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후두 편평세포암종에서 Galectin-1 및 -7의 발현 의의
김건형,강차영,윤혁수,도남용,조성일,임성철 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.2
Background and Objectives: The role of different Galectins in the pathogenesis of different types of malignancy is being profoundly investigated recently. In this study, the author investigated the level of Galectin-1 and -7 in the layngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue to define its relationship to the tumor progression. Materials and Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 77 patients, who were diagnosed as laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma from 1993 to 2007, were immunohistochemically stained for Galectin-1 and -7. Results: Galectin-1 expression was positively correlated with tumor stage and nodal involvement. Galectin-7 expression was increased in better differentiated tumors. Conclusion: Expression of Galectin-1 and -7 can be used as a valuable indicator in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma under certain limitations.
P3HT 유기물을 활성층으로 이용한 박막 트랜지스터 제작
이건웅,홍남경,권오성,이형규 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2005 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.13 No.1
구동회로가 유기물로 구성된다면 단순하고 저렴한 제작공정의 장점으로 인해 두루마리 디스플레이, RFID 카드에 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구는 이를 위해 고분자 유기물인 P3HT(poly-3-hexylthiophene)를 산화막이 성장된 Si 기판위에 스핀코팅하여 활성층으로 사용한 박막 트랜지스터를 제작하고 소자 구조에 따른 특성을 측정하였다. 트랜지스터는 하부 게이트 전극으로 Si 기판을, 몰리브덴 소스와 드레인이 유기물 활성층 하부 또는 그 상부에 위치하는 구조를 채택하였다. 제작된 박막 트랜지스터는 정상전도 p-채널 MOSFET 동작특성을 보이며 V_(GS) = -60 V, V_(DS) = -100 V에서 측정한 드레인 전류는 하부, 상부 접촉 구조에서 각각 I_(DS) = 8 pA/㎛, 4.7 pA/㎛ 이었으며 점멸비 (I_(on/off))는 10^(2)과 10을 나타내었다. 또한, 계산된 전계 효과 이동도는 두 구조에서 동일한 값으로써 약 1×10^(-6) ㎠/V-s 을 보이고 있었다. 상부구조의 장점은 트랜지스터의 특성은 박막의 품질이 향상되고 낮은 접촉저항을 나타내는 금속을 선택함으로써 들어날 것으로 기대된다. If the driving circuits were formed by organic materials, these can be applicable to flexible displays and RFID cards due to the simple fabrication methods and inexpensive costs of production, In this article, we report on the characteristics of organic thin-film transistors using P3HT(poly-3-hexylthiophene) polymer as an active layer material by spin-coating on a Si wafer. The transistor is composed of a Si back-gate, 150 nm thick thermal oxide, and Mo source/drain contacts formed either below (bottom-contact) or above (top-contact) the active channel. Fabricated devices have exhibited the normally-on p-channel MOSFET characteristics with the drain currents of 8 pA/㎛ and 4.7 pA/㎛, and with I_(on/off) ratios of 10^(2) and 10, from bottom- and top-contact structure, respectively, measured at V_(GS) = -60 V and V_(DS) = -100 V. And, the calculated mobility shows about 1×10^(-6) ㎠/V-s same in both structures. We expect that the advantages of top-contact structure could be revealed by employing low contact resistance metal and improvement of the film quality.
수영-스트레스에 의한 腦 Catecholamine 代謝의 變動에 있어서 甲狀腺-機能의 役割에 關한 硏究
洪起男,申炅浩,金炯健,全普權 고려대학교 의과대학 1989 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.26 No.3
Effects of hyper-and hypothyroidism in the swim-stress(SS) induced changes of plasma corticosterone(CS) level and brain norepinephrine(NE) metabolism were studied in male mice pretreated with 1-thyroxine sodium(4㎎/㎏, i.p. inj. once a day for 5 days; T₄) and propylthiouracil (fed ad lib in 0.01% drinking water for 5 weeks : PTU). The circadian rhythm of spotaneous motor activity was not significantly altered by T₄ and PTU, respectively. The plasma thyroxine level was markedly increased by T₄ but reduced by PTU and the plasma thyrotropin level was markedly increased by PTU but decreased by T₄. The plasma CS level was not changed by PTU but moderately increased by T₄ Clonidine slightly increased the plasma CS level, but the clonidine effect was significantly enhanced by T₄-pretreatment. The brain NE and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol(MHPG) contents were little affected by T₄ but significantly decreased by PTU. ThE SS-induced increase of plasma CS level was moderately decreased by PTU but increased by T₄. However, clonidine significantly inhibited the SS-induced increase, and the inhibitory effect of clonidine was little significantly affected by PTU and T₄ respectively. The brain MHPG content and MHPG/NE ratio were significantly decreased by clonidine bur increased by SS. THe clonidine-induced decrease of brain MHPG/NE ratio were not altered by PYTU or T₄. The SS-induced, and the inhibitory effect of clonidine was not affected by PTU and T₄ respectively. These results suggest 1) that the alteration of thyroidal function little affects the changes of brain NE in responses to swim-stress, but the stress-induced change of plasma corticosterone level may be somewhat modulated by the thyroidal function, and 2) that the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical stimulation in response to swim-stress seems to be mediated via hypothalamic noradrenergic activation, and the stress response may inhibited by the agonistic activity of clonidine on the presynaptic α₂-adrenoceptor.
