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생리식염수 및 포도당수액 정액 투여가 에탄올 농도에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구
김원율,이상래,안지영,안성훈,류석용,김경환,김홍용 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3
Background: In emergency department, there are many drunken patients with various emergency medical situations. In these patients, evaluation and management of the medical problems are delayed from time to time because of the uncooperative nature of the patients and because of consciousness and sensory changes. A precise evaluation can only be obtained when the patients become sober. For this purpose, most clinicians start IV fluid loading. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of IV fluid(normal saline and glucose solution) on the rate of ethanol clearance in such patients Methods: Ten volunteers(healthy males in their twenties and with a Michigan alcohol screening test below 4) were enrolled in this study. Alcohol intake was restricted to at least 48 hours before the test and food intake to at least 4 hours. For the test, A predetermined dose of ethanol(1 gm/kg) was given to the volunteers. Each volunteer was tested on three consecutive times with 3 or more days interval for alcohol wash out period . On the lst day, the volunteers received ethanol only per os. On the second day, they received ethanol and a liter of IV 10% dextrose solution. Each day, blood was drawn from the antecubital vein to measure the ethanol level at the time of ethanol ingestion and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours after ingestion. The repeated measure ANOVA test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The difference in the blood ethanol level between the 3 test was F=1.7, p=0.184 and the difference corrected by the time factor was F=0.32, and p=0.985. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the blood ethanol level between the tests. In conclusion, the IV normal saline or glucose solution does not accelerate ethanol clearance in suffering
중국 및 중국인에 대한 사회인식 : 한국인과 중국조선족의 가치비교 A Comparison of Korean and Chinese-Korean's value
손장권,김응렬,유지열 고려대학교 한국학연구소 1994 한국학연구 Vol.6 No.-
지금부터 1세기를 전후하여 이주한 한국민족들은 중국사회에서 새로운 생활터전을 마련해왔다. 최근 중국과의 교류확대에 따른 중국인 및 중국사회에 대한 관심증대는 중국에 거주하는 우리민족의 존재를 새롭게 확인시켜주고 있다. 중국조선족들에 대한 관심은 공동운명체로서 민족통합에 대한 열망 뿐 아니라 새로운 관계설정을 모색하는 중국과 의 교류에서도 중요하게 인식되고 있다. 본 연구에서 볼 때 한국인과 중국조선족들의 가치인식은 유사한 경향이 지배적이지만 차이점들도 제법 존재한다. 중국조선족들은 비록 중국사회에서 거주하지만 한국민족으로서의 특징을 유지하며, 민족적 자부심을 견지하고 있다. 한국인들도 중국조선족에 대해서 동일민족으로서 강한 민족적 정체감을 갖고 있다. 비록 장시간의 교류부재로 인한 상호이해부족과 사회적 거리감이 존재하지만 크게 우려할 수준은 아니다. 중국사회 및 중국인들에 대해 한국인들과 조선족들 사이에 차이가 확인되었다. 한국인들은 중국사회에 대해 부정적인 반면 조선족들이 긍정적인 견해가 지배적이다. 중국인들에 대해서도 중국조선족들이 한국인에 비해 긍정적인 태도를 보여주고 있다. 또한 한국인이나 중국조선족 모두 한중관계의 한중간의 선린우호관계의 확대와, 이 과정에서 조선족의 역할을 긍정적으로 기대한다. 특히 조선족들의 경우는 매우 강한 희망을 표출하여 한국인들과 대조를 이룬다. 본 연구는 중국조선족과 한국인의 민족적 통합은 희망적임을 암시한다. 또한 한국인들의 중국과의 관계설정시 중국사회에 대한 보다세심한 주의를 요구한다. 그리고 한중간의 관계중대시 중국조선족이 큰 역할을 할 것으로 여겨진다. 그리고 이러한 과제들의 달성을 위해서는 상호간의 교류확대와 이해증진이 필수적인 것으로 확인되었다. Because of Newly emerging relationship between Korea and China, we are interested in China and Chinese-Korean. Although their immegration history on Chinese land isn't long, Chinese-Korean are successfuly settled as a minority group. According to survey, Chinese-Korean identify themselves with Korean very strongly, and so do Korean. But, Korean and Chinese-Korean have different views of Chinese Society and Chinese. Chinese-Korean have more positive attitudes of Chinese society and Chinese than Korean. Chinese-Korean and Korean are expecting more close relationships between Korea and China. Also, they hope for much roles of Chines-Korean for the development of Korea and China. Chinese-Korean want to be identified as a Korean and expect themself to do some roles for Korea. However there is a social distance in the relations between Korean and Chinese-Korean because of different social experiences for the past 50 years. It is necessary to narrow e gap between them in terms of social distance. This Survey have some implications. First, national reunion of Korean and Chinese-Korean isn't very difficult until now. So we are required of more real steps in order to achieve national integration and development. Second, We don't know Chinese society and Chinese in detail. So making a new relationship with China, we need more careful examination and provision.
