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Small molecules enable OCT4-mediated direct reprogramming into expandable human neural stem cells
Zhu, Saiyong,Ambasudhan, Rajesh,Sun, Woong,Kim, Hyun Jung,Talantova, Maria,Wang, Xiaojing,Zhang, Mingliang,Zhang, Yu,Laurent, Timothy,Parker, James,Kim, Han-Seop,Zaremba, Jeffrey D,Saleem, Sofiyan,San Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2014 Cell research Vol.24 No.1
A study on the law on maritime bankruptcy in China
( James Zhengliang Hu ),( Li Zhu ) 고려대학교 법학연구원 2019 The Asian Business Lawyer Vol.23 No.-
As there is no special provision on maritime bankruptcy in Chinese law, maritime bankruptcy is mainly governed by the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law of 2006 and the judicial interpretation thereof promulgated by the Supreme People’s Court. Based upon the features of China’s shipping industry and the Hanjin Shipping bankruptcy, the potential pros and cons of China’s adoption of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross- Border Insolvency are evaluated from the perspective of the shipping industry. The findings show that currently it is not advisable for China to adopt the Model Law as it is not conducive to its national overall economic interests and the protection of domestic creditors. However, China needs to improve the cross-border insolvency legal regime in its Enterprise Bankruptcy Law by reference to the advanced contents of the Modal Law in the premise of China’s reality.
Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide Transistors with Single-Atom-Thick Gates
Zhu, Yibo,Li, Yijun,Arefe, Ghidewon,Burke, Robert A.,Tan, Cheng,Hao, Yufeng,Liu, Xiaochi,Liu, Xue,Yoo, Won Jong,Dubey, Madan,Lin, Qiao,Hone, James C. American Chemical Society 2018 NANO LETTERS Vol.18 No.6
<P>Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are unique candidates for the development of next-generation electronic devices. However, the large contact resistance between metal and the monolayer TMDs have significantly limited the devices’ performance. Also, the integration of ultrathin high-<I>k</I> dielectric layers with TMDs remains difficult due to the lack of dangling bonds on the surface of TMDs. We present monolayer molybdenum disulfide field-effect transistors with bottom local gates consisting of monolayer graphene. The atomic-level thickness and surface roughness of graphene facilitate the growth of high-quality ultrathin HfO<SUB>2</SUB> and suppress gate leakage. Strong displacement fields above 8 V/nm can be applied using a single graphene gate to electrostatically dope the MoS<SUB>2</SUB>, which reduces the contact resistances between Ni and monolayer MoS<SUB>2</SUB> to 2.3 kΩ·μm at low gate voltages. The devices exhibit excellent switching characteristics including a near-ideal subthreshold slope of 64 millivolts per decade, low threshold voltage (∼0.5 V), high channel conductance (>100 μS/μm), and low hysteresis. Scaled devices with 50 and 14 nm channels as well as ultrathin (5 nm) gate dielectrics show effective immunity to short-channel effects. The device fabricated on flexible polymeric substrate also exhibits high performance and has a fully transparent channel region that is desirable in optical-related studies and practical applications.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Improved fission neutron energy discrimination with <sup>4</sup>He detectors through pulse filtering
Zhu, Ting,Liang, Yinong,Rolison, Lucas,Barker, Cathleen,Lewis, Jason,Gokhale, Sasmit,Chandra, Rico,Kiff, Scott,Chung, Heejun,Ray, Heather,Baciak, James E.,Enqvist, Andreas,Jordan, Kelly A. Elsevier 2017 Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Vol.848 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This paper presents experimental and computational techniques implemented for <SUP>4</SUP>He gas scintillation detectors for induced fission neutron detection. Fission neutrons are produced when natural uranium samples are actively interrogated by 2.45MeV deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction neutrons. Fission neutrons of energies greater than 2.45MeV can be distinguished by their different scintillation pulse height spectra since <SUP>4</SUP>He detectors retain incident fast neutron energy information. To enable the preferential detection of fast neutrons up to 10MeV and suppress low-energy event counts, the detector photomultiplier gain is lowered and trigger threshold is increased. Pile-up and other unreliable events due to the interrogating neutron flux and background radiation are filtered out prior to the evaluation of pulse height spectra. With these problem-specific calibrations and data processing, the <SUP>4</SUP>He detector's accuracy at discriminating fission neutrons up to 10MeV is improved and verified with <SUP>252</SUP>Cf spontaneous fission neutrons. Given the <SUP>4</SUP>He detector's ability to differentiate fast neutron sources, this proof-of-concept active-interrogation measurement demonstrates the potential of special nuclear materials detection using a <SUP>4</SUP>He fast neutron detection system.</P>
Jacob, Chaim O,Zhu, Jiankun,Armstrong, Don L,Yan, Mei,Han, Jie,Zhou, Xin J,Thomas, James A,Reiff, Andreas,Myones, Barry L,Ojwang, Joshua O,Kaufman, Kenneth M,Klein-Gitelman, Marisa,McCurdy, Deborah,Wa National Academy of Sciences 2009 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.106 No.15
<P>A combined forward and reverse genetic approach was undertaken to test the candidacy of IRAK1 (interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-1) as an X chromosome-encoded risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In studying approximately 5,000 subjects and healthy controls, 5 SNPs spanning the IRAK1 gene showed disease association (P values reaching 10(-10), odds ratio >1.5) in both adult- and childhood-onset SLE, in 4 different ethnic groups, with a 4 SNP haplotype (GGGG) being strongly associated with the disease. The functional role of IRAK1 was next examined by using congenic mouse models bearing the disease loci: Sle1 or Sle3. IRAK1 deficiency abrogated all lupus-associated phenotypes, including IgM and IgG autoantibodies, lymphocytic activation, and renal disease in both models. In addition, the absence of IRAK1 reversed the dendritic cell 'hyperactivity' associated with Sle3. Collectively, the forward genetic studies in human SLE and the mechanistic studies in mouse models establish IRAK1 as a disease gene in lupus, capable of modulating at least 2 key checkpoints in disease development. This demonstration of an X chromosome gene as a disease susceptibility factor in human SLE raises the possibility that the gender difference in SLE may in part be attributed to sex chromosome genes.</P>
Fan-Qin Meng,Mei-Chun Zhu,G. Charles Clifton,Kingsley U. Ukanwa,James B.P. Lim 국제구조공학회 2021 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.41 No.1
The steel-reinforced concrete-filled steel tubular column (SRCFT) is a new form of composite columns. Before widely accepted in engineering practice, its fire behaviour shall be fully understood. Four representative circular SRCFT stub columns were built and tested to failure under ISO fire herein. The tests explored the effect of reinforced steel, the internal or external heating condition and load ratios. The experimental results indicated that the inserted section steel significantly improved the fire resistance of circular SRCFT columns. The non-uniform fire condition did not produce a detrimental effect on the fire response of the specimen. The numerical model was developed and validated against the experimental results. Then a parametric study was present to evaluate the effect of load level, eccentricity and heating conditions. A comparison was made to check the accuracy of a widely accepted design method. The comparison indicated the design method was generally 36% conservative for axially loaded condition and 25% un-conservative for eccentrically loaded condition.