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Near-Infrared Autofluorescence Image-Guided Parathyroid Gland Mapping in Thyroidectomy
Kim, Sung Won,Lee, Hyoung Shin,Ahn, Yeh-Chan,Park, Chan Woo,Jeon, Seok Won,Kim, Chang Hoi,Ko, Jae Beom,Oak, Chulho,Kim, Yikeun,Lee, Kang Dae Elsevier 2018 Journal of the American College of Surgeons Vol.226 No.2
<P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Studies to date have shown that near-infrared autofluorescence imaging (NIR) can detect the parathyroid gland during thyroidectomy. However, there are no reports that NIR imaging can identify the parathyroid gland when it's covered with fibrofatty tissue before identification by a surgeon's naked eye. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of parathyroid gland mapping to facilitate early identification of the parathyroid gland during thyroidectomy.</P> <P><B>Study Design</B></P> <P>Seventy parathyroid glands from 38 patients who underwent thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer were included in this prospective study. Near-infrared with infrared illumination (NIR-IR) imaging using a 780-nm light-emitting diode was conducted at the predicted locations of the superior or inferior parathyroid glands. Parathyroid mapping was conducted in 3 stages. Stages P1, P2, and P3 were defined as imaging before identification of the gland by direct visualization, imaging after identification, and imaging in the removed specimen, respectively.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Sixty-four parathyroid glands (92.8%) could be localized in stage P1 before surgical dissection and exposure of the gland. Five parathyroid glands that were not detected at stage P1 were identified in stages P2 (4 cases, 5.8%) and P3 (1 case, 1.4%). One parathyroid gland was not identified in either the NIR imaging or the pathologic examination. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of parathyroid gland mapping in stages P1, P2, and P3 were all 100%.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Parathyroid gland mapping using our NIR-IR imaging technique was feasible, with an excellent accuracy rate. This technique may be helpful for early identification of parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy.</P>
Lee, Jung-Hoon,Oak, Min-Ae,Choi, Hyoung Joon,Son, Jong Yeog,Jang, Hyun Myung The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.4
<P>A pseudo-binary solid solution formed with two structurally dissimilar end members possesses a structural phase boundary, commonly called the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). Many of the technologically useful piezoelectric oxides exhibit their maximum piezoelectric responses at a characteristic composition that corresponds to the MPB. Here we present a first-principles approach that can predict the existence of the MPB and its unique chemical composition. By evaluating the composition-dependent Kohn–Sham energy for both rhombohedral (<I>R</I>3<I>c</I>) and orthorhombic (<I>Pbnm</I>) phases, we have correctly reproduced the experimentally reported MPB compositions of two BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB>(BFO)-based multiferroics having a <I>R</I>3<I>c</I>–<I>Pbnm</I> phase boundary: <I>x</I> = 0.30 for La-modified BFO (Bi<SUB>1−<I>x</I></SUB>La<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>FeO<SUB>3</SUB>) and <I>x</I> = 0.14 for Sm-modified BFO (Bi<SUB>1−<I>x</I></SUB>Sm<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>FeO<SUB>3</SUB>). The present <I>ab initio</I> approach can be exploited as a useful guideline for the compositional design of ferroics having high piezoelectric responses.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A schematic view of the <I>R</I>3<I>c</I>–<I>Pbnm</I> morphotropic phase transition in La-modified BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB>. The off-centering ferroelectric distortion and the electron-density asymmetry of the A-site ion reduce significantly upon the La-substitution for Bi ions. This eventually leads to a zero off-centering polarization. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1jm13582a'> </P>
임동준 ( Dong Jun Lim ),조재형 ( Jae Hyoung Cho ),최윤희 ( Yoon Hee Choi ),박헌석 ( Heon Seok Park ),홍옥기 ( Oak Kee Hong ),권혁상 ( Hyuk Sang Kwon ),손호영 ( Ho Young Son ),윤건호 ( Kun Ho Yoon ) 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2005 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.2 No.3
Using an air-driven droplet generator, we investigated to establish an ideal condition of microencapsulation of rat islets by simple alginate-barium microcapsules and to access viability of islets in capsules. We made empty microcapsules by changing an alginate density from 1.0% to 3.0%, an alginate infusion rate from 10 to 70 mL/hr and a CO2 flow rate from 1.0 to 7.0 L/min and decided the optimal condition in making the optimal sized capsules with less than 5% fragmented microcapsules. The adequate microcapsules sized 700-800 μm were produced at an alginate density of 1.5% (P<0.05), at an alginate infusion rate of 40 mL/hr (P<0.05), and at an air flow rate of 4.0 L/min under the minimum of fragmented microcapsules. Isolated 4000 rat islets were microencapsulated according to the above condition. There was no difference of the capsule size between the islets-encapsulated microcapsules and that of empty ones (750.5±31.3 μm vs. 826.1±31.9 μm). We compared the insulin secretion of islets encapsulated by alginate-barium microcapsule with that of naked islets (control group) through the measurement of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion at 3.3 mM glucose and at 16.7 mM glucose. Insulin secretion of microencapsulated islets had no difference from that of control group at 3.3 mM glucose but was 42% lower than that of control group at 16.7 mM glucose during 45 min incubation. Here we established the optimal conditions for microencapsulation of isolated islets, which would overcome the immunorejection in allo- and xeno-islet transplantation in diabetes patients.
