2,3-Dehydrosilybin Suppresses IL-31-Associated Pruritus Factors in Astrocytes and Microglia

Ji Hyeon Park,Jae Young Shin,Feng Wang,Suping Hao,Da Jeong Shin,Seon Il Jang,Byoung Ok Cho 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

Chronic pruritus is the main symptom that increases the suffering of patients in hypersensitivity disorder disease. IL-31 is a pruritic cytokine with a primary objective to control itch. A 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHS) is a type of flavonoid extracted from the seeds of milk thistle. DHS has been reported to have hepatoprotective, angiogenic, and antioxidant effects. This study investigated the effect of DHS pretreatment on IL-31-associated pruritus in astrocytes and microglia. Pretreatment with DHS inhibited the production of IL-31 by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) stimulation in microglia. Pretreatment with DHS inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK, STAT1 and NF-κB by LPS plus IFN-γ stimulation in microglia. In addition, DHS suppressed the expression of IL-31 receptor A in IL-31-treated astrocytes. DHS also inhibited lipocalin2 production in IL-31 stimulated astrocytes. Taken together, DHS has potential as a therapeutic agent for symptom relief by down-regulating the IL-31-mediated pruritus mechanism in microglia and astrocytes.

Effects of Aralia cordata Thunb. on Proteoglycan Release, Type II Collagen Degradation and Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity in Rabbit Articular Cartilage Explants

Baek, Yong-Hyeon,Seo, Byung-Kwan,Lee, Jae-Dong,Huh, Jeong-Eun,Yang, Ha-Ru,Cho, Eun-Mi,Choi, Do-Young,Kim, Deog-Yoon,Cho, Yoon-Je,Kim, Kang-Il,Park, Dong-Suk The Korean Acupuncture Moxibustion Medicine Societ 2005 대한침구의학회지 Vol.33 No.4

Background & Objective: Articular cartilage is a potential target for drugs designed to inhibit the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to stop or slow the destruction of the proteoglycan and collagen in the cartilage extracellular matrix. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Aralia cordata Thunb. in inhibiting the release of glycosaminoglycan (GAG), the degradation of collagen, and MMP activity in rabbit articular cartilage explants. Methods : The cartilage-protective effects of Aralia cordata Thunb. were evaluated by using glycosaminoglycan degradation assay, collagen degradation assay, colorimetric analysis of MMP activity, measurement of lactate dehydrogenase activity and histological analysis in rabbit cartilage explants culture. Results : Interleukin-la (IL-1a) rapidly induced GAG, but collagen was much less readily released from cartilage explants. Aralia cordata Thunb. significantly inhibited GAG and collagen release in a concentration-dependent manner. Aralia cordata Thunb. dose-dependently inhibited MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression and activities from IL-1a-treated cartilage explants cultures when tested at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.2 mg/ml. Aralia cordata Thunb. had no harmful effect on chondrocytes viability or cartilage morphology in cartilage explants. Histological analysis indicated that Aralia cordata Thunb. reduced the degradation of the cartilage matrix compared with that of IL -1a-treated cartilage explants.

Antipruritic effect of 2,3-dehydrosilybin in IL-6-induced astrocyte and chloroquine-treated mice by targeting STAT3 signaling pathways

Byoung Ok Cho,Jae Young Shin,Ji Hyeon Park,Feng Wang,Suping Hao,Da Jeong Shin,Seon Il Jang 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Chronic pruritus is a symptom that reduces the quality of life of patients with inflammatory skin disease. Persistent activation of astrocytic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) contributes to the elevation of chronic pruritus. STAT3 activation increases lipocalin-2 (LCN2) expression and enhances pruritus. A 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHS) is a type of flavonoid extracted from the seeds of milk thistle. DHS has been reported to have hepatoprotective, angiogenic, and antioxidant effects. In this study, the inhibitory effect of DHS on chronic pruritus was investigated in IL-6-treated astrocytes and chloroquine-injected mice. As a result, DHS prevented STAT3 activation and LCN2 production in IL-6-treated astrocytes. Moreover, DHS inhibited scratching and inhibited the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in chloroquine-injected mice. It also reduced the level of inflammatory cytokines in the mice serum. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that DHS suppressed itch through the STAT3 signaling pathway. Thus our results suggest that DHS can prevent and/or treat chronic itch.

