치은섬유아세포의 MMP 발현에 대한 Nitric Oxide의 영향

신인식,윤상오,정현주 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.1

Periodontitis are infectious diseases characterized by periodontal attachment loss and bone destruction. Various collagens, the predominant extracellular matrix (ECM) components of periodontium which produced by periodontal ligament and gingival fibroblasts, are the main targets of degradation in periodontitis. Among host proteases degrading the extracellular matrix, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are highly related to tissue destruction and remodeling events in periodontal diseases. The initial split of gingival and periodontal ligament collagens is a key feature of progressive and active periodontitis lesions or pockets, and this initial cleavage is carried out by the host cell-derived MMPs. It has been suggested that increased number and activity of phagocytes in periodontitis lesion results in a high degree of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite. There are few reports on the relationship between ROS and MMPs expressions in gingival fibroblast. This study showed that, especially nitric oxide, could be the critical mediator of periodontal disease progression through control of MMP-2 expression in gingival fibroblast possibly via Ras/NF-kappa B pathway.

일과성 전 기억상실증으로 나타난 크로이츠펠트 : 야콥병 1례

신대수,이승희,이한샘,박성욱,박현영,장혁,장성조,김요식,조광호 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2004 圓光醫科學 Vol.19 No.1

새로운 世界海上조難 및 安全制度에 관한 硏究

신현식 여수대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The INMARSAT system, operated by the international maritime satellite organization, provides reliable and high-quality, global maritime satellite communications, unaffected by weather or ionospheric disturbances. INMARSAT COVERAGE REGIONS inmarsat communications satellites are placed into a geostationary orb it and have fixed zones of coverage. Three operational satellites form three communications regions, the atlantic ocean region(AOR), the indian ocean region(IOR), and the pacific ocean region(POR.) respectively. In addition, there are spare in orbit satellites. The locations of the INMARSAT satellites are given in table 1.1, while the boundaries of the satell ite coverage region with the limit of 0 degree elevation angle of the ship earth station antenna, are shown in Table 1.1. ??????? Ships equipped with inmarsatship earth station (SESs) are calable of communications with shore based correspondents and other ships, via the inmarsat sarellites. The system allows ships to obtain access to any subscriber of international telephone and telex networks. The quality of vided they are both within the boundaries of an inmarsat ocean region. Communition services in the inmarsat system are provide by Coast Earth Station (CESS) located in various countries. A list of CESS operating in the system is given in table 1.2. The services currently available include: ■distress, urgency and safety communications ■high speed data ■telephony ■telegram ????????? ■telex ■slow-scan television ■facsimile ■other special service ■medium speed data ■various information and assistance service Detailed calling instructions for the above services are described in the following pages, under their respective headings : distress, urgency and safety services ; telephone services ; telex service; and special services. Also outlined are procedures for locating the source of trouble, should any difficulty be experienced is establishing communications.

CT-2 시스템의 기지국 구성과 운용형태에 관한 분석

신현식,김용규 여수대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.12 No.2

In this paper, structural methods and types of base-stations in the CT-2 system are discussed, chracteristics of radio propergation and quality of callings through the experiment in the vicinity at Jin-ju city in which have been started recently, are analyzed, and the development trends of the CT-2 serviece are disccused.

電波管理法上 海難事故時 通信의 역활에 관한 硏究

신현식 여수대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The means of communication, the media connectiong most of districts and countries has been necessary, by means of the development of the science and civilization and vessels are capable of transporting much quantities in the means of transportation and are high level in their safety, however, if distress happend, enermous vietims will be brought for, which the safety policy should be considered, It is belived that the development of international shipping is necessary to consider the conditions of our nation's geographical and economical situations, and the rapid shipping by vessel will be the important role to develop economy of our country. We know that the means of communication is situated at important place to develop shipping and fishing industry, and especially as the radio telecommunication is able to connect all means of other communication and its means is cheap it is favorable in the fields of ships, aircraft and vehicles ect., whose scape of utilizing has been increasing. Last years all the tonnage of our country indicated 6,300,000 which ranked 15th of the world, and her landings of fishes, 2,650,000m/t whose rank was 7th of the world, which indicates that our country is developing more and more in the fields of shipping and fisheries. However, it should be noted that many unexpected distress occured ceaselessly. It is important that the prevention of distress should be prepared, but of distress happened unexpectly in the seas, it is more important that the operators on ship should undergo actions for helping the man and ships. The points of analysis of the matter indicate that there are still some problems remained it is summarized as follows; 1) the strict training system should be reinforced for the operators on ship. 2) practical application on communication system should be reinforced for safe navigation. 3) the distress ship should be searched for as early as possible and foilities to save them should be also established.

