담수지에서의 식물성 Plankton 군집의 계절적 변동에 관한 연구 : Study on Phytoplankton Population Dynamics in Two Reservoirs

현재선,양승원 서울대학교농과대학농업개발연구소 1989 서울대농학연구지 Vol.14 No.2

This study was carried out to examine the seasonal changes of abiotic factors and characteristics of phytoplanktonic community to investigate the probable casual relationship between them at two reservoirs near Suweon City during the period from August 1987 to July 1989. 1. Caracteristics of physical and chemical factors. 1-1. The water temperatures were higher at Ilweol reservior than at Uncheon reservoir throughout the year with exception January and February, 1988. 1-2. The dissolved oxygen concentrations (ppm) and its saturations were higher at Ilweol reservoir than Ucheon reservoir in spring and fall, but low in winter. 1-3. The average concentrations of NH₄-N (ppm) were about 2 times higher at Ilweol reservoir, than at Ucheon reservoir and 15 times at the winter peak. 1-4. The concentrations of PO₄-P (ppm) were so as NH₄-N, but its absolute concentrations and variation were lower than NH₄-N. 1-5. The values of pH were slightly higher at Ilweol reservoir than at Ucheon reservoir, low in winter and increased toward summer. 2. Characteristics of phytoplanktonic community. 2-1. The total species identified were 209 species in 84 genera; 149 species in 48 genera at Ilweol reservoir, and 182 species in 66 genera at Ucheon reservoir. Reservoir-specific species were 29 species in 18 genera at Ilweol reservoir, and 59 species in 36 genera at Ucheon reservoir. 2-2. The average densities of the phytoplankton were greater at Ilweol reservoir than at Ucheon reservoir, and so in vaiations. 2-3. In general, the dominant plankton groups were green algae for Ilweol reservoir and diatom for Ucheon reservoir during the study. 2-4. Dominance indicies were greater at Ilweol reservoir than at Ucheon reservoir. While species diversity indicies (Shannon, Evenness, Richness indicies) were greater at Ucheon reservoir than at Ilweol reservoir throughout the year. 2-5. Cyclotella meneghiniana seems to be the common dominant species throughout the year in two reservoirs. The seasonal dominant species showed considerable difference between the two reservoirs, reflecting the difference in the conditions of mineral nutrients at two reservoirs. The relationship between the dominant species and the two mineral nutrientswas examined and found significant for NH₄-N, indicating to be more important than PO₄-P. 2-6. The dominant plankton genera were Oscillatoria, Anabaena, Microcystis, Merismopedia (blue-green algae), Scenedesmus, Micractinium, Ankistodesmus, Golenkinia (green algae), and Cyclotella (diatom) for Ilweol reservoir, while Synedra, Fragilaria, Tabellaria (diatom), Staurastrum, Characium, Pleurotaenium, Astrococcus, Chlorella(green- algae), and Oscillatoria (blue-green algae) for Ucheon reservoir.

