Antitumor therapeutic and antimetastatic activity of electroporation-delivered human papillomavirus 16 E7 DNA vaccines: a possible mechanism for enhanced tumor control.

Lee, In Hee,Park, Jae-Bok,Cheong, Minseon,Choi, Youn Seok,Park, Daehan,Sin, Jeong-Im Mary Ann Liebert, Inc 2011 DNA and Cell Biology Vol.30 No.12

<P>DNA vaccines are known to be lacking in immunogenicity in humans. Presently, electroporation (EP) is thought to overcome this limitation. Here, we investigate whether human papillomavirus 16 E7 DNA vaccines delivered by EP might elicit potent antitumor activity in animal cervical cancer models, with a focus on the underlying mechanism(s). Intramuscular (IM)-EP delivery of E7 DNA vaccines induced more potent antitumor therapeutic and antimetastatic activity compared with IM delivery. Moreover, the tumor-controlled animals by IM-EP possessed long-term memory responses to parental tumor cells. This improved antitumor effect was concomitant with augmented Ag-specific CTL activities. IM-EP also induced IgG and Th-cell responses higher than IM delivery. Finally, IM-EP resulted in more antigen production in and more attraction of immune cells into the site of DNA injection, suggesting that these biological and immunological changes made by IM-EP might be responsible for enhanced CTL activities and antitumor resistance. Thus, this study shows that IM-EP can induce more potent antitumor activity by augmenting CTL responses possibly through more antigen production in and more attraction of immune cells into the muscle sites. This study also suggests that IM-EP of E7 DNA vaccines might be a potential approach toward treating patients with cervical cancer.</P>

갱년기 여성의 호르몬 대치 요법에 대한 수용율

이임순,장진영,이정재,이순곤,이권해,이해혁,김승형 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.2

Purpose: We have evaluated the compliance of hormone replacement therapy. Method: There are 185 climacteric women who are divided into three groups (Group I, Group II, Group III). Group I is given conjugated equine estrogen(CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA, 5mg, day 1-12). Group II is given conjugated equine estrogen (CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA, 2.5mg, day 1-30), Group III is given only conjugated equine estrogen(CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30). Results: 1) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during three months is 77.9% including each Group I : 77.7%, Group Ⅱ : 76.1%, Group Ⅲ :80.4%. 2) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during six months is 60.7% including each Group Ⅰ:52.9%, Group Ⅱ: 56.4%, Group Ⅲ: 79.5%. 3) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during nine months is 49.7% including each Group Ⅰ: 45.5%, Group Ⅱ:41.7%, Group Ⅲ: 64.3%. 4) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during a year is 44.4% including each Group Ⅰ: 40.2%, Group Ⅱ:35.3%, Group Ⅲ: 59.5%. Conclusion : It is vital that we maximize compliance if patients are to receive the full benefits from hormone replacement therapy. We think that physicians who prescribe hormone replacement therapy for climacteric women should enough explain the purpose, risks, and side effect of treatment for maximizing compliance of hormone replacement therapy.

자궁내 태아사망의 임상적 고찰

이권해,이정재,조현철,이석민,이임순,이해혁,김권대,이순곤,남계현 순천향의학연구소 1999 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.5 No.2

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate diagnosis and complication, prognosis during clinical study of cases of intrauterine fetal death. Methods and materials: This is a clinical study of 56 cases of the intrauterine fetal death among 8064 deliveries at Seoul Sunchunhyang university hospital during 5 years from January, 1994 to December, 1998. Results: The incidence was 0.7%. The age distribution of mothers was 18 - 44 years and was highest in the 25 - 29 years range(46.4%). The parity was the most highest in the nulliparous group(51.8%). The most common gestational weeks was 20 - 28 weeks gestational period(46.4%), and most common presentation was cephalic(73.5%). The most common weights of the intrauterine fetal death was from 5,00gm to 1,000g(48.2%). The mode of the most common delivery was the induction of delivery(57.2%). The etiologic factors were: unknown(42.9%), preeclampsia(17.9%), chorioamnionitis(14.3%), congenital anomaly(12.5%), abruptio placenta(7.1%), cord complication(3.6%), placenta previa, death of one for twin. There were 2 cases of maternal complication(DIC, Uterine atony). Conclusion : Intrauterine fetal death should be diagnosised early and treated properly to reduce risk of the maternal complication.

Improvements of phosphorescent white OLEDs performance for lighting application.

