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The metabolic mechanism of C-14 labeled chitosan in mice
Kim, Kwang Yoon,Kim, Young Ho,Kim, Hee Kyung,Bom, Hee Seung,Kim, Ji Yeul,Yoshikazu Nishimura,Jkim, ung Woo,Oh, Chang Suck,Park, Ro Dong,Lee, Hyun Chul,Kang, Moon Il,Roh, Young Bok 한국키틴키토산학회 1998 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.3 No.1
Chitin is exists in the exoskeleton of crustaceans and chitosan can be obtained by deacetylation of chitin. As chitosan has a chelating characteristics, it was used radiostrontium chelator in the rats and mice. It also can be used as a healthy food and medicine. The purpose of the prsent study is to investigate the chitosan distribution and excretory route of 14C-chitosan in the animal body. 14C-chitosan was prepared and intravenously administered to the vein of mice and also intraorally ingested. The body distribution of chitosan was studied by autoradiography and the urinary excretion was counted. C-14 label chitosan was showed high distribution in the liver. And 10~20% of chitosan was excreted to the urine through kidney within few days. Chitosan was gathered into gromerulus in kidney and excreted from three hours. It was concluded that chitosan has no target organs and liver distribution is a sort of only passing route for the urinary excretion by way of kidney.
Persistence study of insecticide, diflubenzuron in strawberry with calyx
Il Kyu Cho,Yun-Su Jeong,Young Goun Oh,Dong-gi Lee,Jae Ung Seol,Ji Myung Kim,Woo Young Cho 한국농약과학회 2021 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.11
The persistence pattern of diflubenzuron were determined in strawberry with calyx using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The study was carried out to propose import tolerance using OECD maximum residue limit (MRL) calculator for export promotion of strawberry with calyx to Taiwan. The residue trials of diflubenzuron (14% WP) were conducted as decline tests at three independent sites for strawberry with calyx. In each test site, the acetamiprid and diflubenzuron mixture product (5+14% WP) have been sprayed in compliance with the safe-use guidelines of the agrochemicals (3 times applications at 7-day intervals until 2 days before harvest) for strawberry to understand the residue of diflubenzuron in strawberry. The recovery of diflubenzuron in strawberry through the validated assay showed 86.4±5.9 (n=5), 83.1±3.8 (n=5) and 84.5±2.3 (n=5) at LOQ level (0.01mg/kg), 89.7±2.6 (n=5), 81.2±2.5 (n=5) and 78.5±2.1 (n=5) at 10 LOQ level (0.1mg/kg), and 85.8±2.9 (n=5), 84.9±3.7 (n=5) and 90.6±4.2 (n=5) at 50 LOQ level (0.5mg/kg), respectively. The residual amount (decline) of diflubenzuron in strawberry with calyx presented 0.71 to 2.56mg/kg in site 1 (Sacheon), 0.89 to 1.99mg/kg in site 2 (Gokseong), and 0.92 to 2.97mg/kg in site 3 (Nonsan), respectively. The maximum residual amount (decline) of diflubenzuron for strawberry implicated 2.14mg/kg in site 1, and 1.53mg/kg in site 2, and 1.99mg/kg in site 3, respectively. The result of residue can be utilized to residue of diflubenzuron {Acetamiprid + diflubenzuron 19 (5+14)%, WP} under normal conditions for cultivating strawberry. Therefore, the result of this residue study can be adapted to establish the import tolerance (IT) of diflubenzuron for strawberry in Taiwan. The IT of diflubenzuron in strawberry may be proposed to be 6.0mg/kg by using the OECD MRL calculator.
본태성 고혈압환자의 정신의학적 연구 : 정신병리와 스트레스 지각을 중심으로 Focused on Psychopathology and Stress
오동재,윤희웅,장환일 大韓神經精神醫學會 1994 신경정신의학 Vol.33 No.4
There is a welath of evidence to support an association between psychological factors and raised blood pressure. And many researchers have said that stress would induce hypertension. We assessed the differences in psychopathology and stress perception between 109 diagnosed hypertensives with essential hypertension in the Department of Internal Medicine and 112 normal controls within a normal range of blood pressure, by using the Symptom Check List-90-Revision(SCL-90-R), the Global Assessment of Recent Stress Sacle(GARS), the State-Trait Anxeity Inventory(STAI),and the Beck's Depression Inventory(BDI). The results were as follows: 1)Hypertensive showed significantly high somatization, obssessive-compulsive, anxiety, phobic anxiety and psychoticism scores on the SCL-90-R, but there was no significant difference between the scores of stress perception of hypertensives and those of normal controls on the GARS, For anxiety and depression, hypertensives showed significantly high state anxiety, trait anxiety and depression scores on both the STAT and BDI. 2)Among hypertensives, those taking benzodiazepine showed significantly high psychopathology and stress. 3)In hypertensive, we couldn't find any significant correlation between the scores of the SCL-90-R, STAI, BDI, and GARS and their blood pressures. In normal controls, there were significant positive correlations between systolic blood pressure and the scores of stress perception in the sickness or injury and the overall global on the GARS. From the results, we concluded that hypertensives had a higher degree of psychopathology than normotensives and that there was no significant correlation between blood pressures and psychopathology and stress in hypertensives, but that there were significant positive correlations between systolic blood pressure and scores of stress perception in the sickness or injury and the overall global on the GARS in normal controls.