사과를 加害하는 응애類 個體群 動態에 關한 硏究

玄在善,李順遠 서울大學校 農科大學 1985 서울대농학연구지 Vol.10 No.1

1982∼1984年 걸쳐 殺蟲劑와 殺비劑의 處理 및 地面雜草 管理를 달리 하면서, 食植性 응애類의 發生 및 密度變動과 이들의 主要天敵인 捕食性 응애類의 種類 및 活動狀況을 調査하여 다음과 같이 結果를 얻었다. 1. 사과응애는 5月부터 出現하여 7∼8月에 最高 密度에 達하고 以後 10月까지도 發生하였으나, 殺비劑撒布下에서는 대체로 年中 密度가 낮게 維推되었다. 2. 점박이응에는 前年度 越冬密度가 높을 경우에는 5月부터 樹上에 出現하고, 越冬密度가 거의 없을 경우에는 7月 以後에 近接한 棲息處에서 分散·移動하였고, 7∼8月에 급격히 密度가 增加되며, 9∼10月에도 繼續높은 密度를 維持하였다. 또한 殺비劑 處理後 密度回復이 일어나서 處理前보다 휠씬 높은 密度로 增加하는 傾向이 있었다. 3. 殺비劑를 地面撒布하거나 淸耕栽培를 하는 것이 本 試驗區 狀況下에서는 점박이응애의 樹上密度 抑制에 큰 影響을 주지 못하였으며, 捕食性 응애類에 대해서는 오히려 減少시키는 影響이 있었다. 4. 捕食性 응애로 Amblyseius longispinosus(Evans)와 Agistemus terminalis(Quayle) 두種이 發見되었으며 前者는 韓國에서 새로이 發見되었으며, A. longispinosus는 점박이응애에 좀더 效果的인 捕食응애였으나 環境條作에 따라 發生量에 큰 差異가 있었고, A. terminalis는 捕食效果는 낮은 반면에 比較的 安定된 發生相을 나타내어 今後 이들에 대한 評價가 要求된다. The purpose of this study was to examine the seasonal population dynamics of the two phytophagous mites ; two-spotted spider mite. Tetranychus urticae Koch, and European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), and to evaluate their predaceous mites in the apple orchard. The European red mite seemed to be minor pest, and it seemed to be effectively controlled by the acaricide application. But, the two-spotted spider mite seemed to be the most serious pest. Its density became high enough to require some control measures by middle or late July. There seemed to be common phenomenon of resurgence to the acaricide application in this mite, therefore its density gets the position of economic injury level in short time after treatment. The two-spotted spider mite also feeds on various broad leaf weeds growing under the apple tree in the spring, and later moves to apple tree when the nutritional conditions of the host and other cultural environments become unfavorable. Therefore, the population dynamics not only in the tree but also on the ground cover were important for effective control of the two-spotted spider mites. Two predaceous mites were found ; Amblyseius longispinosus (Evans), and Agistemus terminalis(Quayle). A. longispinosus was effective biological control agent to the two-spotted spider mite, but its density was highly variable with the management system from one plot to another, and from year to year. The density of A. terminalis was considerably high except on the pesticides treated plots, and seemed to be effective predator for the phytophagous mites after August.

環境條件이 다른 두 湖水에 있어서 植物性 Plankton 群集의 特性에 關한 硏究 : I.無機環境要因의 季節的 變動 I. Seasonal changes in abiotic factors

玄在善,黃淳珍 서울大學校 農科大學 1986 서울대농학연구지 Vol.11 No.1

This study was carried out to examine the seasonal changes in the abiotic conditions in two reservoirs on the outskirts of Suweon City. The water temperatures, dissolved oxygen,NH₄-N, PO₄-P, saturation rate of oxygen, and pH values throughout the period from September, 1984, to August, 1985, were measured. Ilweol reservair seems to have characteristics of eutrophic conditions than those of Ucheon reservoir in the examined conditions.

애멸구 發生의 地域的 特性 : -誘蛾燈資料의 統計的 特性-

玄在善 서울大學校 農科大學 1977 서울대농학연구지 Vol.2 No.2

The daily light trap catches of the smaller brown planthoppers from 1965 to 1976 in Korea were analysed in relation to the characteristics of the type of catches in various locations. Years with unreliable data were omitted and only locations with more than 500 annual catches of six or more years used. The results were as follows: 1. The annual catches of the insects and the per cents of the accumulated catches by the end of July were relatively low in the locations north to 37°in latitude, and it is suggested that it might be related with the lower population of the overwintered nymphs and delayed build up in populations. 2. It was noticed that some abnormal catches; unusually great numbers were caught on a day in comparison with those on the previous and on the next days, were observed in Daegu, Jincheon, Boeun, Sangju, which are located in the mountainous areas. 3. The per cents of the corrected data, which were calculated from the data excluding the abnormal catches, and the numbers of the insect on the previous and on the next days, to the actual catches and the per cents of the accumulated catches by the end of July to the annual ones were high in the far southern locations and early populations build up seemed to be fast. 4. The annual catches were smaller in the eastern parts than in the western locations of Taebaek Mountains. 5. The western areas of the Taebaek Mountains south to the 37°in latitude could be divided by Charyung, Noryung and Sobaek mountains, and the locations north to the Charyung Mountains had relatively low catching ratio by the end of July. The locations south to the Sobaek Mountains had greater annual catches and higher per cents of catches comparison to the north by the end of July, specially the per cents of the accmulated catches by the end of June were great. The plains between Charyung and Sobaek Mountains have intermediate types and considerably different in types among the locations. 6. Following types could be recognized in Korea. a. Northern type: North to 37°in latitude. b. Eastern type: Eastern parts of the Taebaek Mountains. c. Western type: Western parts of of the Taebaek Mountains: 1. Seosan type: North to the Charyung Mountains. 2. Honam plain type: Plain areas between the Charyung and Sobaek Mountains. 3. Southern coastal type: Coastal areas of southern sea. 4. Daegu type: Daegu inland areas.

