Investigation on Delamination Characteristics of 2-Ply Clad Metals and Adhesive Joints for Aluminum/Stainless Steel via the Peel Test

Jun‑Hyung Sim,Yungeun Ha,Min‑Kyun Kim,Min‑Joong Kim,Young‑Rae Cho 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.2

Bonding properties are important for metallic multilayer composites (MMCs) comprising different materials or materialswith different mechanical properties. In this study, we fabricated 2-ply Al/stainless steel (STS) clad metals and Al/adhesive(adh)/STS joints. To manufacture samples with various mechanical properties, T6 heat treatment was performed on cladmetals, and adhesive joints of several thicknesses were prepared. For each sample, the bonding strength was characterizedvia a T-peel test and the results were analyzed using the peeling angle. For 2-ply Al/STS clad metals, the T6 heat treatmentresulted in opposite trends in the mechanical properties. The bonding strength of 2-ply Al/STS clad metals was affectedby the peeling angle, i.e., a small peeling angle provided a small bonding strength at the interface. However, for the 2-plyAl/adh/STS joints, the bonding strength of adhesives on metals depended on each adherend of the stress state. As the differencein mechanical properties between the two adherends increased, the difference in each peeling angle of Al and STSalso increased. The peeling angle of adherends reached a limiting value when the sample contacted the clamping jig head;therefore, a new term, apparent bonding strength (ABS), is necessary to differentiate this new strength from the bondingstrength obtained under non-contact conditions. We believe that the concept of peeling angle and ABS proposed herein willplay a crucial role in describing the delamination behavior and bonding strength of MMCs via the peel test.

인공지능 기반 가상 비서의 BIM 설계 적용에 관한 기초연구

김형준(Kim, Hyung?Jun),전한종(Jun, Han-Jong) 대한건축학회 2018 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.38 No.1

In this research, in order to solve the problem of degradation of business efficiency of building design utilizing BIM, a process was constructed using virtual assistant based on artificial intelligence technology. In the constructed process, the designer can learn the command customized to the virtual assistant applied to the BIM architecture design work, using the A-BIM algorithm. These A-BIM algorithms are utilized in the form of artificial intelligence algorithms built in the understanding structure of the designer. As a result, it is expected that the efficiency of operations can be improved by fusing the conventional artificial intelligence technology and the A-BIM algorithm, rather than developing artificial intelligence to be applied to the field of BIM architectural design.

Identification of Genes Modulated by High Extracellular Calcium in Coculture of Mouse Osteoblasts and Bone Marrow Cells by Oligo Chip Assay

Kim, Hyung-Keun,Song, Mina,Jun, ji-Hae,Woo, Kyung-Mi,Kim, Gwan-Shik,Baek, Jeong-Hwa The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2006 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.31 No.2

Calcium concentration in the bone resorption lacunae is high and is in the mM concentration range. Both osteoblast and osteoclast have calcium sensing receptor in the cell surface, suggesting the regulatory role of high extracellular calcium in bone merabolism. In vitro, high extracellular calcium stimulated osteoclastogenesis in coculture of mouse osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. Therefore we examined the genes that were commonly regulated by both high extracellular calcium and 1,25(OH)_(2)vitaminD_(3)(VD3) by using mouse oligo 11 K gene chip. In the presence of 10 mM[Ca^(2+)]e or 10 nM VD3, mouse calvarial osteoblasts and bone marrow cells were co-cultured for 4 days when tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells start to appear. Of 11,000 genes examined, the genes commonly regulated both by high extracellular calcium and by VD3 were as follows; 1) the expressions of genes which were osteoclast differentiation markers or were associated with osteoclastogenesis were up-regulated both by high extracellular calcium and by VD3; trap, mmp9, car2, ctsk, ckb, atp6b2, tm7sf4, rab7, 2) several chemokine and chemokine receptor genes such as sdf1, scya2, scyb5, scya6, scya8, scya9, and ccr1 were up-regulated both by high ectracellular calcium and by VD3, 3) the genes such as mmp1b, mmp3 and c3 which possibly stimulate bone resorption by osteoclast, were commonly up-regulated, 4) the gene such as c1q and msr2 which were related with macrophage function, were commonly down-regulated, 5) the genes which possibly stimulate osteoblast differentiation and/or mineralization of extracellular matrix, were commonly down-regulated;slc8a1, admr, plod2, lox, fosb, 6) the genes which possibly suppress osteoblast differentiation and/or mineralization of extracellular matrix, were commonly up-regulated;s100a4, npr3, mme, 7) the genes such as calponin 1 and tgfbi which possibly suppress osteoblast differentiation and/or mineralization of extracellular matrix, were up-regulated by high extracelluar calcium but were down-regulated by VD3. These results suggest that in coculture condition, both high extracellular calcium and VD3 commonly induce osteoclastogenesis but suppress osteoblast differentiation/mineralization by regulating the expression of related genes.