Gun-Hyung Kwon,Sun-Hee Kim,Youngwoo Nam 한국응용곤충학회 2023 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.10
소나무허리노린재는(Leptoglossus occidentalis)는 북미원산으로 2010년 경남 창원에서 국내 침입이 처음 확인 되었다. 최근 까지는 소나무 구과에서 피해에서 나타났으나 이로 인한 피해는 수목생육에 직접적인 영향이 적은 편이다. 그러나 2020년 경기도 가평군의 잣나무 구과에서 피해가 확인되었는데, 잣나무 구과는 산림에서 경제적 으로 매우 중요한 소득작물로, 이로 인한 피해가 문제가 되기 시작하였다. 잣나무 구과에서 소나무허리노린재 발생소장 조사를 위해 경기도 가평군 6개 지역의 잣나무 상부에 타임랩스 카메라(TLC2020,Brinno)설치하고 영 상분석을 통해 잣 구과에서 소나무허리노린재 발생소장을 조사한 결과, 잣 구과에서 2021년 6월 7일에 최초 관찰 되기 시작하여 11월 7일까지 관찰되었으며, 2022년에는 5월 17일부터 10월 29일까지 관찰되었다. 시기별 구과 피해율 조사를 위해 잣나무 구과에 4월 초순에 망대를 사전에 설치하고 5월 중순부터 각 시기별로 소나무허리노 린재를 15일 간격으로 접종시켜 가해토록 한 후 제거하여 가해 시기에 따른 종자 피해율을 조사한 결과 잣 구과가 주로 성숙하는 6~7월 경이 잣 종자피해율이 높았으며 7월 하순부터는 종자 피해율이 낮아지는 경향을 보였다.
무선 센서 네트워크에서 비잔틴 오류를 고려한 시각 동기화 기법
임형근(Hyung-Gun Lim),백장운(Jang-Woon Baek),고석영(Seok-Young Ko),남영진(Young Jin Nam),서대화(Dae-Wha Seo) 한국정보과학회 영남지부 2007 한국정보과학회 영남지부 학술발표논문집 Vol.1 No.1
본 논문에서는 무선 센서 네트워크에서 시각 동기화 시 악의적인 노드의 시각 동기 방해 공격에 대처하기 위해 비잔틴 오류 감내 시각 동기화 기법을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 부모 노드 뿐만 아니라 형제 노드로부터 시각 정보 메시지를 수신하여 오류에 대처한다. 시뮬레이션 결과에서 제안 기법은 기존 시각 동기화 기법들에 비하여 시각 오류 발생시 동기 정확도 측면에서 최대 7배 향상된 성능을 보여주었다.
Yun, Gun,Arunachalam, Maheswari,Ahn, Kwang-Soon,Nam, Ki Min,Ha, Jun-Seok,Kang, Soon Hyung Electrochemical Society 2019 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.166 No.15
<P>We developed the multilayered fluorine doped SnO<SUB>2</SUB> (abbreviated as FTO) inverse opal (IO)/WO<SUB>3</SUB>/BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> film by sol-gel based spin coating, subsequently followed by facile electrodeposition. Above FTO IO template, both WO<SUB>3</SUB> and BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> layers were prepared by the electrodeposition methods in the variation of charge amount of 200–1,000 mC cm<SUP>−2</SUP> and of 300–1,500 mC cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, respectively. On increasing the loaded charge amount of WO<SUB>3</SUB> under the constant loaded amount of BiVO<SUB>4</SUB>, the light absorption in the near 400 nm is increased to steadily enhance PEC performance. In contrast, the further loaded WO<SUB>3</SUB> layer of 800–1,000 mC cm<SUP>−2</SUP> on FTO IO film degrades PEC activity, due to the increase of the intrinsic material and interfacial resistances. Meanwhile, on increasing the electrodeposited charge amount of BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> under the constant charge amount of WO<SUB>3</SUB>, the light absorption toward the visible wavelength is sharply increased, and gives rise to the enhancement of PEC performance; and conversely, the more loaded BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> of 1,200–1,500 mC cm<SUP>−2</SUP> induced the decay of PEC performance. The optimum condition in FTO IO/WO<SUB>3</SUB> (600 mC cm<SUP>−2</SUP>)/BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> (600 mC cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) film was well established, and the function or role of each layer was confirmed using photoluminescence, charge separation/transfer efficiency, and photovoltage-time spectra.</P>
Inguinal hernia surgery in Korea: nationwide data from 2007–2015
한승림,Hyung-Jin Kim,Nam-Hee Kim,Sukhyun Shin,Ri Na Yoo,Gun Kim,Hyeon-Min Cho 대한외과학회 2019 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.97 No.1
Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze inguinal hernia in Korea based on the nationwide data. Methods: Retrospective analysis of nationwide data obtained from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service database for surgical repair of inguinal hernia from January, 2007 to December, 2015 was performed. Results: A total of 314,238 cases of inguinal hernia surgery were performed during 9 years. The mean number of inguinal hernia surgery per year was 34,604 (range, 30,065–36,928). The proportion of male patient was 87%. Patients between the age of 1 to 5 years (17.3%) and of 60 to 69 years (17.4%) constituted the 2 dominant groups for inguinal hernia repair. A slight increase in repair for recurrent inguinal hernia, 1.9% to 3.2%, was observed from 2007 to 2015. The rate of concurrent bowel resection decreased from 1.9% to 0.6%. The total cost of inguinal hernia surgery was increased up to 1.68 times from 2007 to 2015 ($856 to $1,439), although the number of hospital days was decreased from 4.7 to 3.7 days. The rate of laparoscopic surgery was increased to 29.5% in 2015. Conclusion: A mean number of 34,604 cases of inguinal hernia surgery have been carried out annually in Korea. The age distribution for inguinal hernia repair demonstrates bimodal peak at early childhood and old age. The proportion of laparoscopic surgery of inguinal hernia has been increasing for the past 9 years. The length of hospital stay and the rate of combined bowel resection have decreased. [