( Il Kyu Cho ),( Won-il Kim ),( Hae-ryong Yang ),( Jae Ung Seol ),( Young Goun Oh ),( Dong-gi Lee ),( Joon-kwan Moon ),( Woo Young Cho ),( Kil Yong Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2021 한국환경농학회지 Vol.40 No.4
BACKGROUND: Diquat dibromide is a fast-acting nonselective herbicide and plant growth regulator. In this study, in order to understand the possibility of unintentional pesticide contamination in the following crops, the phytotoxicity and transition of diquat dibromide residue in soil into the following crops such as pepper, radish, lettuce and corn have been assessed through phytotoxicity trial and residual evaluation in the unintentional contamination of the higher residual diquat dibromide. METHODS AND RESULTS: The pepper, radish, lettuce and corn were cultivated in the sandy soil and loam soil where the 35 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg diquat dibromide were applied, respectively. Mild growth inhibition symptoms were observed in radish, lettuce and corn crops at the 90 mg/kg- diquat dibromide treatment on the 30 day of cultivation. Diquat dibromide was analyzed using liquid chromatography QTRAP (LC-MS/MS). The recovery rates of diquat dibromide from soil and crop were determined within range from 89.1 to 116.4% with relative standard deviation less than 14.7%. Diquat dibromide residues in soil were found to be 23.90-30.22 and 69.59-82.57 mg/kg from the 35 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg of diquat dibromide-treated soil, respectively after 30 days of crop cultivation. This result implicates that diquat dibromide did not convert to metabolites and remained mostly in the soil, even though it was partially decomposed during crop cultivation. In addition, the diquat dibromide in pepper and radish that were grown for 47 days, and lettuce and corn that were cultivated for 30 days were detected to be 0.01 mg/kg or less in the sandy loam and loam soil where the 90 mg/kg diquat dibromide was applied. CONCLUSION(S): Diquat dibromide did not cause severe phytotoxicity in the following crops as well as it did not uptake and distribute to the following crops, even though it was considered to be residual in the soil.
사토양와 양토 재배 후작물 중 Diquat dibromide의 약해와 전이
조일규 ( Il Kyu Cho ),양해룡 ( Hae-Ryong Yang ),설재웅 ( Jae Ung Seol ),오영곤 ( Young Goun Oh ),이동기 ( Dong-gi Lee ),김지명 ( Ji Myung Kim ),김원일 ( Won-il Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2021 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2021 No.-
Diquat dibromide (1,1’-ethylene-2,2’-bipyridyldiylium dibromide) is known as a fast-acting nonselective herbicide and plant growth regulator. This agrochemical causes injury to the parts of the plant to which it is applied. However, it may be fatal to humans if swallowed and inhaled even though it is used to desiccate potato vines and seed crops. This study was carried out to understand the safety of the following crops such as pepper, radish, lettuce and corn through phytotoxicity and residual evaluation in the unintentional contamination of the higher residual diquat dibromide. The diquat dibromide was analyzed by using the LC-TriQ-MS/MS. The diquat dibromide was determined after 30 days of crop cultivation in soil which had been applied with 35 and 90 mg/kg of diquat dibromide. The diquat dibromide remained 26.3∼28.1 and 70.9∼75.8 mg/kg at the 35 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg of diquat dibromide-treated soil, respectively. This result indicated that diquat dibromide did not convert to other metabolites and resided mostly in the soil during crop cultivation even though it was partially decomposed. In addition, the diquat dibromide were found around 0.01 mg/kg and below the detection of limit (0.01 mg/kg) in the 47 day-elapsed pepper and radish as well as 30 day-elapsed lettuce and corn cultivating in sandy loam and loam soil which were treated with 90 mg/kg of diquat dibromide.
조일규 ( Il Kyu Cho ),설재웅 ( Jae Ung Seol ),오영곤 ( Young Goun Oh ),김지명 ( Ji Myung Kim ),서민경 ( Min Kyeong Shu ),윤중식 ( Jung-sik Yoon ) 한국환경농학회 2018 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2018 No.-
Diquat dibromide (1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-bipyridyldiylium dibromide) causes injury to only the parts of the plant to which it is applied. However, it may be fatal to humans if swallowed and inhaled even though it is used to desiccate potato vines and seed crops. Photodegradation of diquat dibromide can be an important factor to remove it in environment. The aim of this study is to understand photodegradation pattern of diquat dibromide in the soils. The photodegradation trial has been performed in compliance with the method (OPPTS 835.2410 photodegradation on soil EPA fate, transport and transformation test guidelines) with the upland soils of Yongin and Chungju in Korea. This study indicated that the main photolytic-metabolites of TOPPS and diquat monopyridone were detected below the detection of limit (0.01 mg/kg) by using the LC-TriQ-MS/MS under the 300 nm of artificial light condition. The half-life (DT50) of diquat dibromide during the soil photolysis showed 43.9 and 22.4 days at the Yongin-upland soil that was applied with 35 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg of diquat dibromide, repectively. On the other hand, the DT50 of diquat dibromode in the Chungju-upland soil were 23.3 and 25.3 days at the 35 mg/kg and the 90 mg/kg of diquat dibromide-treated soil, respectively.