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Hyunjung Chung,Seogchan Kang,Yong-Hwan Lee,Sook-Young Park 한국식물병리학회 2020 식물병연구 Vol.26 No.1
The genome of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae contains several types of transposable elements (TEs), and some TEs cause genetic variation that allows M. oryzae to evade host detection. We studied how five abundant TEs in rice pathogens, Pot3, Pot2, MAGGY, Line-like element (MGL) and Mg-SINE, are expressed under diverse conditions related to growth, development, and stress. Expression of Pot3 and Pot2 was ac- tivated in germinated conidia and mycelia treated with tricyclazole. Retrotransposon MAGGY was highly expressed in appressoria and tricyclazole-treated mycelia. MAGGY and Pot2 were also activated during the early and late stages of perithecia development. MGL was up-regulated in conidia and during conidial ger- mination but not during appressorium formation. No noticeable expression of Mg-SINE was observed under most conditions. Our results should help investigate if and how condition-specific expressions of some TEs contribute to the biology and evolution of M. oryzae.
Outbreak of Rice Blast Disease at Yeoju of Korea in 2020
Hyunjung Chung,Da Gyeong Jeong,Ji-Hyun Lee,In Jeong Kang,Hyeong-Kwon Shim,Chi Jung An,Joo Yeon Kim,Jung-Wook Yang 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.1
Rice blast is the most destructive disease threatening stable rice production in rice-growing areas. Cultiva- tion of disease-resistant rice cultivars is the most effec- tive way to control rice blast disease. However, the rice blast resistance is easy to breakdown within years by blast fungus that continually changes to adapt to new cultivars. Therefore, it is important to continuously monitor the incidence of rice blast disease and race differentiation of rice blast fungus in fields. In 2020, a severe rice blast disease occurred nationwide in Korea. We evaluated the incidence of rice blast disease in Yeo- ju and compared the weather conditions at the periods of rice blast disease in 2019 and 2020. We investigated the races and avirulence genes of rice blast isolates in Yeoju to identify race diversity and genetic character- istics of the isolates. This study will provide empirical support for rice blast control and the breeding of blast- resistant rice cultivars.
Chung, Hyunjung,Kim, Seongbeom,Kim, Ki‐,Tae,Hwang, Bae‐,Geun,Kim, Hye‐,Jeong,Lee, Sang‐,Joon,Lee, Yong‐,Hwan BLACKWELL SCIENCE 2019 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY Vol.21 No.3
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Because molecular oxygen functions as the final acceptor of electrons during aerobic respiration and a substrate for diverse enzymatic reactions, eukaryotes employ various mechanisms to maintain cellular homeostasis under varying oxygen concentration. Human fungal pathogens change the expression of genes involved in virulence and oxygen‐required metabolisms such as ergosterol (ERG) synthesis when they encounter oxygen limitation (hypoxia) during infection. The oxygen level in plant tissues also fluctuates, potentially creating hypoxic stress to pathogens during infection. However, little is known about how <I>in planta</I> oxygen dynamics impact pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated oxygen dynamics in rice during infection by <I>Magnaporthe oryzae</I> via two approaches. First, rice leaves infected by <I>M. oryzae</I> were noninvasively probed using a microscopic oxygen sensor. Second, an immunofluorescence assay based on a chemical probe, pimonidazole, was used. Both methods showed that oxygen concentration in rice decreased after fungal penetration. We also functionally characterized five hypoxia‐responsive genes participating in ERG biosynthesis for their role in pathogenesis. Resulting insights and tools will help study the nature of <I>in planta</I> oxygen dynamics in other pathosystems.</P>
Outbreak of Rice Panicle Blast in Jeonbuk Province of Korea in 2021
Hyunjung Chung,Woo-Il Lee,Soo Yeon Choi,Nak-Jung Choi,Sang-Min Kim,윤주연,Bong Choon Lee 한국식물병리학회 2023 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.39 No.1
Rice panicle blast is one of the most serious diseases threatening stable rice production by causing severe damage to rice yields and quality. The disease is easy to occur under low air temperature and frequent heavy rainfall during the heading season of rice. In 2021, a rice panicle blast severely occurred in the Jeonbuk province of Korea. The incidence area of panicle blast accounted for 27.7% of the rice cultivation area of Jeonbuk province in 2021, which was 13.7-times higher than in 2019 and 2.6-times higher than in 2020. This study evaluated the incidence areas of rice panicle blast in each region of Jeonbuk province in 2021. The weather conditions during the heading season of rice, mainly cultivated rice cultivars, and the race diversity of the Jeonbuk isolates were also investigated. It will provide important information for the effective control of the rice panicle blast.
