang Chun,Jeon, Heung Jin,Lee, Yonho,Lim, Heon M. National Academy of Sciences 2015 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.112 No.24

<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Most sRNAs of <I>Escherichia coli</I> function at the 5′ end of the target RNA. Binding of sRNA to the 5′ end of the target RNA induces a ribosome-free zone that causes molecular events such as target RNA degradation and Rho-termination. Results from this study show that Spot 42 enhances Rho-termination at the end of the <I>galT</I> gene, demonstrating for the first time that sRNA could function at the 3′ end of the target RNA. The region where Spot 42 binds overlaps with two other functional cis-acting sites: the ribosome-binding site for <I>galK</I> and the cytosine-rich, guanine-poor region known as the Rho-binding site, suggesting a unique molecular mechanism to enhance Rho-termination occurring at a cistron junction in a multicistronic operon.</P><P>The <I>Escherichia coli gal</I> operon has the structure <I>Pgal-galE-galT-galK-galM</I>. During early log growth, a gradient in gene expression, named type 2 polarity, is established, as follows: <I>galE > galT > galK > galM</I>. However, during late-log growth, type 1 polarity is established in which <I>galK</I> is greater than <I>galT</I>, as follows: <I>galE > galK > galT > galM</I>. We found that type 2 polarity occurs as a result of the down-regulation of <I>galK</I>, which is caused by two different molecular mechanisms: Spot 42-mediated degradation of the <I>galK-</I>specific mRNA, mK2, and Spot 42-mediated Rho-dependent transcription termination at the end of <I>galT</I>. Because the concentration of Spot 42 drops during the transition period of the polarity type switch, these results demonstrate that type 1 polarity is the result of alleviation of Spot 42-mediated <I>galK</I> down-regulation. Because the Spot 42-binding site overlaps with a putative Rho-binding site, a molecular mechanism is proposed to explain how Spot 42, possibly with Hfq, enhances Rho-mediated transcription termination at the end of <I>galT</I>.</P>

Explosive Compaction of Ultrafine Tungsten Powder (초)

Wang Hoi Gu,Ji Soon Kim,Jin Chun Kim,Young Soon Kwon,Seong Lee,Young Do Kim 대한금속ㆍ재료학회 2009 대한금속재료학회 학술대회 개요집 Vol.2009 No.-

Synthesis of novel diosgenyl saponin analogues and apoptosis-inducing activity on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma

Wang, Bo,Chun, Jaemoo,Liu, Yang,Han, Lina,Wang, Yan-shi,Joo, Eun-Ji,Kim, Yeong-Shik,Cheng, Mao-sheng The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Vol.10 No.44

<P>We synthesized a diosgenyl saponin bearing a unique disaccharide from the natural product β-hederin, together with twelve glycosylated derivatives and determined their cytotoxicity against five different human cancer cell lines. Most of them showed weak cytotoxicity, with the exception of compound <B>20</B>, diosgenyl α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-arabinopyranosyl-(1→4)]-α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-arabinopyranoside, which exhibited strong cytotoxicity against A549 cells. The cytotoxicity of <B>20</B> was associated with apoptotic cell death, which was characterized by morphological changes, chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and phosphatidylserine externalization. Compound <B>20</B> induced apoptosis of A549 cells through a caspase-8-mediated extrinsic pathway and a caspase-9-mediated intrinsic pathway. In addition, phosphorylation of JNK increased but the phosphorylation of ERK decreased after treatment with <B>20</B>. These results provide a basic mechanism for the anticancer activity of <B>20</B>.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The diosgenyl trisaccharide greatly induces apoptosis in A549 cells, mainly through an extrinsic pathway. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2ob26579f'> </P>

High Quality Partially Relaxed SiGe Film Grown on Silicon-on-Insulator Substrate by Ultra-High Vacuum Chemical Vapor Deposition

Chang Chun Chen,Wen Tao Huang,Zhi Hong Liu,Ji Lin Wang,Xiao Yi Xiong,Yi Lin Shan,Wei Zhang,Jun Zhu,Pei Hsin Tsien 대한금속학회 2004 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.10 No.3

Design and control of extractive distillation for the separation of methyl acetate-methanol-water

Honghai Wang,Pengyu Ji,Huibin Cao,Weiyi Su,Chunli Li 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.12

The azeotrope of methyl acetate methanol and water was isolated using extractive distillation with water as entrainer. The pressure-swing extractive distillation (PSED) process and vapor side-stream distillation column (VSDC) with the rectifier process were designed to separate the methyl acetate, methanol and water mixture. It was revealed that the VSDC with the rectifier process had a reduction in energy consumption than the PSED process. Four control schemes of the two process were investigated: Double temperature control scheme (CS1), QR/F feedforward control of reboiler duty scheme for PESD (CS2), QR/F feedback control scheme for VSDC (CS3), the feedback control scheme of sensitive plate temperature of side-drawing distillation column to dominate the compressor shaft speed (CS4). Feed flow and composition disturbance were used to evaluate the dynamic performance. As a result, CS4 is a preferable choice for separation of methyl acetate-methanol-water mixture. A control scheme combining the operating parameters of dynamic equipment with the control indicators of static equipment was proposed in this paper. It means using the sensitive plate temperature of side-drawing column to control the compressor shaft speed. This is a new control scheme for extractive distillation