푸드뱅크 기탁식품의 안전성 확보를 위한 HACCP 제도 적용

김철재,박현신,배현주,이지해,양일선,강혜승 한국식생활문화학회 2002 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.17 No.3

The purpose of this study was to analyze the problems arising from the actual conditions of the Foodbank, and to implement the HACCP system as a solution in terms of increasing the safety of donated food within the Foodbank. In order to apply HACCP system, the entire Foodbank working process such as preparation, collection, transportation, division, and distribution was considered and analyzed to decide the application point for CCPs. Donated foods mainly consisted of processed foods, raw materials, lunch boxes, and cooked foods from mass catering establishments, which dominated over the others in terms of quantity. Cooked foods were divided into three groups based on menu-types and processing methods. Temperature, pH, and aw were measured on cooked foods, and Total Plate Count, Coliforms, E. coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and E. coli O157:H7 were conducted in order to apply a HACCP plan. Form these experiments, temperature, pH, and aw of donated food were likely contributed to microbial growth. Donated foods before HACCP implementation showed high numbers in terms of total plate count and Coliforms, both well over the acceptable standard levels. By setting the CCPs on maintenance of donated food below 10℃ and using a 75 ℃ reheating method, microbiological hazard levels were able to be controlled and lowered. From these results, it is concluded that in order to guarantee food safety, foods donated to the Foodbank must not only maintain a reasonable level of initial microbiological growth, but also must be handled properly through time and temperature controls within the Foodbank system. Furthermore, in terms of implementing the HACCP plan within the Foodbank management structure, basic food safety and sanitation measures, such as reheating facilities and various cold chain systmes such as refrigerated vehicle for food transportation are importantly needed. The training and education of Foodbank personnel and management in areas such as awareness of hygiene and safe food handling and practice are also required and necessary.

環境條件이 다른 두 湖水에 있어서 植物成 Plankton 群集의 特性에 關한 硏究 : II. 植物性 Plankton 群集의 種構性 變動 Ⅱ. Seasonal changes in phytoplankton

黃淳珍,玄在善 서울大學校 農科大學 1986 서울대농학연구지 Vol.11 No.1

A study was made to examine some of the community characteristics of phytoplankton in two reservoirs, having different environmental conditions, on the outskirts of Suwon city, Kyonggi province. Monthly samples were taken from September, 1984, to August 1985, using Kemmlerer, except December, 1984. Total identified species of phytoplankton were 142 in 66 genera, and the numbers of species were 96 in 52 genera for Ilweol reservoir, and 117 species in 60 genera for Ucheon reservoir. The average densities of the phytoplankton were much greater in Ilweol reservoir than in Ucheon reservoir, and the differences were greater at the time of blooms. The blooms of phytoplankton were in May, July and September for Ilweol reservoir while they were in April, July and September for Ucheon reservoir. The dominant taxonomic groups were Oscillatoria, Anabaena, Microcystis, Merismopedia, Scenedesmus. Micractinium, Ankistrodesmus, Golenkinia and Cyclotela for Ilweol Reservoir. While they were Synedra, Fragilaria, Tabellaria, Staurastrum Characium, Pleurotaenium, Asterococcus, Chlorella, and Oscillatoria for Ucheon reservoir, depending on the Seasons. The dominance indices of phytoplankton were greater throughout the year at Ilweol reservoir, while species diversity components, Shanno-Weaver, evenness, and variety indices, were greater in Ucheon reservoir. From the results of the biological indicators in the phytoplankton species, Ilweol reservoir seemed to be already eutrophicated and Ucheon reservoir seemed to be on the way to the mesotrophic state.