Comparative Pathogenicity and Host Ranges of Magnaporthe oryzae and Related Species
Hyunjung Chung,Jaeduk Goh,Seong-Sook Han,Jae-Hwan Roh,Yangseon Kim,Sunggi Heu,Hyeong-Kwon Shim,Da Gyeong Jeong,In Jeong Kang,Jung-Wook Yang 한국식물병리학회 2020 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.36 No.4
Host shifting and host expansion of fungal plant pathogens increases the rate of emergence of new pathogens and the incidence of disease in various crops, which threaten global food security. Magnaporthe species cause serious disease in rice, namely rice blast disease, as well as in many alternative hosts, including wheat, barley, and millet. A severe outbreak of wheat blast due to Magnaporthe oryzae occurred recently in Bangladesh, after the fungus was introduced from South America, causing great loss of yield. This outbreak of wheat blast is of growing concern, because it might spread to adjacent wheat-producing areas. Therefore, it is important to understand the host range and population structure of M. oryzae and related species for determining the evolutionary relationships among Magnaporthe species and for managing blast disease in the field. Here, we collected isolates of M. oryzae and related species from various Poaceae species, including crops and weeds surrounding rice fields, in Korea and determined their phylogenetic relationships and host species specificity. Internal transcribed spacer-mediated phylogenetic analysis revealed that M. oryzae and related species are classified into four groups primarily including isolates from rice, crabgrass, millet and tall fescue. Based on pathogenicity assays, M. oryzae and related species can infect different Poaceae hosts and move among hosts, suggesting the potential for host shifting and host ex- pansion in nature. These results provide important information on the diversification of M. oryzae and re- lated species with a broad range of Poaceae as hosts in crop fields.
정현정(Hyunjung Chung),강인정(In Jeong Kang),양정욱(Jung-Wook Yang),노재환(Jae-Hwan Roh),심형권(Hyeong-Kwon Shim),허성기(Sunggi Heu) 한국식물병리학회 2019 식물병연구 Vol.25 No.3
Almost 30% of arable lands of North Korea are covered with paddy rice. In rice cultivation of North Korea, rice blast disease is the most important fungal disease and bacterial leaf blight is the most important bacterial disease. Seven North Korean rice cultivars had been tested for the disease resistance against rice blast pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae and bacterial leaf blight pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The responses of seven cultivars against 17 different M. oryzae races from South Korea had been quite different. Among seven cultivars, Giljoo1ho was very resistant to all 18 different M. oryzae isolates from South Korea, nevertheless KI or KJ. Pyungdo5ho was very susceptible, it showed susceptible responses to 8 out of 10 KI races and 7 out of 8 KJ races of M. oryzae isolated in South Korea. However, the response to bacterial leaf blight was different from the response to rice blast pathogen. Gijoo1ho, Wonsan69ho, Onpo1ho, and Pyungdo15ho were susceptible to KXO42 (K1) and KXO90 (K2), respectively. Pyungdo5ho was resistant to KXO85 (K1) and KXO19 (K3), and Pyungyang21ho was resistant to K1 races. Based on these results, Giljoo1ho can be a good resource for the breeding of resistant rice cultivar against M. oryzae isolates from South Korea.
( Hyunjung Kwon ),( Hyungrok Kim ),( Youngil Kim ),( Joonsoo Park ),( Hyun Chung ),( Kyungduck Park ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2
Background: It is important to analyze the medical care utilization behavior and conception of disease treatment of dermatologic patients. However, there have been few studies on the values of this information in Korean literature. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the medical care utilization behavior and conception of disease treatment of dermatologic outpatients of the university hospital. Methods: A written questionnaire, concerning personal information, treatment behavior, treatment conception, patient satisfaction and patient compliance, was asked to 442 outpatient. Results: Satisfactory outpatient consultation time for dermatology suggested by patients was 14.2 minutes in first-visit consultation, and 9.92 minutes in second-visit consultation. Most patients (76%) sought the dermatologic clinics for dermatoses initially but only 39.8% of patients knew how to distinguish dermatologists. Before visiting the hospital, 52.3% of patients sought disease information, and 28.3% of patients obtained information about doctors in advance. 39.7% of respondents had negative attitude on dermatologic medicine. Conclusion: We advise dermatologists to play a major role in enlightening the patients and constructing proper information system via diversified routes so that we can prevent unreasonable medical care utilization behavior and groundless negative conception in dermatologic treatment.
A case of Sezary syndrome preceded by mycosis fungoides
( Hyunjung Kwon ),( Hyungrok Kim ),( Youngil Kim ),( Inyong Kim ),( Kyungduck Park ),( Joonsoo Park ),( Hyun Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.1
Sezary syndrome is a rare variant of T cell leukemia with diffuse erythroderma with severe pruritus, generalized lymphadenopathy, and circulating malignant T cell with cerebriform nuclei. It typically arises de novo and is considered separate from mycosis fungoides. However Sezary syndrome may follow classic mycosis fungoides in extremely rare case and is called Sezary syndrome preceded by mycosis fungoides. A 77-year-old man presented with generalized erythematous patches with scale and exfoliation for 10 years. He had been consulted to department of dermatology for 4 times and diagnosed with mycosis fungoides. However, he did not get proper treatment due to private reason. Then, he presented with aggravated symptoms 2 years after his last visit. Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis and Sezary cells in peripheral blood which were not noted in previous investigations. The punch biopsy revealed definite epidermotrophism of atypical lymphocytes and he was diagnosed with Sezary syndrome. Herein. we describe a 77-year-old man with Sezary syndrome preceded by mycosis fungoides.