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병원급식에 일반위생관리기준과 HACCP 제도 적용을 위한 시설,설비 위생관리 점검도구 개발
이정숙,곽동경,강영재 한국조리과학회 2003 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.19 No.3
The rapid increase in food borne illness outbreaks in Korea hat been one of the major threats to the Nation's Health. Foodservice establishments have been identified at the major place for these outbreaks. mainly due to the lack of sanitary management and sanitary facility management practices. The purposes of the study were to develop hospital food service facility evaluation tools, based on the general HACCP-based standards and guidelines, for hospital food service establishments, to ensure the safety) of these foodservices and to reduce the risk of food home illness. The scope of this study included: 1) an assessment of the current foodservice sanitation practices and managements for 6 general hospitals, with more than 400 beds. and 3 general hospitals, with less than 400 beds; 2) the development of foodservice establishments sanitation evaluation tools and sanitation standards, based on the HACCP system. The survey data showed varied results between the hospitals surveyed. Most of the hospital foodservice operations had many problems with ventilation and the plumbing. The total dimensional mean scores for the hospitals with more than 400 beds and less than 400 beds were 31.5 and 27.0, respectively. The highest dimension scores were for the water supply facility and lighting, with the lowest for insect and rodent control and toxic materials management. The levels of the mean scores were very low, especially for the general hospitals with less than 400 beds. These low mean scores may have arisen from critical problems within the hospital foodservice operations. The most needed facility management items for improvement were: storage shelf should be spaced 6 inches from the floor and walls, the use of three compartment sinks, utility sinks and cleaning facilities, with a floor drain for cleaning mops or liquid wastes, a ventilation hood designed to prevent dripping onto food, cooking facilities should be disassembled for washing and sanitizing, a separated hand washing sink and a sanitized food board for each area should be provided, all toxic material must have warning labels attached, and be stored in an area away from food preparation under padlock. The evaluation tool consisted of 14 dimensions, with 65 check-off items. The results of this study will provide basic facilities' guidelines to regulators, or foodservice industry personnel, wishing to build. or expend. and establish an efficient flow of food. As a result, food Pome illnesses will be effectively prevented, and the Nation's health will be promoted for the development of their own sanitation standards, with a checklist for the safe production of foods.
Jaung, Jae-yun,Kim, Sung-Dong The Korean Fiber Society 2000 Fibers and polymers Vol.1 No.2
Intermolecular cyclization of 2-alkylamino-3-chloro-5,6-dicyanopyrazine 2 in the presence of tributylamine in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) gave 5,10-disubstituted-2,3,7,8-tetracyano -5,10-dihydrodipyrazino〔2,3-b:2',3'-e]pyrazines 3, which showed strong mesomorphic property and were anticipated as new chromophoric system for functional dye materials. Absorption spectra, fluorescent properties and other physical properties were correlated with their chemical structures. Vanadyl oligomeric porphyrazine with long alkyl groups synthesized from 3 had satisfactory solubility in tetrahydrofuran (THF), diethyl ether and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The syntheses and characterization of vanadyl polymeric porphyrazines derived from 3 with long alkyl groups are reported.
THE RISE OF NEO-LIBERAL REVOLUTION IN BRITAIN : THATCHERISM IN THE BRITISH CONSERVATIVE PARTY
Hoon Jaung 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2001 Global economic review Vol.30 No.1
Recent theories of party change have emphasized interaction between political parties and their environment. Employing this notion of interaction, this article has attempted to provide a more systematic analysis of the rise of Thatcherism in the British Conservative Party. It has demonstrated that while socio-economic changes provided a primary source of the ideological change, there were internal processes within the party that perceived environmental pressure from the socio-economic changes and actually pursued the task of the ideological change. First, environmental change in the socio-economic arena provided an initial cause of the rise of Thatcherism in the British Conservative Party. Second, electoral defeats also played a significant influence in the rise of Thatcherism. Third, a replaccement of party leadership was another significant intervening impetus of the ideological change.
촛불의 정치와 민주주의 이론: 현실과 이론, 사실과 가치의 긴장과 균형
장훈 ( Jaung Hoon ) 한국의회발전연구회 2017 의정연구 Vol.23 No.2
시민들의 대규모 직접행동에 따른 대통령 탄핵이라는 중대 정치변화는 한국민주주의 이론에 중대한 과제를 던지고 있다. 그러나 이러한 현실에 대응하는 이론적 변화를 주도하는 거시이론과 미시이론은 몇 가지 특징과 한계를 아울러 갖고 있다. 촛불의 정치가 제기하는 이론적 과제는 첫째, 새로운 유형의 정치주체의 등장, 둘째, 대의제도와 시민정치의 새로운 관계, 셋째, 대통령제 민주주의의 내각제화라고 할 만한 성격 변화로 특징지어진다. 이에 대한 거시이론의 입장은 민주주의 비관론으로부터 낙관론으로의 선회인데, 그럼에도 불구하고 구체적으로는 기존의 민중 개념으로 포착하기 어려운 새로운 주체에 대한 분석, 정당이나 사회운동조직의 지도력의 쇠퇴 등이 중대한 이론적 과제로 떠오른 셈이다. 미시이론의 경우는 새로운 주체의 네트워킹 방식, 새로운 시민정치와 정당과의 관계의 다양한 양상에 대한 분석 등이 새로운 이론적 과제로 떠올랐다. 종합하자면 촛불의 정치는 민주주의 연구의 분석대상의 확장, 새로운 분석방법의 수용, 그리고 가치지향과 현실분석 사이의 균형회복이라는 과제를 민주주의 이론에 던져주고 있는 것이다. Massive civic protests and consequent presidential impeachment requires a serious revisiting to democratic theories of Korean democracy. This paper explores the strengths and limitations of macro and micro approaches. Changes in democratic realities was manifested on three fronts. First, the rise of new political subject, that is, participants to massive protest. Second, changing nexus between representative institutions and civic protests. Third, parliamentarization of presidential democracy. Specifically macro approach has changed its negative assessment of democracy into positive evaluation. Macro theory has to revisit it`s notion of `minjung` to cope with the rise of new subject. Also macro approach has to struggle with the declining role of civic organizations and political activists. Micro approach has to deal with new mode of networking among citizens and to unravel the evolving relation between democratic institutions and civic protests. In sum, theories need to expand the analytic scope, to revitalize analytic tools and to rebalance value judgment and analytical efforts.