Effects of Aralia cordata Thunb. on Proteoglycan Release, Type II Collagen Degradation and Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity in Rabbit Articular Cartilage Explants

Baek, Yong-Hyeon,Seo, Byung-Kwan,Lee, Jae-Dong,Huh, Jeong-Eun,Yang, Ha-Ru,Cho, Eun-Mi,Choi, Do-Young,Kim, Deog-Yoon,Cho, Yoon-Je,Kim, Kang-Il,Park, Dong-Suk The Korean AcupunctureMoxibustion Medicine Society 2005 대한침구의학회지 Vol.22 No.2

Background & Objective: Articular cartilage is a potential target for drugs designed to inhibit the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to stop or slow the destruction of the proteoglycan and collagen in the cartilage extracellular matrix. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Aralia cordata Thunb. in inhibiting the release of glycosaminoglycan (GAG), the degradation of collagen, and MMP activity in rabbit articular cartilage explants. Methods : The cartilage-protective effects of Aralia cordata Thunb. were evaluated by using glycosaminoglycan degradation assay, collagen degradation assay, colorimetric analysis of MMP activity, measurement of lactate dehydrogenase activity and histological analysis in rabbit cartilage explants culture. Results : Interleukin-la (IL-1a) rapidly induced GAG, but collagen was much less readily released from cartilage explants. Aralia cordata Thunb. significantly inhibited GAG and collagen release in a concentration-dependent manner. Aralia cordata Thunb. dose-dependently inhibited MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression and activities from IL-1a-treated cartilage explants cultures when tested at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.2 mg/ml. Aralia cordata Thunb. had no harmful effect on chondrocytes viability or cartilage morphology in cartilage explants. Histological analysis indicated that Aralia cordata Thunb. reduced the degradation of the cartilage matrix compared with that of IL -1a-treated cartilage explants.

Effective Microorganism Substance (EM-S) Reduces Development and Aggravation of Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Lesions in NC/Nga Mice

Park, Kwang-Hyun,Jeong, Seung-Il,Mok, Ji-Ye,Cho, Jung-Keun,Park, Ji-Min,Jeon, In-Hwa,Kim, Hyeon-Soo,Jang, Seon-Il The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.2

In a previous study, our group showed that the effective microorganism substance (EM-S) produced by fermentation of medicinal plants with effective microorganisms has an antiinflammatory effect on atopic dermatitis-like lesions in NC/Nga mice. However, the possible antiinflammatory effect and skin barrier function of EM-S for inflammatory cell infiltration, Interleukin-4 (IL-4) production, C-C chemokine receptor 10 (CCR10), and filaggrin (FLG) expression were not reported. Therefore, effects of EM-S on the development of atopic dermatitislike skin lesions in NC/Nga mice were evaluated. Efficacy of EM-S was judged by measurement of scratching behavior, T-cell subset infiltration, cytokine production, and FLG expression. Topical application of EM-S significantly reduced scratching behavior in NC/Nga mice caused by house dust mite antigen (Dermatophagoides farinse extract, DfE) sensitization. IL-4 production and $CD4^+$ and $CD45^+$ cell infiltrations were significantly reduced by EM-S. CCR10 expression was also significantly inhibited by EM-S. EM-S treatment also increased the level of FLG reduced by DfE sensitization. These results demonstrate EM-S, when applied topically, may be an effective substance for management of atopic dermatitis patients.

CAM을 이용한 다지 분기 구조의 설계

조현묵,한일국,기장근 公州大學校工科大學生産技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

In this thesis, Multi-way branch structure is designed to execute multiway branch instruction in the wireless LAN protocol processor. Because this structure substitute CAM(Content Addressable Memory) for target selection unit with label index information of program which branch in multiway according to system variables consist of flags & vectors. The CAM store a set of arbitrary variable conditions. Thus, this structure have feature which assign system value for multiway branch, can programming and reconfigure a set of variable conditions. The Desing of Multiway branch structure used cmn8a library which is 0.8um process of Compass tool, have about 9,500 gates and suitable for basis clock 80MHz of wireless LAN protocol processor.

고유량 고효율 혈액투석막 재사용의 임상경험

조현경,김승정,임병국,정혁준,최영일,마경애,신규태,김흥수,김도헌 대한신장학회 2001 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.20 No.3

메틸기 부족 식이의 섭취와 섭취시기가 화학적 발암원으로 유도된 전암성 간병변 생성에 미치는 영향

김현아,김초일,최혜미 A.R. Liss 1994 ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENS AND CARCINOGENS Vol.14 No.2

DLE and Myricitrin attenuate IL-6-induced astrocyte activation and pruritus by targeting STAT3 signaling pathways

Jae Young Shin,Byoung Ok Cho,Ji Hyeon Park,Da Jeong Shin,Feng Wang,Suping Hao,Eun Seo Kang,Seon Il Jang 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Diospyros lotus (date plum) is a deciduous plant native to Asia including Korea and China. In traditional medicine, it has been used as an anticancer, antidiabetic, and antipyretic agent. Recently, the effect of Diospyros lotus on the improvement of sensitive skin was also reported. Chronic pruritus is one of the most difficult to manage symptoms of inflammatory skin disease. Recently, it was found that activation of STAT3 in astrocytes contributes to chronic pruritus. In this study, the effects of Diospyros lotus leaf extract (DLE) and its main component myricitrin on pruritus were investigated in in vitro and in vivo. Astrocytes were pretreated with DLE and myricitrin and stimulated with IL-6 to measure activation of STAT3 and production of lipocalin-2 (LCN2). We also investigated the effects of DLE and myricitrin on itch in chloroquine-induced itch mouse model. DLE and myricitrin blocked STAT3 activation and inhibited the release of LCN2 in astrocytes. Moreover, DLE and myricitrin inhibited the scratching behavior and inhibited the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in chloroquine-injected mice. Collectively, these studies suggest that modulation of DLE and myricitrin signaling pathways contribute to pruritus inhibition, thus suggesting potential for the prevention and/or treatment of pruritus caused by hypersensitivity skin conditions.