동시성 공유정신병 : 일란성 쌍생아 자매의 역할반전 Case Formulation of Role Reversal

신화식,유희정,김헌수,김현실,민병근 울산대학교 의과대학 1995 울산의대학술지 Vol.4 No.1

The twin sisters case of folie simultanee is reported here in this paper. A case of folie simultanee is described as two or more people becoming psychotic simultaneously and sharing the same delusion. The results of psychodynamic approach for this case are as follows. 1. There are a variety of conflicting hypotheses on the orgin of the disorder, ranging from the etiological explanation of organic factor to various psychodynamic approach. In this case, there is no evidence of hereditary factor on the laboratory findings and family history. Therefore the authors stressed that the psychodynamic formulation of the disorder is on the importance .of the etiological rol. It seem significant to describe that the etiology is multidimensional and includes factors such as character structure formation in processing of object relations, the emotional relationship between the partners, socio-environmental conditions and hereditary predisposition. 2. There are two issues in folie simultanee. The one is related to diagnosis. It is consider to distinguish the inductor from the recipient. The other is subject to treatment. It is important to determine whether separate the inductor and recipient by admitting the inductor for a psychiatric center or not. Furthermore, the inductor and recipient's weak ego state should be recognized in planning various psychiatric treatments. 3. It could be found in the role reversal phenomenon between the inductor and recipient during long-term course.

電波管理法上 油槽船 海難事故에 관한 硏究

신현식 여수대학교 1988 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

Oil and other waste not only pollute Sea but give damage to Sea plants and animals and danger of fire to Vessels and Coastal facilities. To provide for Contingent disasters, stockpile of materials and equipments as well as joint trainings are being promoted under close Cooperation between the Government and Private enterprize. Oil discharge from or fire on a large tanker may do a great deal of damage. When a berth for tankers of more than 100,000 deadweight tons or that for liquefied gas tankers of more than 5,000 gross tons is to be constructed, the Agency gives fuidance to the administrators as to Construction planning from the Viewpoint of maritime fafety. Further, as for berths for heavy oil tankers of more than 50,000 deadweight tons, the Agency directs that administrators should make previous arrzngements as to cargo Work, extend oil booms in aduance, and dispose patrol vessels. When a large tanker loaded with dangerous articles such as crude Oil, LNG of LPG passes the traffic routes designated by the Maritime Traffis Safety Law, the Agency orders dispose a fire vessel having a fire-fighting capacity required for the type and the size of the tanker, and the Agency also directs that a Certain degree of fire-fighting capacity should be secured even when Such a tanker navigates within a Congested water such as a port or is loaded or unloaded. When an oil discharge acciednt occusr, the Agency Sends patrol vessels and aircraft to know how discharged oil spread, to Control maritime traffic and to give guidance and advice to the person responsible for the accident and the Maritime Disaster Prevention Center and other Persons which take measures to remove discharged oil. If the person responsible for the accident does not take appropriate measures, the Agency removes discharged oil with materials and machines disposed at principal offices throughout the country to check the progress in pollution. Particularly in Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay and Seto Inlad Sea, where there is every probability that great oil dischavge accidents will occur, the Agency especially promotes the improvement of materials and machines for removing discharged oil under the Discharge Oil Removal program.

정보통신시장 개방에 따른 소비자 보호대책에 관한 연구

신현식,정근회 麗水水産大學校産業技術硏究所 1997 産業基術硏究所 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

In this study, we define the appropriate classification of information and telecommunication industry, including telecommunications equipment and service industry in order to provide the concerned governmental institutions with data useful for establishing industry promoting policy. And on the basis of this classification, we analyse traits and structure of the recent market, and also perform trends-analysis and market-forecast using data which have been fielded in our DB system since 1984. First, we classify telecommunications industries into telecommunications equipment industry, information equipment industry, S/W industry, telecommunications component manufacturing industry, and telecommunications service industry. And then, we classify telecommunications equipment industry and telecommunications service industry into more details; respectively, wire communication equipment / wireless communication equipment, computer equipment / peripheral equipment, system software / application software, active component / passive component / service / other telecommunications service industry. The characteristics of the recent industry are as follows; 1. in the economic-industrial aspect, role enlargement of information and telecommunications industry. 2. in the aspect of technology environment, rapid development of technology and technology commercialization. 3. in the market structure aspect, expansion of Regionalism.