김치에서 분리한 Lactobacillus sp. JC-7과 Lactobacillus acidophilus 88간의 Electrofusion 최적조건 설정

조영배,최현정,백형석,전홍기 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.13 No.-

김치 발효 숙성기간을 연장하고 신선도를 오랫동안 유지 할 수 있는 김치발효 starter의 개발을 목적으로 최적숙성기에 있는 김치로부터 bacteriocin생성능이 없는 유산균을 분리하여 동정하였으며, bacteriocin생성능이 우수한 L.acidophilus 88을 융합시키기 위해 electrofusion에 대한 최적 조건을 검토하였다. 분리균주는 Lactobacillus속으로 동정되어 Lactobacillus sp. JC-7이라 명명하였다. Electrofusion에 의해 생성된 융합주를 식별하기 위해 streptomycin(2.5㎎/ml)에 내성을 나타내는 Lactobacillus sp. JC-7변이주와 kanamycin(600㎍/ml)에 내성을 나타내는 L.acidophilus 88변이주를 분리하였다. Electrofusion을 100V/㎝, 120msec(72ohms,1670 capacitance) 에서 수행했을 때 융합효율이 가장 양호하였으며 전기장의 세기와 시간이 중가할수록 융합 효율이 현저히 감소하였다. 2가 양이온은 농도가 중가할수록 대체적으로 융합효율을 감소시키는 경향을 나타내었으나 1mM MGCl_2에서는 대조군에 비해 융합효율이 약간 증가하였다. PEG매개에 의한 융합법의 융합효율을 비교한 결과, 융합효율은 chemical fusion<electrofusion<electrofusion+20% PEG순을 나타내었다. Evaluation of Optimum Conditions for the Electrofusion between Lactobacillus sp. JC-7 Isolated from Kimchi and Lactobacillus acidophilus 88. Young-Bae Jo, Hyun-Jung Choi, Hyung-Suk Baik and Hong-Ki Jun*. Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735,Korea-A lactic acid bacterium was isolated from kimchi. The isolated strain was identified as the genus Lactobacillus thrugh its morphological characteristics and named as Lactobacillus sp. JC-7. The optimum conditions for the electrofusion between streptomycin(2.5㎎/ml)resistant mutant of Lactobacillus acidophilus 88 and kanamycin(600㎍/ml) resistant mutant Lactobacillus sp. JC-7 were evaluated. The highest number of fusants were obtained at a capacitance value of 120msec(1670㎌), a field strength of 100V/㎝,and a pulse controller setting of 72Ω. The potimum pH of elecroporation buffer was 7.5 and the concentration of divalent cation was 1mM MG^2+. Electrofusants were efficiently obtained by addition 20% polyethylene glycol to electroporation buffer. The yield of fusion was better than that of using polyethylene glycol mediated chemical induction.