Lee, Jonghee,Chu, Hye Yong,Lee, Jeong-Ik,Song, Ki-Im,Lee, Su Jin American Scientific Publishers 2008 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.8 No.10

<P>We developed white OLED device with high power efficiency, in which blue and orange phosphorescent emitters were used. By introduction of multi-functional interlayer which has partial doping of orange dopant inside EBL, we report WOLEDs with peak external efficiencies up to (14.1% EQE, 31.3 Im/W) without light out-coupling technique. At 1000 cd/m2, the performance achieved was 11.9% EQE, 18.7 Im/W with CIE = (0.39, 0.44). We also found that WOLED performances are related with doping ratio of the orange dopant that was inserted inside EBL.</P>

조산의 예측 지표로서의 fetal fibronectin의 유용성

정집광,이해혁,이정재,이석민,이순곤,남계현,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical efficacy of fetal fibronectin as a marker to predictor of preterm labor. Materials & Methods: The study group consisted of sixty-eight healthy pregnant women, at gestational age between 24 and 36 weeks, who visited our department with vaginal discharge from April, 1995 to December, 1997. For comparison, we divided all of the pregnant women into two groups by the result of ROM-Check^®, positive groups(N=21) and negative groups(N=47). When preterm labor appeared, 50mg of ritodrine hydrochloride(Yutopar^®) mixed I liter of 5% dextrose solution was administered slowly intravenously. Results: 1) The gestational age at delivery and the interval time from admission to delivery in the positive groups were significantly shorter than those of the negative groups(p<0.05). 2) The positive groups had significantly lower birth weight and Apgar scores than the negative groups(p<0.05). 3) Among the negative groups, in case of tocolytics administration, the interval time from admission to delivery significantly delayed more than that time in case of no tocolytics administration(p<0.05). Conclusions: The detection of the fetal fibronectin in vaginal discharge had a useful method as a predictor of preterm labor. Tocolytics was more effective in the negative groups than in the positive groups.

[18F]FDG PET을 이용한 강박증 환자에서 뇌 포도당 대사의 이상에 관한 연구

권준수,이동우,이재성,최정임,이동수,정준기,조맹제,이명철,류인균 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.2

연구목적: 강박증에 대한 기능적 뇌영상 연구들에서 강박증 환자들의 안와전두엽과 미상핵의 대사율 증가 소견이 비교적 일과되게 발표되어 왔으며, 전두-피질하 회로의 이상이라는 이론이 수립되기도 하였다. 그러나 기존의 연구들은 강박증의 유병기간에 따른 구분없이 시행된 연구였고, 영상분석 방법에 있어서도 관심영역 방법을 이용했다는 한계를 지니고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 강박증의 유병기간에 따라 환자군을 구분하여 PET 영상소견을 분석함으로써 유병 기간에 따른 차이가 있는지를 조사하였으며, 둘째, 강바증 환자의 포도당 양전자방출 단층촬영(18-Fluor-deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography : FDG-PET) 영상분석에 통계적 매개변수 지도법(Statistical Parametric Mapping : SPM)을 이용함으로써 강박증의 병인기전 및 강박증상과 뇌기능 간의 관계를 명확히 규명하고자 하였다. 방법: 구조적 면담도구(Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV : SCID-IV)를 적용하여 진단된 12명의 강박증 환자들과 10명의 정상 대조군에 대해 FDG-PET을 촬영하여 SPM으로 분석하였다. PET 촬영 전 적어도 4주 동안에는 약물복용을 하지 않은 상태였다. 결과: 1) 환자군과 대조군의 비교 : 강박증 환자군은 대조군에 비해 양측 두정 영역의 대사율이 유의하게 감소되어 있었으며(P<0.01). 대사증가를 보인 영역은 없었다. 강박증의 유병기간이 10년 이상인 만성강박증 환자 4명은 양측 안와전두엽에서 유의한 대사증가 소견을 보였으며(P<0.01), 양측 두정영역에서 유의한 대사감소 소견을 보였다 (P<0.01), 유병기간이 10년 이하인 환자에서는 전체 환자군의 분석에서와 마찬가지로 대조군에 비해 유의한 대사증가 소견을 보인 영역은 없었으며, 양측 두정엽 부위에서 유 의한 대사 감소 소견을 보였다.(P<0.01). 2) 강박증상의 심각도와의 상관관계 분석 : 우측 두정엽의 대사율은 강박장애 척도 점수와 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(p<0.01), 양측 시상 영역의 대사율은 예일-브라운 강박장애 척도의 강박장애척도 점수와 유의한 양의 상관관계(p<0.01)를 보였다. 결론: 본 연구는 결과는 기존의 연구들에서 보고된 안와전두엽의 대사 증가 소견이 강박증의 만성화로 인해 나타나는 2차적 장애이며, 두정엽의 대사 저하가 보다 1차적인 장애일 가능성을 시사한다. Baxter가 수립한 전두-피질하 회로 이론은 두정엽의 이상을 포함하는 전두-두정엽 복합체 이론으로 확장되어야 할 것이다. Objectives: Functional imaging studies on obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) subjects have repeatedly reported increased metabolism in orbitofrontal lobes and caudate nucleus, resulting in the "frontal-subcortical" circuit abnormality theory. Limitations of the previous studies to date include little consideration for the duration of illness, and the use of regions of interest methods, as an image analysis method. Our study objectives are 1) to include the duration of illness as an important study variable, and 2) to use Statistical Parametric Mapping(SPM) method in order to tap relations between the brain function and the psychopathology and symptoms of OCD. Methods: The [18] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(FDG-PET) scans of OCD subjects and normal comparison subjects, as diagnosed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV(SCID-IV), were analyzed using SPM. Results: 1) Comparison of OCD and control groups : OCD subjects had significantly decreased metabolism in both parietal lobes and didn't have any areas of increased metabolism in comparison to comparison subjects(p.<0.01). four OCD subjects with the illness duration of 10 years or longer, had significantly increased metabolism in both orbitofrontal lobes<p<0.01). OCD subjects whose illness duration is shorter than 10 years didn't have any areas of increased metabolism and had significantly decreased parietal lobe metabolism, as in the analyses of all subjects(p<0.01). 2) Correlation analysis between areas and symptom severity : Metabolism of both thalamic sreas showed significant positive correlation with Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale(Y-BOCS) scores(p<0.01). Metabolism of right parietal area showed significant negative corre lation with Y-BOCS scores(p<0.01). Conclusions: The current findings suggest that the increased metabolism in orbitofrontal lobe, previously rported, may be a secondary phenomenon due to the extended illness dur- ation and that decreased metabolism in the parietal lobes are primary abnormality in OCD subjects. Thus Baxter's fronto-subcortical circuit theory should be extended into "fronto-pari-etal" complex theory, which includes the parietal lobes.