Simple sequence repeat marker development from Codonopsis lanceolata and genetic relation analysis
Kim, Serim,Jeong, Ji Hee,Chung, Hee,Kim, Ji Hyeon,Gil, Jinsu,Yoo, Jemin,Um, Yurry,Kim, Ok Tae,Kim, Tae Dong,Kim, Yong-Yul,Lee, Dong Hoon,Kim, Ho Bang,Lee, Yi The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2016 식물생명공학회지 Vol.43 No.2
In this study, we developed 15 novel polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers by SSR-enriched genomic library construction from Codonopsis lanceolata. We obtained a total of 226 non-redundant contig sequences from the assembly process and designed primer sets. These markers were applied to 53 accessions representing the cultivated C. lanceolata in South Korea. Fifteen markers were sufficiently polymorphic, and were used to analyze the genetic relationships between the cultivated C. lanceolata. One hundred three alleles of the 15 SSR markers ranged from 3 to 19 alleles at each locus, with an average of 6.87. By cluster analysis, we detected clear genetic differences in most of the accessions, with genetic distance varying from 0.73 to 0.93. Phylogenic analysis indicated that the accessions that were collected from the same area were distributed evenly in the phylogenetic tree. These results indicate that there is no correlative genetic relationship between geographic areas. These markers will be useful in differentiating C. lanceolata genetic resources and in selecting suitable lines for a systemic breeding program.
김춘수의 ‘무의미시’에 드러나는 헤테로토피아 연구- 『처용단장』을 중심으로-
김지율(Kim, Ji-Yul) 우리문학회 2023 우리文學硏究 Vol.- No.79
이 논문은 김춘수의 무의미시의 대표작이라고 할 수 있는 『처용단장』에 드러나는 헤테로토피아의 특징을 고찰하고자 한다. ‘무의미시’와 헤테로토피아는 통사법뿐만 아니라 어떤 공통의 장소로 규명하기 불가능한 언어를 기본으로 하며 탈중심적이고 혼종적인 사유와 깊게 관계된다. 시적 체험들이 언어적 상상력을 통해 텍스트 공간에 생성될 때 이 장소는 시인의 내밀한 자의식으로서의 상징성을 띠게 되는데 김춘수의 ‘무의미시’에서는 이러한 장소의 알레고리가 혼종적 언어의 상상력을 바탕으로 드러난다. 『처용단장』의 ‘고향’과 ‘감옥’이라는 영원과 일탈의 두 헤테로토피아는 시인의 반역사와 탈이데올로기적 관점을 구현하는 장소로써 기존의 관념이나 논리적인 의미를 부정하는 무의미시의 특징들을 구체적으로 드러내고 있다. 이것은 ‘네그티브한’ 현실이 하나의 단일한 의미로 환원될 수 없듯이 현실의 ‘다른 장소’로서 혼종성을 지향하는 헤테로토피아와 긴밀하게 연동될 때 미적 실천의 방법론으로서 무의미시가 더 부각된다는 것을 알 수 있다. This study aims to examine the characteristics of heterotopia manifested in “Cheoyongdanjang,” which can be considered as a representative work of Kim Choon-Soo’s Nonsense Poetry. ‘Nonsense Poetry’ and heterotopia are deeply intertwined, as they rely on language that cannot be determined by conventional syntax and defy any fixed or identifiable location. They are characterized by a decentered and hybridized mode of thinking that is closely related. When poetic experiences are generated in the textual space through linguistic imagination, this space symbolizes the poet’s profound self-consciousness. In Kim Choon-Soo’s Nonsense Poetry, the allegory of such a space is revealed through the imaginative power of hybridized language. In Kim Choon-Soo’s 『Cheoyongdanjang』 the two heterotopias of “hometown” and “prison” represent eternal and transgressive spaces that embody the poet’s history of rebellion and his anti-ideological perspective. These spaces vividly reveal the characteristics of Nonsense Poetry, which rejects conventional notions and logical meanings. methodology of aesthetic practice when it closely intertwines with heterotopia, which embraces hybridity as an alternative space that cannot be reduced to a singular meaning, just as the “negative” reality cannot be reduced to a single unified meaning.