제 3 대구치 발치시 환자의 호흡 패턴이 스트레스 변화 양상에 미치는 영향

이상명,김형욱,박양호,김진철,박준우,이성준,안재목,Rhee, Sang-Myung,Kim, Hyung-Wook,Park, Yang-Ho,Kim, Jin-Cheol,Park, Jun-Woo,Rhee, Sung-Jun,Nyamdorj, Selenge,Ahn, Jae-Mok 대한구강악안면외과학회 2007 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.33 No.5

Purpose: Heart rate variability(HRV) is the clinical consequence of various influences of the autonomic nervous system(ANS) on heart beat. HRV can estimate the potential physiologic rhythm from the interval between consecutive beats(RR interval or HRV data). It is known as RSA which represents respiration-related HR rhythmic oscillation. Previous studies demonstrated a specific breathing pattern(0.1Hz, 6breaths/min) to improve a physiological body condition related to the stress. In this paper, the level of stress would be evaluated in terms of three phases of the dental treatment, combined with 6breaths/min. Methods: These phases include before, during and after tooth extraction or anesthesia or something.36 patients' stresses were assessed using HRV stress analyzer in each phase in Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, and Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center from Jun. to Sept. of 2007. HRV 5-min data collected were analyzed in time-domain and frequency-domain to evaluate the activity of autonomic nervous system(ANS) which represents the level of stress. Results: All HRV parameters including HF(high frequency), LF(low frequency) and LF/HF ratio showned a significant change affecting the ANS balance. There was a 6.4% difference between R(LF/HF)s on general breathing pattern for balance of Autonomic nervous system, but on controlled breathing pattern, 0.1Hz, was made narrow till 1.4%. The activity of ANS has increased by 1.4% on general breathing pattern, and by 2.9% on controlled breathing pattern, 0.1Hz. Conclusion: After analysis of preoperative stress changes and effect of breathing pattern of 0.1 Hz on the stress in 36 patients who have undergone third molar extraction, following was concluded. In the preoperative stage, the sympathetic change was the greatest?after the?anesthetic injection, and stress was relieved by controlling the breathing pattern to a frequency of 0.1Hz.

中登 英語敎科書에 收錄된 語彙 檢討 : 主로 第一學年 敎科書 單語를 中心으로

全炯國 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1957 人文科學 Vol.1 No.-

In addition to several books of English composition and grammar, there are twenty six diffrent kinds of English readers compiled for the use of middle school students in Korea. According to the syllabus of English education promulgated in 1955, all the English readers have been published with the approval of the Minister of Education. Many English teachers who have used the new textbooks published in 1956 have pointed out that they were inadequate. On the assumption that the quality of these textbooks should be examined, this paper is an attempt to investigate the words listed in each textbook and to find out the word frequency in them. Although scientific analysis and discussions of textbooks require many shades of investigation, word frequencies are also one of the important elememts in editing textbooks. After carefully inspecting the six tables. I have come to certain conclusions, and I wish to make a suggestion for the improvement of English textbooks. Although the number of words to teach in the 1st year of middle school is 400 according to the syllabus of English education, most authors of textbooks have neglected this figure. And there is such a amall number of words used in common in these textbooks, that the students will be faced with great difficulty in learning English when they transfer from one school to another or change their textbooks. On the assumption that the words from Thorndike and Lorge's Word Book and from Basic English are most useful and practical, approximately half of the words appearing in all these textbooks are not suitable words for the beginning student of English. Therefore, it is necessary to select the words for the textbook writers on the basic of scientific methods and furthermore that some way be found to ensure observance of this selection. For the purpose of compiling English textbooks and improving English education it is urgently required that the frequency of words, as well as the selection of words, should be carefully taken into account as many linguistics have already suggested.

품질관리에 관한 이론적 연구

전형원 군산대학교 지역개발연구소 1996 地域開發硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Today's Government is being pressured to change its management by the surrounding environment. Namely, It is continuously being called upon to focus on achieving customer satisfaction, to make continuous improvements, and to give everyone responsibility. American Government has already introduced the so-called Quality Management which first developed in the private sector and spread to many public organizations. The results from a variety of researches show surprising success. This paper does a theoretical research on the basic structure of Quality Management for the basement of its application toward Korean Government; with a special emphasis on the steps, the tools and techniques.