한국형 노인우울검사(Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale : KGDS) 표준화에 대한 예비연구

정인과,곽동일,조숙행,이현수 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.2

본 연구는 한국형 노인우울검사(KGDS) 표준화에 대한 예비연구로 GDS를 포함한 기존의 성인용 우울검사(BDI, MMPI-D, SDS, CES-D)에서 일련의 통계적 과정을 거쳐 한국 노인의 우울양상을 잘 반영하는 것으로 판단되는 문항 40개를 추출한 뒤 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 연구대상은 60세 이상의 노인 175명으로. 이들 중 우울장애 진단을 받은 81명(남자 15명, 여자 66명)이 우울 환자군에. 우울장애진단이 배제된 94명(남자 33명. 여자 61명)이 대조군에 할당되었다. KGDS의 신뢰도를 검증한 결과, Cronbach의 α계수는 .88, 반분신뢰도는 .79로서 만족스러운 수준이었고 두 집단의 평균의 차이를 검증해본 결과 α=.001수준에서 유의하였다(환자군 평균 23.40±8.13,대조군 평균 12.50±8.82. t=9.76) KGDS의 구성타당도와 내적 구조를 파악하기 위해 실시한 요인분석에서는 비관적 사고 및 불행감(Negative thinking and Unhappiness feeling), 정서적 불편감(Emotional discomfort). 인지기능 저하(Cognitive dysfunction), 기력쇠퇴(Decreased vitality), 신체적 약화 및 건강염려증가(Physical weakening and inclosed somatic concern) 사회적 철수 및 흥미상실(Social withdrawal and loss of interest) 등 총 6개의 구성요인이 밝혀졌고 총 설명변량은 51.2%였다. 마지막으로 KGDS의 판별력과 최적 절단점수를 확인하기 위해 판별분석 및 민감도. 특이도의 지표를 구하여본 결과 전체판별률은 76.7%이었고 최적 절단점수는 16점이 제안되었으며 고전적인 백분위점수분포를 추가적으로 고려하여 16∼22점 사이는 경계선수준 및 정도의 우울증, 23∼25점 사이는 중도의 우울증, 26점 이상은 심도의 우울증으로 분류할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다. 결론적으로. 노인 우울증에 대한 기존 검사들의 낮은 진단변별력을 개선시키고자 새로이 만든 한국형 노인우울검사(KGDS)는 GDS를 포함한 기존 검사들에 비해 진단변별력이 10%이상 향상되었을 뿐 아니라 신뢰도, 타당도도 만족스러운 수준을 보여 노인우울 진단용 검사로 유용하게 쓰일 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다. 마지막으로 피험자 선정과 관련된 문제점을 짚어보았고 추후 연구에서 문항의 수와 내용을 좀더 압축할 필요성에 대해 논의해 보았다. The purpose of this study was to construct Korean Geriatric Depression Scale(KGDS) items and test the reliability and validity of KGDS. Total 151 items from GDS, BDI, SDS, MMPI-D, and K-CES-D were administered to 81 depressed elderly and 75 elderly control groups. Sixty-four preliminary items which have discrimination power between depression and control groups were selected. Then by correlational analysis considering adjusted item-total correlation, 40 items were finally chosen to construct KGDS. The values of Cronbach's αand split-half reliability were 0.88 and 0.79, respectively. The differences of means was signified at α= .001 level(patients group mean = 23.40±8.13, control group mean= 12.50 ± 8.82,t=9.76). The result of factor analysis showed that KGDS had six factors. They were labeled negative thinking and unhappiness feeling(factor 1), emotional discomfort(factor 2), cognitive dysfunction(factor 3), decreased vitality(factor 4), physical weakening and inclosed somatic concern(factor 5), social withdrawal and loss of interest(factor 6), which represent depressive features of the elderly in thought, emotional, cognitive, physical, and social aspects. The total percentage of variance of the 6 factors was 51.2%. The result of discrimination analysis showed that hit ratio of KGDS was 76.7%, and the score of 16 was suggested as the optimal cut-off score. Additionally, by using percentile score distribution of control(normal) group, it is suggested that the score of 16-22 represents borderline or mild depression, the score of 23-25 are moderate depression, and greater than the score of 26 severe depression. Conclusively, KGDS not only improves diagnostic discrimination power 10% more than other depression scales including GDS, but also show sufficient reliability and validity, thus can be used far evaluation of elderly depression. Finally, some issues relevant to sample selection and the necessity of concising content and items of KGDS are discussed.