Intraoperative Real-Time Localization of Normal Parathyroid Glands With Autofluorescence Imaging
Kim, Sung Won,Song, Seo Hyun,Lee, Hyoung Shin,Noh, Woong Jae,Oak, Chulho,Ahn, Yeh-Chan,Lee, Kang Dae Issued for the Endocrine Society by the Williams & 2016 The Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism Vol.101 No.12
<P>Conclusions: This method showed the precise localization of the parathyroid glands and demonstrated their relation to background tissue. We believe that this simple, nonexogenous dye technique of anatomical guidance can aid surgeons to preserve parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy.</P>
Shin, Jeong‐,Ah,Hong, Oak‐,Kee,Lee, Hye‐,Jung,Jeon, Sung‐,Yoon,Kim, Ji‐,Won,Lee, Seung‐,Hwan,Cho, Jae‐,Hyoung,Lee, Jung‐,Min,Choi, Yoon‐,Hee,Chang Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol.112 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Pancreatic duct cells are considered a potential source of β‐cell regeneration, and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) has been suggested to perform an important role in these processes, but the underlying mechanism of the signal pathways, especially in humans, remains poorly understood. To evaluate the role of TGF‐β1, pancreatic duct cells were isolated from three brain‐dead organ donors. Pancreatic cell clusters harvested after islet isolation were dispersed to single cells and cultured in monolayers, then treated with TGF‐β1. We analyzed the characteristics of the cultured cells, the TGF‐β1 intracellular signaling pathway, the proliferation, and transdifferentiation rates of the duct cells. We also evaluated the genes and protein expression patterns after TGF‐β1 treatment. After TGF‐β1 treatment, typical morphologic changes representative of EMT were observed and Erk1/2, JNK, and AKT phosphorylation, Ras downstream effectors, were increased. β cell‐specific transcription factors including PDX‐1, Beta2/NeuroD, Ist‐1, and NGN3 were markedly suppressed and the rate of transdifferentiation into β cells was also suppressed. Genomic and proteomic analyses suggested that TGF‐β1 induces marked changes in a variety of structural genes and proteins associated with EMT. In conclusion, TGF‐β1 induces EMT in cultured human pancreatic duct cells, but suppresses its proliferation and transdifferentiation into β cells. Our results are the first report of TGF‐β1 effects for EMT and ductal cell transdifferentiation and proliferation at the protein level in human pancreatic duct cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 179–188, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</P>
Lee, Wook Jin,Son, Jae Hyoung,Park, Ik Min,Oak, Jeong-Jung,Kimura, Hisamichi,Park, Yong Ho The Japan Institute of Metals 2010 MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS Vol.51 No.6
<P>In order to understand the deformation behavior of randomly orientated ceramic whisker reinforced composite materials, three dimensional (3D) finite element models were developed. The actual distributions of the whiskers in the composite materials were reconstructed for the representative volume element of the composite, using a random sequential adsorption algorithm. The samples were random Al<SUB>18</SUB>B<SUB>4</SUB>O<SUB>33</SUB> whisker reinforced magnesium matrix composites with a volume fraction of 15%. After modeling, the role of the random ceramic whisker in the deformation behavior of the magnesium matrix composite was investigated by the finite element method (FEM). The elastic modulus and stress-strain behaviors of the composite predicted by the microstructure-based model correlated well with the experimental results.</P>