지방자치단체내 도시혐오시설 설치에 따른 지역ㆍ집단이기주의에 관한 연구 : 전라북도 사례를 중심으로

全炯元 韓國行政學會 全北支會 1992 全北行政學報 Vol.5 No.1

최근 우리 사회에서 만연되기 시작한 현상 가운데 하나가 지역ㆍ집단이기주의인데 이는 어떤 사회의 개개 집단들이 공익보다는 그들 집단의 이익을 최대의 가치로 보고 그들의 사익을 극대화하기 위해 투쟁하는 것을 의미한다. 지역ㆍ집단이기주의가 반드시 부정적으로 작용하는 것은 아니나 국가통합이라는 측면에서 볼 때 이에 관한 합리적인 극복방안이 강구되어야 할 필요성이 절실하게 요구되는 것이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 성격을 지닌 지역ㆍ집단이기주의는 사회 여러부문에 걸쳐 다양하게 발생하고 있으나, 본고에서는 도시혐오시설 설치와 관련하여 발생하고 있는 바들을 중심으로 하여 원인규명과 극복방안을 모색하는 데에 연구목적을 두었다. 연구의 공간적 범위를 전라북도에 한정하고 이곳에서 발생한 집단민원을 중심으로 사례분석을 시도하였다. 그리고 문헌연구를 주로 하였다. 사례분석결과, 전라북도에서 도시혐오시설 설치와 관련하여 발생한 집단민원 - 지역ㆍ집단이기주의는 정책내용과 수단에 대한 대상집단(지역주민)의 태도요인 및 능력요인이 크게 작용하여 발생한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 즉 정책결정과정에 대한 정당성결여, 정책결정자에 대한 불신, 기존정책에 대한 불만족 등의 태도요인과 정책이 요구하고 있는 경제적 희생에 대한 부담능력의 결여라는 능력요인이 크게 작용한 것으로 나타났다.

韓英兩語의 表現構造에 나타난 思考의 特性

全炯國 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1975 人文科學 Vol.33-34 No.-

The life and thoughts in any language activity are important in the sense of its cultural aspects. Although the traditional concepts cherished by a nation are unscientific and illogical, they nevertheless dominate the thoughts of a man. In order to support the dominance of language, I have quoted from dialogues from short stories in both English and Korean, indicating the universal and the peculiar of thoughts. Under these suppositions, the following discoveries are consolidated. In the relativism of life and thoughts appearing in the structures of language are: (1) that the characteristics of any heterogenious culture are most vividly shown, (2) that misuses of words are, among others, the most prevalent phenomenon in the field of mistranslation, (3) that the power of traditional ways of thinking and thoughts underlying the cultures of both East and West is easily discovered in the language activity, although the discussions here are limited exclusively to such languages as English and Korean.

정책평가 활용에 관한 이론적 연구

전형원,김종후 群山大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

It is very important to know how information or knowledge from result of policy evaluation has been utilized in the process of public policy. It is because the knowledge always can contribute to better policy formation, implementation, the improvement of the quality of life, and the efficiency of limited resources. Above all, for the measurement of the utilization of policy evaluation, we should have an objective framework of analysis. But until now, none have been accepted unainously in the circle of related scholars. One of the main reasons may be because scholars themselves have tended not to accept the definitions of others. That is, there has always been a big gap in the viewpoint of utilization of policy evaluation among them. Depending on the definitions of utilization, the approaches to utilization, and the methods of collecting data for analysis, the outcomes may be different. The main purposes of this article are as following. 1. to search for how the term of utilization has been defined. 2. to know what approaches and methods are able to be used the analysis of utilization. 3. to ascertain what factors influence on amount of utilization in the process of public policy.