니세틸 정(아세틸-엘-카르니틴 500 mg)에 대한 뉴로세틸 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,김은아,정현철,심영순,임동구,오인준,문재동,이용복 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), an endogenous component of the L-carnitine family, is naturally occurring molecule synthesized from L-carnitine (LC) by carnitine acetyl transferase. ALC has been shown to improve the cognitive performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type and proposed for treating Alzheimer's disease in pharmacological doses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ALC tablets, Nicetiler^TM (Dong-A pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Neurocetil^TM (Kyung-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration. Twenty six normal male volunteers, 22.80±2.76 year in age and 63.07 7.98㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 500㎎ of ALC was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of ALC in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Because of the presence of endogenous ALC, the calibration was performed using dialyzed serum. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_max and T_max between two tablets were 2.72%, -0.65% and -8.42%, respectively, when calculated against the Nicetile^TM tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_max were 94.87% and 87.17%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 15.58% and 19.16% AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -11.84∼6.41 and -10.57∼11.88 for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Neurocetil^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Nicetile^TM tablet.

마우스에서 조합시험법에 의한 고려홍삼의 생식발생독성 평가

김미라, 박동선, 장자영, 신선희, 이예은, 백인정, 연정민, 이세라 , 남상섭, 황방연, 노재섭, 김순선, 조대현, 남상윤, 이범준, 김윤배, 윤영원 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2006 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.7 No.1

본문참조

랫드에서 단일시험법을 이용한 반하 물추출물의 생식독성시험

이기남,유욱준,백인정,연정민,남상섭,이범준,남상윤,김윤배,강현규,안병우,김대중,황방연,노재섭,홍정섭,성하정,김순선,조대현,윤영원 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2006 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.7 No.1

본문참조

방사선 조사(照射) 이화명 나방의 교미능력 및 경쟁력에 관한 연구

Jai Sun Hyun,Joon Ryu,Kyu Hoi Chung,Shin Han Kwon 한국응용곤충학회 1972 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.11 No.1

방사선을 투사한 이화명나방의 교미능력 및 경쟁력 조사를 5-7령 번데기에 gamma선을 투사하여 조사하였다. 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 방사선 처리웅충과, 정상적인 수컷에 매일 새로운 미교미자충을 넣어 주었을 때 그들간에 교미 최고회수에는 유의차가 없었다. 2. 교미초일은 정상웅충의 경우 평소 1.5일이며 25.30Krad 처리웅충은 2.4일이었다. 교미 일 간격은 정상웅충이 1.3일인데 대하여 처리웅충은 3.0일이었으며 방사선 투사는 교미력에 영향이 있었다. 3. 정상웅충 1두에 정상자충 5두와 10두씩을 넣어서 정상웅충의 평균교미회수를 조사한 겨로가 1.2회와 2.5회이었다. 4. 교미경쟁력 실험에서 미교미자충 5두에 대하여 방사선 투사 웅충과 정상웅충의 비율을 1:0, 1:1, 2:1, 1:2, 5:1, 1:5, 0:1로 하였을 때 난부화 감소율은 5:1(30Krad)에서 최대의 감소를 보였으며 이때의 난부화율은 이었다. 5. 방사선 투사는 교미능력에 다소의 영향을 미치나 처리웅충에 의한 산란수 감소의 영향을 고려한다면 이화명충에서 웅성불임 기술의 이용은 가능할 것으로 생각된다. Five to seven day old pupae were irradiated with gamma rays, the mating ability, and competability of the irradiated males were examined. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. There is no difference in percentage of males that mated, nor in the maximum number of matings of the males, when individual matings were made, and fresh females were provided every day for his life time. 2. The average days for the first mating of the emerged were 1.5 days for the control, and 2.4 days for the males irradiated with 25 and 30 Krad. The average days between first and second mating were 3.0 days for the irradiated males, and 1.3 days for the control. 3. The average matings of a male were 1.2 and 2.5 times when 5 and 10 females were provided to a normal male respectively. No significant different in average numbers of mated female per male were observed between the normal and irradiated males. 4. To test the mating competitiveness of the irradiated and normal males (1:0, 1:1, 2:1, 1:2, 5:1, 1:5, 0:1) were confined together with five virgin females. The greatest reduction in hatching percentage was found with 5 : 1 : 1 (30 Krad) where was hatched.5, The results showed that the irradiated males were not fully competitive with normal males, but if the reduced number of eggs produced by the female mated with irradiated male is considered, it might be used sterile male techniques in rice stem borer control.