편도체중심핵내 요힘빈과 날록손의미세주입이 신기성으로 유발된 통각감소에 미치는 효과

신맹식,조소현,김기석,김현택 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.5 No.1

선행연구에서 동물이 새로운 환경에 노출되면 날록손에 역전되지 않는 통각감소 현상이 발생하며, 이러한 신기성으로 유발된 통각감소(novelty-induced hypoalgesia)는 세로토닌(serotonin: 5-HT)이나 노어피네프린(norepinephrine: NE)등의 모노아민계에 의해서 매개된다. 본연구에서는 정서/인지적 반응과 항유해적반응을 매개하는 하나의 신경구조물로 알려져 있는 편도체중심핵이 이러한 통각감소를 전달하는 데에 책임있는 영역인지, 그리고 NE의 작용에 아편계가 관여하는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 본실험에서는, 먼저 모든 쥐에게 양측 편도체중심핵을 표적으로 안내관을 심는 시술을 실시했다. 1주일 후 이들 쥐를 크게 노출집단과 비노출집단의 2 집단으로 나눈 후 노출집단만 23℃의 열판에서 매일 5분씩 7일간을 노출시켰다. 8일째에 각 집단을 다시 요힘빈집단과 생리식염수집단(요힘빈-노출집단, 요힘빈-빈노출집단, 생리식염수-노출집단 및 생리식염수-비노출집단)으로 분류한 다음 편도체중심핵의 양측에 해당의 각 약물을 미세주입하고 모든 동물을 49℃의 열판에 노출시켜서 뒷발바닥핥기 잠재기를 측정하였다. 각 동물을 열판장치에서 꺼내자마자 동일한 부위에 다시 날록손을 주입하고 앞에서와 동일하게 잠재기를 측정하였다. 실험결과, 열판기구라는 신기성환경에 의해서 통각감소가 유발되었음은 물론, 알파-2 NE 수용기 길항제인 요힘빈에 의해서는 비노출조건에서만 통각감소가 증가하였으며, 날록손의 경우는 비노출조건의 요힘빈집단에서만 통각감소가 감소하였다. 이들의 결과는 동물이 신기성환경에 접하면 공포와 함께 통각이 감소한다는 사실을 알려줄 뿐만 아니라, 편도체중심핵내의 NE가 이러한 효과를 매개 및 상승시킴을 의미한다. 그리고, 편도체중심핵에서 비노출조건의 요힘빈하에서만 아편계가 관여한다는 사실은 신기성환경으로 유발된 통각감소에 아편계가 단독으로 개입할 가능성은 미소하며 이런 종류의 통각감소에서 아편계보다는 NE계의 역할이 큼을 시사한다. Previous studies have reported that a novel environment renders animals hypoalgesic and this novelty-induced hypoalgesia(NIHA) is not reversed by naloxone-pretreatment; in fact, the NIHA seems to be mediated through the monoaminergic system such as serotoninergic- and noradrenergic substrate, according to the studies on the effects of i.p. injection of those receptor ligands on the NIHA. The present study is conducted to investigate not only whether the central amygdaloid nucleus(ACe), which is known as mediating anti-nociceptive response as well as emotional/cognitive ones including fear/anxiety response, is responsible for the NE-mediated NIHA, but also whether the opiate system modulates this kind of NE mediation. In the present experiment, all rats were first given bilateral cannulae-implantations into the ACe. 7 days later, after these rats were randomly assigned into two groups named 'exposure group(EXP)' and 'non-exposure group(NON)', only the EXP started to be exposed to the non-functional floor of the Hot-Plate Apparatus (at the temperature of 23℃) 5 minutes every day for 7 consecutive days. On the 8th day, after being divided into two subgroups such as yohimbine group and saline group and being supplied with bilaterally-microinjected yohimbine or saline equivalent to its condition into the ACe, each group received a hot-plate(49℃) test. The latency to lick a hind-paw was manually recorded. As soon as picked out of the Apparatus all the rats were re-provided with naloxone, one of opiate receptor antagonists, and were re-tested under the same conditions mentioned. The result is that the novelty rats produced more hypoalgesia than the adapted rats in the hindpaw-licking latency, and that the bilateral micro-injection of yohimbine, an α(2^-)NE receptor antagonist increaing NE release in the brain-neuron synaptic cleft by blocking the presynaptic autoreceptors, potentiated the hypoalgesia, only in the novelty rats; which indicates that the novelty-induced hypoalgesia appears to be carried through the NE substrate and that the ACe is the chief forebrain site conducting the NE-potentiated novety-induced hypoalgesia. As far as the effect of naloxone injection under the influence of the preinjected yohimbine and saline is concerned, the hypoalgesia was reduced only under the condition of novelty yohimbine, neither under that of novelty saline nor under that of non-novelty yohimbine and saline; which implicates the opiate substrast may participate in the hypoalgesia necessarily as the NE-substrate-dependant pattern rather than by itself. Thus, the NE system may play more important role than opiate system in mediating the novelty-induced hypoalgesia.

海上災害 管理의 理論的 背景에 관한 硏究

신현식 여수대학교 1996 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

Any search and rescue system, either existing or planned, must be examined in the context of the maritime safety system in which it operates. Although its function is to save lives, in many respects, activation of the search and rescue system (and successful rescue of potential victims) represents a failure of the maritime sefety system. Search and rescue is only one component, albeit often the most visible and dramatic component, of the maritime safety environment. An effective maritime safety system must include other equally important components, including legislation, regulation, certification, education, training and infrastructure, as well as national coordination and management.