전치태반의 임상적 고찰

정갑인,이해혁,이효환,유정완,남계현,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

Objective : Our purpose was to make preparations of what for proper emergency care and delivery in order to improve maternal and fetal well-being. Methods : The study was undertaken for the clinical evaluation and statistical analysis on the patients with placenta previa who had been admitted and delivered at Soonchunhyang University Hospital from January, 1994 to May, 1998, retrospectively. Results : The incidence of placenta previa was 2.0%. Placenta previa has occurred more often in multigravida(92%) than primigravida(8%). Vaginal bleeding was most frequent(37.3%) presentation. The mean gestational age at the first bleeding episode was 31~35 weeks(46.4%). The type of placenta previa was totalis (31.3%), Partialis(18%), marginalis(32.7%), low lying(18%). Conclusion . This study indicates that the obstetrician and the pediatrician should be prepared for emergency care and delivery of the placenta previa patients, with the improvement of delivery room and neonatal intensive care unit.

자궁선근증의 고찰

조환성,이해혁,정성윤,김성욱,이순곤,남계현,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Objective: This study was designed to estimate the frequency and risk factor for edenomyosis Methods: The clinical records of 623 women undergoing hysterectomy were retrieved in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, during 5 years, from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1999. Results: The following result were obtained. 1. Adenomyosis was found in 247 of 623 patients(39.6%) 2. The highest incidence was 40-49 years of age group, an incidence of 46.6% and mean age was 44.7 years. 3. Adenomyosis was more frequently observed in parous women than non-parous women, such as 93.1% and 6.9%, respectively. 4. Dysmenorrhea, metrorrhagia, pelvic pain and vaginal bleeding were common symptom of adenomyosis, an incidence of 28.7%, 19.0%, 18.2% and 16.2%, respectively. 5. Myoma was the most combined disease in adenomyosis, showing the incidence of 54.7%. 6. Grossly, the size of uterus was enlarged more than 10 weeks gestational size in adenomyosis, an incidence of 61.9%. 7. Preoperative diagnostic accuracy of adenomyosis was 6.9%. Conclusion: The results show that deeply understanding of the common symptoms and epidemiology of adenomyosis improve the preoperative diagnostic accuracy.