Kim, Jae Yul,Jang, Ji-Wook,Youn, Duck Hyun,Kim, Eun Sun,Choi, Sun Hee,Shin, Tae Joo,Lee, Jae Sung The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Green chemistry Vol.15 No.12
<P>Extraordinarily high selectivity (80–93%) for the oxyfunctionalization of the terminal methyl group was discovered in the photocatalytic selective oxidation of dodecane with molecular oxygen in a continuous flow system under mild gas phase reaction conditions over mesoporous TiO<SUB>2</SUB>–SiO<SUB>2</SUB> mixed oxide photocatalysts. The oxygenated hydrocarbon products were mainly aldehydes with carboxylic acids and ketones as minor products. By dispersing most of the Ti atomically in a tetrahedral coordination in a SiO<SUB>2</SUB> matrix, the oxygenated products were stabilized by diluting contiguous Ti sites present on the surface of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> particles. The preferential oxidation of the terminal methyl group was ascribed to the extensive C–C bond breaking by photogenerated holes prior to oxyfunctionalization.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Extraordinarily high selectivity (80–93%) for the oxyfunctionalization of the terminal methyl group was discovered in the photocatalytic oxidation of dodecane over mesoporous Ti/Si mixed oxide photocatalysts. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3gc41343h'> </P>
Ji, Hyeonso,Kim, Sung-Ryul,Kim, Yul-Ho,Kim, Hakbum,Eun, Moo-Young,Jin, Il-Doo,Cha, Young-Soon,Yun, Doh-Won,Ahn, Byung-Ohg,Lee, Myung Chul,Lee, Gang-Seob,Yoon, Ung-Han,Lee, Jung-Sook,Lee, Yeon-Hee,Suh, Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 The Plant journal Vol.61 No.1
<P>Summary</P><P>Although susceptibility to seed shattering causes severe yield loss during cereal crop harvest, it is an adaptive trait for seed dispersal in wild plants. We previously identified a recessive shattering locus, <I>sh-h</I>, from the rice shattering mutant line Hsh that carries an enhanced abscission layer. Here, we further mapped <I>sh-h</I> to a 34-kb region on chromosome 7 by analyzing 240 F<SUB>2</SUB> plants and five F<SUB>3</SUB> lines from the cross between Hsh and Blue&Gundil. Hsh had a point mutation at the 3′ splice site of the seventh intron within LOC_Os07g10690, causing a 15-bp deletion of its mRNA as a result of altered splicing. Two transferred DNA (T-DNA) insertion mutants and one point mutant exhibited the enhanced shattering phenotype, confirming that LOC_Os07g10690 is indeed the <I>sh-h</I> gene. RNA interference (RNAi) transgenic lines with suppressed expression of this gene exhibited greater shattering. This gene, which encodes a protein containing a conserved carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) phosphatase domain, was named <I>Oryza sativa CTD phosphatase-like 1</I> (<I>OsCPL1</I>). Subcellular localization and biochemical analysis revealed that the OsCPL1 protein is a nuclear phosphatase, a common characteristic of metazoan CTD phosphatases involved in cell differentiation. These results demonstrate that OsCPL1 represses differentiation of the abscission layer during panicle development.</P>