2차원 및 3차원 초음파를 이용한 태아표면의 해부학적 선별 검사에 관한 연구

윤석범,이해혁,이정재,최경훈,이순곤,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

Objective : Our purpose of this study was to determine the clarity and consuming time of fetal surface screening in thirty-eight fetuses from 24 to 32 weeks of gestation by use of two and three-dimensional ultrasonography. Methods : From May 1998 to July 1998, we performed the fetal surface screening of the fetal face, extremities, and spine. Thirty-eight fetuses of 24-32 weeks of gestation (thirty-seven normal fetuses and one abnormal fetus) were studied by use two-dimensional (AI 5200S, 3.5-5.0MHz; Acoustic Imaging Technologic Cooperation, U.S.A.) and three-dimensional ultrasonography (Volusion 530D, 3.5-5.0 MHz ; Kretz-Medicine, Korea). On the fetal face, we evaluated both orbits, nose, lips and brow. Both hands and feet, five digits and toes should be seen in this study. We evaluated cervical spine and lumbosacral junction of the spine. Results : The maternal average age of 38 patients was 29.9 years and the average gestational age was 29.7 weeks. The results of fetal surface screening were as follows : face (both orbits 89.5%, lips 92.1%, nose 92.1%, and brow 89.5%), extremities (both hands 68.4% and feet 73.7%), and spine (cervical spine 94.7% and lumbosacral junction 97.4%) by use of two-dimensional ultrasonography. By use of three-dimensional ultrasonography, results were as follows : face (both orbits 76.3%, lips 81.6%, nose 81.6%, and brow 78.9%), extremities (both hands 76.3% and feet 78.9%), and spine (cervical spine 71.1% and lumbosacral junction 73.7%). Consuming time for two-dimensional ultrasonography were 4.7 minutes for face, 11.6 minutes for extremities, and 5.7 minutes for spine. Using three-dimensional ultrasonography results were 12.8 minutes for face, 17.9 minutes for extremities, and 11.7 minutes for spine. Average consuming time of all fetal anatomic screening was 22.0 and 42.4 minutes by use of two and three dimensional ultrasonography. In one abnormal fetus had cleft lip and polydactyly of right foot which were detected all by three-dimensional ultrasonography, but we couldn't detect the polydactyly by two-dimensional ultrasonography. Conclusion : Three-dimensional ultrasonography was more time-consuming method, but we suggested that three-dimensional ultrasonography was superior than two-dimensional ultrasonography in fetal surface screening.

임신 제 일삼분기와 제 이삼분기 초음파의 태아기형 진단의 유용성에 대한 고찰

최승도,최규연,이정재,정성윤,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.2

Objective: Ultrasonographic screening between 9 and 13 weeks for fetal structural abnormalities using transvaginal sonography in unselected population. Visualization of detailed fetal anatomy in the first trimester has improved as a result of technological progress in ultrasound machines and the introduction of transvaginal sonography(TVS). Our study aims to evaluate the accuracy of TVS as a screening tool for detecting fetal malformations in a nonselected population of pregnant women. For this purpose we compared the results obtained by using second trimesster TA scanning with those obtained using TVS at 9-14 weeks' gestation. Methods: From March 2001 to February 2003, 620 unselected consecutive pregnant women were recruited at their initial visit at Soonchunhyang university hospital, department of obstetrics and gynecology and offered a TVS scan at the average gestational age of 9-13 weeks in addition to the TA screening usually performed between 22-26 weeks. To fulfill the technical requirements of a screening test, ultrasonographic examinations were performed by skillful operators with different degrees of experienced using adequate instruments Aloka SSD 5500 (Aloka Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) provided with either a 3.5-5MHz TA probe or a 5-7.5MHZ TV probe) in a fixed scanning time of maximum 30 min, generally considered sufficient for a complete fetal anatomic survey. Results: During the study period we found in our unselected population an overall prevalence of target abnormalities of 2.2%(24 malformed fetuses out of 600 screened). In the fetuses examined by TVS, 16 abnormalities were detected whereas 8 were not; of these, 6 were detected at transabdominal rescreening at 22-26 weeks and the remaining 2 were observed after birth. A nuchal region abnormality was the most frequent type of malformation detected in the early scan, including six cases of nuchal edema, two cases of cystic hygroma associated with hygroma associated with hydrops, three cases of hydronephrosis, one case of fetal neck teratoma, one case of cleft lip. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the potential of screening a low risk population for fetal abnormalities at 9-13 weeks of gestation using transvaginal sonography and rescreened via transabdominal sonography at 22-26 weeks. Larger studies are required to establish the clinical value of the first trimester scan.